Basic Fuchsin Dye as the First Fluorophore for Optical Sensing of Morpholine in Fruits Crust and Urine Samples.

In this work, basic fuchsin (BF) dyestuff was presented as the first optical sensor used for the spectrofluorimetric assessment of morpholine (MOR) where BF exhibits morpholine-sensing behavior. The developed fluorimetric avenue is sensitive, facile, selective, and validated for assaying the sensitizing influence of MOR on the BF fluorescence in an aprotic dioxane solvent. Parameters like solvents, BF concentration, order, and time of addition that influence the fluorescence intensity of the probing system were addressed. Optimizing the analytical methodology revealed a linear fluorescence sensitization within the addition of MOR in the two concentration ranges of 5 × 10-9 to 1.0 × 10-7 mol L-1 and 2.0 × 10-7 to 3 × 10-6 mol L-1. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were estimated to be 2.0 × 10-9 mol L-1 (0.17 ng mL-1) and 6.66 × 10-9 mol L-1 (0.567 ng mL-1), respectively. High levels of accuracy and precision are achieved when assaying spiked MOR either in pure solutions or samples of fruit peel extract and human urine. Moreover, the green character and practicality/applicability of the method were evaluated by AGREE and BAGI metric tools. These merit outcomes provide insights into the development of fluorescent sensors for MOR detection using fluorescent dyes and meet the Food and Drug Administration's requirements for morpholine detection in real-life applications.

Molecular and agro-morphological characterization of new barley genotypes in arid environments.

BACKGROUND: Genetic diversity, population structure, agro-morphological traits, and molecular characteristics, are crucial for either preserving genetic resources or developing new cultivars. Due to climate change, water availability for agricultural use is progressively diminishing. This study used 100 molecular markers (25 TRAP, 22 SRAP, 23 ISTR, and 30 SSR). Additionally, 15 morphological characteristics were utilized to evaluate the optimal agronomic traits of 12 different barley genotypes under arid conditions. RESULTS: Substantial variations, ranging from significant to highly significant, were observed in the 15 agromorphological parameters evaluated among the 12 genotypes. The KSU-B101 barley genotype demonstrated superior performance in five specific traits: spike number per plant, 100-grain weight, spike number per square meter, harvest index, and grain yield. These results indicate its potential for achieving high yields in arid regions. The Sahrawy barley genotype exhibited the highest values across five parameters, namely leaf area, spike weight per plant, spike length, spike weight per square meter, and biological yield, making it a promising candidate for animal feed. The KSU-B105 genotype exhibited early maturity and a high grain count per spike, which reflects its early maturity and ability to produce a high number of grains per spike. This suggests its suitability for both animal feed and human food in arid areas. Based on marker data, the molecular study found that the similarity coefficients between the barley genotypes ranged from 0.48 to 0.80, with an average of 0.64. The dendrogram constructed from these data revealed three distinct clusters with a similarity coefficient of 0.80. Notably, the correlation between the dendrogram and its similarity matrix was high (0.903), indicating its accuracy in depicting the genetic relationships. The combined analysis revealed a moderate correlation between the morphological and molecular analysis, suggesting alignment between the two characterization methods. CONCLUSIONS: The morphological and molecular analyses of the 12 barley genotypes in this study effectively revealed the varied genetic characteristics of their agro-performance in arid conditions. KSU-B101, Sahrawy, and KSU-B105 have emerged as promising candidates for different agricultural applications in arid regions. Further research on these genotypes could reveal their full potential for breeding programs.

