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The Commd (Copper Metabolism gene MURR1 Domain) family genes play crucial roles in various biological processes, including copper and sodium transport regulation, NF-κB activity, and cell cycle progression. Their function in Haliotis discus hannai, however, remains unclear. This study focused on identifying and analyzing the Commd genes in H. discus hannai, including their gene structure, phylogenetic relationships, expression profiles, sequence diversity, and alternative splicing. The results revealed significant homology between H. discus hannai's Commd genes and those of other mollusks. Both transcriptome quantitative analysis and qRT-PCR demonstrated the responsiveness of these genes to heat stress and Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection. Notably, alternative splicing analysis revealed that COMMD2, COMMD4, COMMD5, and COMMD7 produce multiple alternative splice variants. Furthermore, sequence diversity analysis uncovered numerous missense mutations, specifically 9 in COMMD5 and 14 in COMMD10. These findings contribute to expanding knowledge on the function and evolution of the Commd gene family and underscore the potential role of COMMD in the innate immune response of H. discus hannai. This research, therefore, offers a novel perspective on the molecular mechanisms underpinning the involvement of Commd genes in innate immunity, paving the way for further explorations in this field.
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Gastrópodos , Inmunidad Innata , Filogenia , Vibrio parahaemolyticus , Animales , Vibrio parahaemolyticus/fisiología , Inmunidad Innata/genética , Gastrópodos/inmunología , Gastrópodos/genética , Gastrópodos/microbiología , Estrés Fisiológico/inmunología , Estrés Fisiológico/genética , Familia de Multigenes , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Alineación de Secuencia , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Regulación de la Expresión Génica/inmunología , Evolución MolecularRESUMEN
BACKGROUND This study embarked on an innovative exploration to elucidate the effects of integrating electroacupuncture (EA) with motor training (MT) on enhancing corticospinal excitability and motor learning. Central to this investigation is the interplay between homeostatic and non-homeostatic metaplasticity processes, providing insights into how these combined interventions may influence neural plasticity and motor skill acquisition. MATERIAL AND METHODS The investigation enrolled 20 healthy volunteers, subjecting them to 4 distinct interventions to parse out the individual and combined effects of EA and MT. These interventions were EA alone, MT alone, EA-priming followed by MT, and MT-priming followed by EA. The assessment of changes in primary motor cortex (M1) excitability was conducted through motor-evoked potentials (MEPs), while the grooved pegboard test (GPT) was used to evaluate alterations in motor performance. RESULTS The findings revealed that EA and MT independently contributed to enhanced M1 excitability and motor performance. However, the additional priming with EA or MT did not yield further modulation in MEPs amplitudes. Notably, EA-priming was associated with improved GPT completion times, underscoring its potential in facilitating motor learning. CONCLUSIONS The study underscores that while EA and MT individually augment motor cortex excitability and performance, their synergistic application does not further enhance or inhibit cortical excitability. This points to the involvement of non-homeostatic metaplasticity mechanisms. Nonetheless, EA emerges as a critical tool in preventing M1 overstimulation, thereby continuously fostering motor learning. The findings call for further research into the strategic application of EA, whether in isolation or with MT, within clinical settings to optimize rehabilitation outcomes.
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Electroacupuntura , Potenciales Evocados Motores , Voluntarios Sanos , Aprendizaje , Corteza Motora , Estimulación Magnética Transcraneal , Humanos , Electroacupuntura/métodos , Masculino , Corteza Motora/fisiología , Aprendizaje/fisiología , Femenino , Potenciales Evocados Motores/fisiología , Adulto , Estimulación Magnética Transcraneal/métodos , Plasticidad Neuronal/fisiología , Adulto Joven , Destreza Motora/fisiología , Tractos Piramidales/fisiologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Paranasal sinus angiosarcoma is an uncommon malignancy, with only a few reported cases worldwide. Although it exhibits multiple symptoms, facial paralysis has not been previously documented as a noticeable presentation. CASE PRESENTATION: In this case, we report a 40-year-old male who presented with facial numbness and pain for one month, weakness of his facial muscles for 15 days, and recurrent right epistaxis for 1 year. He had a history of nasal inflammatory polyps with chronic sinusitis. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed space-occupying lesions in the right nasal cavity and maxillary sinus, with bone destruction occurring in the sinus wall and turbinate. This patient then underwent endoscopic surgery. According to the histopathological and immunohistochemical results, he was eventually diagnosed with paranasal sinus angiosarcoma in April 2021. To date, this patient has not initiated any radiotherapy or chemotherapy and has survived with lymphatic metastasis for at least 3 years. CONCLUSIONS: This manuscript suggests that paranasal sinus angiosarcoma can present with facial paralysis. Moreover, pathological and immunohistochemical tests are still vital for diagnosing paranasal sinus angiosarcoma and differential diagnosis. Additionally, regular follow-up is crucial for patients with paranasal sinus angiosarcoma, enabling monitoring of recurrence, metastasis, and recovery while contributing valuable clinical data to understanding this rare disease and associated research endeavours.
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Parálisis Facial , Hemangiosarcoma , Masculino , Humanos , Adulto , Hemangiosarcoma/diagnóstico , Hemangiosarcoma/diagnóstico por imagen , Parálisis Facial/etiología , Seno Maxilar/diagnóstico por imagen , Seno Maxilar/patología , Cavidad Nasal/patología , Epistaxis/patologíaRESUMEN
RATIONALE: Cardiovascular disease, as a multifactorial disease caused by genetics and environment, has emerged as a leading cause of mortality. The discovery of metabolic biomarkers for the clinical diagnosis, early warning and elucidation of the molecular pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease, using metabolomics, has attracted broad interest. Therefore, this work aimed to develop a sensitive and reliable targeted metabolomics method for the quantification of cardiovascular disease-related biomarkers in plasma. METHODS: The method was developed and validated using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography augmented with tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC/MS/MS). The LC conditions and MS parameters were optimized using selected reaction monitoring scanning mode to high-throughput and sensitive separation, and could detect 20 metabolic biomarkers in a single experiment. And the linearity, selectivity, accuracy, precision, stability and recovery of the developed method were assessed according to the Bioanalytical Method Validation guidelines of the United States Food and Drug Administration. RESULTS: These quantified metabolic biomarkers are involved in pathways such as aromatic amino acid catabolism (e.g. phenylalanine, tryptophan, tyrosine), trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) biosynthesis (e.g. TMAO, choline, carnitine, betaine) and histidine metabolism (e.g. histidine), among others. All analytes exhibited excellent linearities with coefficients of determination greater than 0.99. Accuracies deviated by less than 15% for medium- and high-concentration samples and less than 20% for low-concentration samples, with intra- and inter-day precisions of 1.12-14.12% and 0.30-13.74%, respectively. Recoveries and stabilities also met the analysis requirements of biological samples. CONCLUSIONS: The targeted metabolomics method was shown to have a powerful ability to accurately analyze metabolic biomarkers, thereby providing valuable information for large-scale biomarker validation and clarifying the potential material basis of cardiovascular disease for clinical diagnosis or early warning.
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Enfermedades Cardiovasculares , Espectrometría de Masas en Tándem , Biomarcadores , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/diagnóstico , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión/métodos , Cromatografía Liquida/métodos , Histidina , Humanos , Metabolómica , Espectrometría de Masas en Tándem/métodosRESUMEN
Somatosensory stimulation can effectively induce plasticity in the motor cortex representation of the stimulated body part. Specific interactions have been reported between different representations within the primary motor cortex. However, studies evaluating somatosensory stimulation-induced plasticity between different representations within the primary motor cortex are sparse. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of somatosensory stimulation on the modulation of plasticity between different representations within the primary motor cortex. Twelve healthy volunteers received both electroacupuncture (EA) and sham EA at the TE5 acupoint (located on the forearm). Plasticity changes in different representations, including the map volume, map area, and centre of gravity (COG) were evaluated by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) before and after the intervention. EA significantly increased the map volume of the forearm and hand representations compared to those of sham EA and significantly reduced the map volume of the face representation compared to that before EA. No significant change was found in the map volume of the upper arm and leg representations after EA, and likewise, no significant changes in map area and COG were observed. These results suggest that EA functions as a form of somatosensory stimulation to effectively induce plasticity between different representations within the primary motor cortex, which may be related to the extensive horizontal intrinsic connectivity between different representations. The cortical plasticity induced by somatosensory stimulation might be purposefully used to modulate human cortical function.
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Electroacupuntura , Corteza Motora/fisiología , Plasticidad Neuronal , Adulto , Femenino , Antebrazo/fisiología , Humanos , Masculino , Estimulación Magnética TranscranealRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Depression and chronic pain frequent co-occur, exacerbating each other's symptoms and hindering treatment. Emerging studies have highlighted abnormal gut microbiota in both conditions. Previous studies have demonstrated the clinical effectiveness of electro-acupuncture (EA) in managing these conditions, yet the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. METHODS: Spared nerve injury (SNI) was employed to induce chronic pain and depression-like behavior. Rats were randomly assigned to sham SNI (SS), SNI, and EA groups. SNI surgery was performed on all rats, except those in SS group, which underwent sham SNI surgery. Then EA group received 5 weeks of EA treatment. Pain and depression-like behavior were assessed through paw withdrawal threshold, sucrose-preference test, and forced swim test. Gut microbiota composition was analyzed via 16S rDNA sequencing. Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and acetylation-related proteins in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) were evaluated through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blot. RESULTS: EA treatment significantly ameliorated pain and depression-like behavior. The 16S rDNA sequencing showed EA modulated gut microbiota composition, increased short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-producing bacteria, including Akkermansi, Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae family, particularly Akkermansia. Furthermore, EA increased BDNF, AcH3 and decreased HDAC2 in mPFC. Notably, SCFAs-producing bacteria exhibited a negative correlation with HDAC2 levels. LIMITATIONS: This study exclusively investigated microbiota differences resulting from EA stimulation, without delving into the functional variations brought about by these microbial distinctions. CONCLUSIONS: The therapeutic effects of EA on the comorbidity of chronic pain and depression may involve the modulation of the gut microbiota, resulting in histone acetylation changes and upregulation of BDNF.
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Depresión , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Electroacupuntura , Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Histona Desacetilasa 2 , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Animales , Ratas , Depresión/terapia , Depresión/metabolismo , Masculino , Histona Desacetilasa 2/metabolismo , Corteza Prefrontal/metabolismo , Dolor Crónico/terapia , Factor Neurotrófico Derivado del Encéfalo/metabolismo , Conducta AnimalRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: To assess the relative benefits of various non-pharmacological interventions on treating primary dysmenorrhoea within a network meta-analysis. STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis. INCLUSION CRITERIA: Randomised controlled trial involving patient with primary dysmenorrhoea and received non-pharmacological interventions. DATA SOURCES: Four databases (Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science) were searched from inception to October first, 2022. RISK-OF-BIAS ROB ASSESSMENT: RoB 2.0 assessment tools was used to assess the risk of bias in the included studies. SYNTHESIS OF RESULTS: Conventional meta-analysis was conducted by pairwise comparison between non-pharmacological therapy and control treatment. The Bayesian network meta-analysis was conducted by the Aggregate Data Drug Information System Software based on the consistency or inconsistency model, and rank probability was used to indicate the priority of non-pharmacological therapy. RESULTS: 33 studies involving eight non-pharmacological interventions were included. With regard to conventional meta-analysis, we selected Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) as primary outcome to evaluate the pain intensity. The result showed that eight interventions (Exercise, Herb, Acupuncture, Aromatherapy, Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation, Topical heat, Acupressure, Yoga) displayed positive effect on reduction of menstrual pain compared with placebo or no treatment. A Bayesian network meta-analysis revealed that exercise -3.20 (95% CI -4.01 to -2.34), acupuncture -2.90 (95% CI -3.97 to -2.85) and topical heat -2.97 (95% CI -4.66 to -1.29) probably resulted in a reduction in pain intensity (VAS) . CONCLUSIONS: Non-pharmacological interventions may result in a reduction or slight reduction in pain intensity compared with no treatment or placebo. Specifically, exercise and acupuncture are considered as potentially effective non-pharmacological treatments in short-term treatment. Indeed, larger and better methodological quality research is needed. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42022351021.
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Teorema de Bayes , Dismenorrea , Metaanálisis en Red , Humanos , Dismenorrea/terapia , Femenino , Resultado del Tratamiento , Dimensión del Dolor , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como AsuntoRESUMEN
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer. Nearly a decade of studies had shown that cancer regimens tailored to molecular and pathological features lead to improved overall survival. Oxidative stress (OS) refers to a state in which oxidation and antioxidant effects are unbalanced in the body. However, the molecular mechanism of OS-related CRC remains unclear. Methods: Univariate Cox regression analysis gained OS signature genes related to CRC prognosis, and then, different CRC molecular subtypes were obtained by consensus clustering analysis. Differential expression analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm were used to obtain prognostic-related signature genes. Significantly, risk score was calculated by RiskScore = Σßi × Expi. Moreover, the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, immune cell infiltration, and sensitivity to treatment regimens were performed to assess the model's validity and adaptability. Finally, RiskScore incorporated clinicopathological features to further improve prognostic models and survival prediction. Results: 63 OS-related prognostic genes were obtained, and four distinct molecular subtypes of CRC were identified based on the expression characteristics. 230 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between different molecular subtypes were compressed by LASSO algorithm, and finally, 6 OS-related genes were obtained. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated that the high RiskScore groups had poorer prognosis and the RiskScore model showed better predictive performance in all three other independent datasets. Moreover, immunotherapy/chemosensitivity analysis found that the low-risk group was more sensitive to different treatment options and could achieve better treatment outcomes. Conclusion: Oxidative stress-related RiskScore model built in this work has good predictive performance for CRC.
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Neoplasias Colorrectales , Estrés Oxidativo , Humanos , Algoritmos , Análisis por Conglomerados , InmunoterapiaRESUMEN
Tumors are spatially heterogeneous tissues that comprise numerous cell types with intricate structures. By interacting with the microenvironment, tumor cells undergo dynamic changes in gene expression and metabolism, resulting in spatiotemporal variations in their capacity for proliferation and metastasis. In recent years, the rapid development of histological techniques has enabled efficient and high-throughput biomolecule analysis. By preserving location information while obtaining a large number of gene and molecular data, spatially resolved metabolomics (SRM) and spatially resolved transcriptomics (SRT) approaches can offer new ideas and reliable tools for the in-depth study of tumors. This review provides a comprehensive introduction and summary of the fundamental principles and research methods used for SRM and SRT techniques, as well as a review of their applications in cancer-related fields.
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We aimed to investigate the effects of dietary alpha-lipoic acid (α-LA) on the growth performance, serum biochemical indexes, liver morphology, antioxidant capacity, and transcriptome of juvenile hybrid groupers (Epinephelus fuscoguttatusâ × Epinephelus polyphekadionâ). Four experimental diets supplemented with 0 (SL0), 0.4 (L1), 0.6 (L2), and 1.2 (L3) g/kg α-LA were formulated and fed to three replicates of juvenile hybrid grouper (24.06 ± 0.15 g) for 56 d. The results indicated that dietary 0.4 and 0.6 g/kg α-LA significantly decreased the weight gain rate in juvenile hybrid groupers. Compared with SL0, the content of total protein in the serum of L1, L2, and L3 increased significantly, and alanine aminotransferase decreased significantly. The content of albumin in the serum of L3 increased significantly, and triglyceride, total cholesterol, and aspartate aminotransferase decreased significantly. In addition, the hepatocyte morphology in L1, L2, and L3 all showed varying degrees of improvement, and the activities of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in the liver of L2 and L3 were significantly increased. A total of 42 differentially expressed genes were screened in the transcriptome data. KEGG showed that a total of 12 pathways were significantly enriched, including the pathway related to immune function and glucose homeostasis. The expression of genes (ifnk, prl4a1, prl3b1, and ctsl) related to immune were significantly up-regulated, and the expressions of gapdh and eno1 genes related to glucose homeostasis were significantly down-regulated and up-regulated, respectively. In summary, dietary supplementation of 0.4 and 0.6 g/kg α-LA inhibited the growth performance of juvenile hybrid groupers. A total of 1.2 g/kg α-LA could reduce the blood lipid level, improve hepatocyte damage, and increase the hepatic antioxidant enzyme activity. Dietary α-LA significantly affected the pathway related to immune function and glucose homeostasis.
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OBJECTIVES: To compare the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) with different time intervals on corticospinal excitability of the primary motor cortex (M1) and the upper limb motor function in healthy subjects and observe the after-effect rule of acupuncture. METHODS: Self-comparison before and after intervention design was adopted. Fifteen healthy subjects were included and all of them received three stages of trial observation, namely EA0 group (received one session of EA), EA6h group (received two sessions of EA within 1 day, with an interval of 6 h) and EA48h group (received two sessions of EA within 3 days, with an interval of 48 h). The washout period among stages was 1 week. In each group, the needles were inserted perpendicularly at Hegu (LI 4) on the left side, 23 mm in depth and at a non-acupoint, 0.5 cm nearby to the left side of Hegu (LI 4), separately. Han's acupoint nerve stimulator (HANS-200A) was attached to these two needles, with continuous wave and the frequency of 2 Hz. The stimulation intensity was exerted higher than the exercise threshold (local muscle twitching was visible, and pain was tolerable by healthy subjects, 1-2 mA ). The needles were retained for 30 min. Using the single pulse mode of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) technique, before the first session of EA (T0) and at the moment (T1), in 2 h (T2) and 24 h (T3) after the end of the last session of EA, on the left first dorsal interosseous muscle, the amplitude, latency (LAT), resting motor threshold (rMT) of motor evoked potentials (MEPs) and the completion time of grooved pegboard test (GPT) were detected. Besides, in the EA6h group, TMS was adopted to detect the excitability of M1 (amplitude, LAT and rMT of MEPs) before the last session of EA (T0*). RESULTS: The amplitude of MEPs at T1 and T2 in the EA0 group, at T0* in the EA6h group and at T1, T2 and T3 in the EA48h group was higher when compared with the value at T0 in each group separately (P<0.001). At T1, the amplitude of MEPs in the EA0 group and the EA48h group was higher than that in the EA6h group (P<0.001, P<0.01); at T2, it was higher in the EA0 group when compared with that in the EA6h group (P<0.01); at T3, the amplitude in the EA0 group and the EA6h group was lower than that of the EA48h group (P<0.001). The LAT at T1 was shorter than that at T0 in the three groups (P<0.05), and the changes were not obvious at the rest time points compared with that at T0 (P > 0.05). The GPT completion time of healthy subjects in the EA0 group and the EA48h group at T1, T2 and T3 was reduced in comparison with that at T0 (P<0.001). The completion time at T3 was shorter than that at T0 in the EA6h group (P<0.05); at T2, it was reduced in the EA48h group when compared with that of the EA6h group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in rMT among the three groups and within each group (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Under physiological conditions, EA has obvious after-effect on corticospinal excitability and upper limb motor function. The short-term interval protocol (6 h) blocks the after-effect of EA to a certain extent, while the long-term interval protocol (48 h) prolongs the after-effect of EA.
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Electroacupuntura , Corteza Motora , Humanos , Corteza Motora/fisiología , Estimulación Magnética Transcraneal/métodos , Extremidad Superior , Ejercicio Físico , Músculo Esquelético/fisiologíaRESUMEN
Against tumor-dependent metabolic vulnerability is an attractive strategy for tumor-targeted therapy. However, metabolic inhibitors are limited by the drug resistance of cancerous cells due to their metabolic plasticity and heterogeneity. Herein, choline metabolism was discovered by spatially resolved metabolomics analysis as metabolic vulnerability which is highly active in different cancer types, and a choline-modified strategy for small molecule-drug conjugates (SMDCs) design was developed to fool tumor cells into indiscriminately taking in choline-modified chemotherapy drugs for targeted cancer therapy, instead of directly inhibiting choline metabolism. As a proof-of-concept, choline-modified SMDCs were designed, screened, and investigated for their druggability in vitro and in vivo. This strategy improved tumor targeting, preserved tumor inhibition and reduced toxicity of paclitaxel, through targeted drug delivery to tumor by highly expressed choline transporters, and site-specific release by carboxylesterase. This study expands the strategy of targeting metabolic vulnerability and provides new ideas of developing SMDCs for precise cancer therapy.
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INTRODUCTION: Allergic rhinitis is a global health problem that can potentially be managed through acupressure. Our clinical observations have identified Allergic Rhinitis Acupressure Therapeutic (ARAT) as a novel acupressure treatment acting on specific acupoints, which may enhance the effectiveness of acupressure. Therefore, we propose a three-arm randomized controlled trial will be conducted to investigate the efficacy and safety of ARAT for perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR). METHODS/DESIGN: In this trial, eligible 111 participants diagnosed with PAR will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: the ARAT group, the non-specific acupoints group, or the blank control group. The primary outcome will be the change in the total nasal symptom score, and the secondary outcomes will include: 1) changes in the scores of the standard version of Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (RQLQs); 2) acoustic rhinometry and anterior rhinomanometry; 3) changes in the scores of relief medication usage; 4) incidence of adverse events. Additionally, we will measure and compare the changes in cytokine levels (IL-5, IL-13, IFN-γ, and TSLP) in nasal secretions. The RQLQs and primary outcomes will be assessed at the beginning, middle, and end stages of the treatment period, with monthly follow-ups conducted over a total of three months. The secondary outcomes and biomarkers in nasal secretions will be measured at the beginning and end of the treatment period. Any adverse events or need for rescue medication will be carefully noted and recorded. DISCUSSION: This study may produce a new acupressure treatment prescription that is easy to learn, more targeted, and adaptable. This trial represents the first clinical investigation comparing ARAT treatment for PAR with the non-specific acupoints group and blank control group. Our data is expected to provide evidence demonstrating the safety and efficacy of ARAT for PAR patients, while also exploring the functional mechanism underlying ARAT treatment, moreover, the results offer valuable insights for healthcare professionals in managing PAR symptoms. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2300072292. Registered on June 08, 2023.
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Acupresión , Rinitis Alérgica , Humanos , Calidad de Vida , Mucosa Nasal , Rinitis Alérgica/terapia , Puntos de Acupuntura , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como AsuntoRESUMEN
Mapping tumor metabolic remodeling and their spatial crosstalk with surrounding non-tumor cells can fundamentally improve our understanding of tumor biology, facilitates the designing of advanced therapeutic strategies. Here, we present an integration of mass spectrometry imaging-based spatial metabolomics and lipidomics with microarray-based spatial transcriptomics to hierarchically visualize the intratumor metabolic heterogeneity and cell metabolic interactions in same gastric cancer sample. Tumor-associated metabolic reprogramming is imaged at metabolic-transcriptional levels, and maker metabolites, lipids, genes are connected in metabolic pathways and colocalized in the heterogeneous cancer tissues. Integrated data from spatial multi-omics approaches coherently identify cell types and distributions within the complex tumor microenvironment, and an immune cell-dominated "tumor-normal interface" region where tumor cells contact adjacent tissues are characterized with distinct transcriptional signatures and significant immunometabolic alterations. Our approach for mapping tissue molecular architecture provides highly integrated picture of intratumor heterogeneity, and transform the understanding of cancer metabolism at systemic level.
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Neoplasias Gástricas , Humanos , Neoplasias Gástricas/genética , Multiómica , Metabolómica/métodos , Espectrometría de Masas , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Microambiente TumoralRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Femoral hernias are less common than inguinal hernias. The use of preformed mesh to repair femoral hernias without tension has become increasingly common. We sought to investigate the safety and feasibility of repairing femoral hernias with a Prolene 3-dimentional (3-D) patch using a femoris approach. METHODS: We identified all consecutive patients with femoral hernias treated at our centre with a Prolene 3-D patch using a femoris approach in our institution over a 5-year period (2004-2009). We assessed duration of surgery, length of stay in hospital, recurrence, postoperative pain and complications. RESULTS: We repaired 73 hernias with this technique during the study period. The mean duration of surgery was 13.1 minutes, most patients were discharged in less than 24 hours, no recurrence was noted, and only minor complications occurred. CONCLUSION: This technique has not only the same advantage of other tension-free repairs, but also the advantages of convenience and shorter duration of surgery.
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Hernia Femoral/cirugía , Implantación de Prótesis , Adulto , Anciano , Materiales Biocompatibles , Estudios de Factibilidad , Femenino , Hernia Femoral/prevención & control , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Mínimamente Invasivos , Polipropilenos , Prótesis e Implantes , Prevención Secundaria , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The incidence of colorectal cancer in humans is high, and it is in the top five for cancer-related morbidity and mortality. It is one of the main threats to human health. The function of long noncoding RNAs in tumor occurrence and development has gradually gained attention in recent years. In increasing numbers of studies, researchers have demonstrated that it plays an important role in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer. AIM: To find out if long noncoding RNA RP5-881L22.5 played a role in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer in relation to the tumor microenvironment. METHODS: We analyzed the transcriptome data and clinical data in The Cancer Genome Atlas-colon adenocarcinoma. The CIRBERSORT algorithm was applied to evaluate these tumor-infiltrating immune cells in The Cancer Genome Atlas-colon adenocarcinoma cancer tissue samples. Using the "estimate" package in R, we assessed the tumor immune microenvironment. The expression level of RP5-881L22.5 in tumor tissue and adjacent normal tissue samples from 4 pairs of colorectal cancer patients was determined by quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Colorectal cancer cells were tested for invasiveness using a transwell invasion assay after RP5-881L22.5 expression was knocked down. RESULTS: The expression of lncRNA RP5-881L22.5 was related to the clinical characteristics of the tumors, and it was negatively related to the infiltration level of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment and the expression of T cell inhibitory receptors. A major function of its coexpressed mRNA was to regulate tumor immunity, such as the immune response. When quantitative reverse transcription PCR was performed on tumor tissues from 4 pairs of colorectal cancer patients, the results showed that RP5-881L22.5 was highly expressed. Subsequently, knocking down the expression of RP5-881L22.5, the invasiveness of colorectal cancer cell lines was reduced, and the apoptosis rate was increased. CONCLUSION: RP5-881L22.5 plays a crucial role in the microenvironment of tumors as well as in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer. The relationship between RP5-881L22.5 and the tumor immune microenvironment deserves further study.
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The brain is the most advanced organ with various complex structural and functional microregions. It is often challenging to understand what and where the molecular events would occur for a given drug treatment in the brain. Herein, a temporo-spatial pharmacometabolomics method was proposed based on ambient mass spectrometry imaging and was applied to evaluate the microregional effect of olanzapine (OLZ) on brain tissue and demonstrate its effectiveness in characterizing the microregional pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of OLZ for improved understanding of the molecular mechanism of drugs acting on the microregions of the brain. It accurately and simultaneously illustrated the levels dynamics and microregional distribution of various substances, including exogenous drugs and its metabolites, as well as endogenous functional metabolites from complicated brain tissue. The targeted imaging analysis of the prototype drug and its metabolites presented the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion characteristics of the drug itself. Moreover, the endogenous functional metabolites were identified along with the associated therapeutic and adverse effects of the drug, which can reflect the pharmacodynamics effect on the microregional brain. Therefore, this method is significant in elucidating and understanding the molecular mechanism of central nervous system drugs at the temporo and spatial metabolic level of system biology.
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BACKGROUND: In prospective experimental studies of neck pain patients, it is difficult to determine whether responses to sham acupuncture differ from responses to real acupuncture due to the heterogeneous methodologies in control/sham interventions. Here we aim to compare the specific and nonspecific effects of electroacupuncture with four types of sham acupuncture. METHODS: In this double-blind, sham-controlled study, we randomly assigned 175 patients with neck pain to receive 10 sessions of electroacupuncture, shallow puncture, nonacupoint deep puncture, nonacupoint shallow puncture, or nonpenetration acupuncture. We used the Northwick Park Neck Pain Questionnaire (NPQ) as our primary outcome, and Short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire, visual analog scale (VAS), and Pain Threshold as secondary outcomes to measure the changes from baseline to a 3-month follow up. RESULTS: All groups, except nonacupoint shallow puncture, had significant improvement in all outcome measurements. Electroacupuncture only showed superior improvements than the shallow puncture, nonacupoint shallow puncture, and nonpenetration groups when compared using the NPQ and VAS scale (*p < 0.001). Interestingly, the nonacupoint shallow puncture produced even less placebo response than nonpenetration acupuncture. CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrates the high variability of placebo response among different types of sham controls depending on the depth of needle insertion and the puncture location. An important implication of our results is nonacupoint deep puncture produced similar analgesic effects as electroacupuncture. Our study may shed a new light on the predominant underlying mechanisms among different types of sham acupuncture controls, which can help with interpreting the effect of acupuncture in other studies. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Chinese clinical trial registry (ChiCTR-IOR-15006886). SIGNIFICANCE: This study compared the observed specific and nonspecific analgesia effect in four different types of sham acupuncture stimulation with neck pain patients, assessed by four outcomes. Although all of the sham controls produced significant reduction in neck pain, electroacupuncture had superior significant improvement. Importantly, placebo responses differed significantly between the sham controls and responses were inconsistent according to different outcome assessments. This study emphasizes the importance of taking into consideration which sham control and method of outcome measurement were used in a pain research study when evaluating its results.
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Terapia por Acupuntura , Electroacupuntura , Terapia por Acupuntura/métodos , Método Doble Ciego , Electroacupuntura/métodos , Humanos , Dolor de Cuello/terapia , Efecto Placebo , Estudios Prospectivos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Hemifacial spasm (HFS) and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain are common facial diseases which cause depression, anxiety, insomnia, and poor quality of life. However, currently there are still no effective therapies to treat HFS and TMJ. Electroacupuncture (EA) has advantages of safety, rapid work, easy operation and convenience. Here, we reported a case of a 50-year-old woman who presented with irregular spasm of eyelids and facial muscles on the left side, and TMJ pain on the right side. The patient had been treated with carbamazepine (20mg per day) and alternative therapies for a year, but still not much improvement in the symptoms. The scores of the Jankovic Rating Scale (JRS), global rating scale (GRS), and visual analog scale (VAS) were 7, 60, and 7 points, respectively. The EMG test showed that the spastic side had higher R1 amplitude, longer R2 duration, and larger R2 area than the non-spasmodic side, and the occurrence rate of the lateral spread responses (LSR) in the Orbicularis oris and the Orbicularis oculi muscle was 60% and 40%, respectively. We considered this patient had left HFS and right TMJ pain. EA was successfully undertaken for two periods over 30 weeks. After EA, JRS and VAS were reduced sharply, and the symptoms of HFS were stable without recurrence. However, the frequency of the lower eyelid increased gradually during the 6-month follow-up. These findings reveal that EA with the frequency of 2 Hz and intensity of ~ 1-2 mA may be a benefit for alleviating symptoms of HFS and TMJ pain without adverse reaction. The potential mechanisms of EA in HFS and TMJ pain co-morbidity involve brain stem mechanism and DNIC mechanism for distal acupuncture and segmental mechanism for local acupuncture analgesia.
RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect of electroacupuncture (EA), motor training (MT) and EA combined with MT on motor learning and motor cortex excitability in healthy subjects, and to explore the effect of EA combined with MT on synaptic metaplasticity. METHODS: Using self-control design, 12 healthy subjects were assigned into an EA group, a motor training group (MT group) and an EA plus motor training group (EA+MT group) successively, wash-out period of at least 2 weeks was required between each group. EA was applied at left Hegu (LI 4) in the EA group for 30 min, with continuous wave, 2 Hz in frequency and 0.5-1 mA in density. Motor training of left hand was adopted in the MT group for 30 min. EA and motor training were adopted in the EA+MT group successively. The time of finishing grooved pegboard test (GPT) was observed, and the average amplitude of motor evoked potentials (MEPs), the rest motor threshold (rMT) and the latency were recorded by transcranial magnetic stimulation technique before intervention (T0), after intervention (T1) and 30 min after EA (T3) in the EA group and the EA+MT group, T0 and T1 in the MT group. RESULTS: Compared with T0, the time of finishing GPT was shortened at T1 in the MT group and at T2 in the EA group and the EA+MT group (P<0.01, P<0.05), the average amplitude of MEPs was increased at T1 in the 3 groups and at T2 in the EA group and the EA+MT group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Compared with T1, the time of finishing GPT at T2 was shortened in the EA group and the EA+MT group (P<0.05, P<0.01), the average amplitude of MEPs at T2 was increased in the EA group (P<0.05). The time of finishing GPT at T2 in the EA+MT group was shorter than the EA group (P<0.05). There were no statistical differences in rMT and latency at each time point among the 3 groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: In physiological state, electroacupuncture combined with motor training have a synergistic effect on motor learning, while have no such effect on excitability of cerebral motor cortex.