Tracking the therapeutic efficacy of a ketone mono ester and ß-hydroxybutyrate for ulcerative colitis in rats: New perspectives.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory condition that affects the colon's lining and increases the risk of colon cancer. Despite ongoing research, there is no identified cure for UC. The recognition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the pathogenesis of UC has gained widespread acceptance. Notably, the ketone body ß-hydroxybutyrate inhibits NLRP3 demonstrating its anti-inflammatory properties. Additionally, BD-AcAc 2 is ketone mono ester that increases ß-hydroxybutyrate blood levels. It has the potential to address the constraints associated with exogenous ß-hydroxybutyrate as a therapeutic agent, including issues related to stability and short duration of action. However, the effects of ß-hydroxybutyrate and BD-AcAc 2 on colitis have not been fully investigated. This study found that while both exogenous ß-hydroxybutyrate and BD-AcAc 2 produced the same levels of plasma ß-hydroxybutyrate, BD-AcAc 2 demonstrated superior effectiveness in mitigating dextran sodium sulfate-induced UC in rats. The mechanism of action involves modulating the NF-κB signaling, inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome, regulating antioxidant capacity, controlling tight junction protein expression and a potential to inhibit apoptosis and pyroptosis. Certainly, BD-AcAc 2's anti-inflammatory effects require more than just increasing plasma ß-hydroxybutyrate levels and other factors contribute to its efficacy. Local ketone concentrations in the gastrointestinal tract, as well as the combined effect of specific ketone bodies, are likely to have contributed to the stronger protective effect observed with ketone mono ester ingestion in our experiment. As a result, further investigations are necessary to fully understand the mechanisms of BD-AcAc 2 and optimize its use.

The Enterococcus secretome inhibits the growth of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis V853 with their antiproliferative properties and nanoencapsulation effects.

In our study, the secretome of the clinical isolate Enterococcus faecalis HY7 displayed antibacterial activity against the vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis V853. These bacteriocin-like substances showed thermal stability at a wide range of temperatures up to 121 °C, while proteinase K treatment resulted in a total loss of their activity. PCR-based screening for bacteriocin biosynthetic genes revealed that Enterococcus faecalis HY7 harbored multiple enterocin-producing genes, including ent A, avc A, and as-48. The production kinetics demonstrated the highest levels of bacteriocins production at 16 h, whereas the activity was diminished after 32 h of microbial growth. Notably, the partially purified bacteriocins exhibited anti-proliferative activity on the colon cancer cells, Caco2, with an IC50 value of 172.8 µg/mL. Remarkably, the nanoencapsulation of our bacteriocins in liposome showed a fourfold increase in its anti-vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus activity, which is the first report of liposome encapsulation with anti-vancomycin resistant Enterococcus bacteriocin.

The utility of inflammatory biomarkers in predicting overall survival and recurrence in skull base chordoma.

OBJECTIVE: Numerous studies have investigated the impact of inflammatory factors in cancer, yet few attempts have been made to investigate these markers in skull base chordoma (SBC). Inflammatory values including neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR), systemic immune inflammation index (SII), and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) can serve as prognostic markers in various cancers. This study aimed to determine whether these inflammatory factors influence overall survival (OS) or progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with primary SBC. METHODS: The electronic medical records of patients with primary SBC who underwent resection from 2001 to 2020 were retrospectively reviewed for the associations of sex, age at diagnosis, preoperative steroid use, tumor volume, extent of resection, adjuvant radiation after surgery, tumor metastasis, Ki-67 index, percent homozygous deletion of 9p23 and percent 1p36 loss, and potential prognostic inflammatory markers of NLR, PLR, LMR, SII, and SIRI with the primary outcome measures of OS and PFS. Maximum log-rank statistical tests were used to determine inflammatory marker thresholds for grouping prior to Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards analysis for OS and PFS of the elucidated groups. RESULTS: The cohort included 115 primary SBC patients. The mean ± SD tumor volume was 23.0 ± 28.0 cm3, 73% of patients received gross-total resection, 40% received postoperative radiation, 25% had local recurrence, and 6% had subsequent metastatic disease (mean follow-up 47.2 months). Univariable Cox analysis revealed that NLR (p < 0.01), PLR (p = 0.04), LMR (p = 0.04), SII (p < 0.01), and SIRI (p < 0.01) were independently associated with PFS. Additionally, NLR (p = 0.05) and SII (p = 0.03) were significant in multivariable Cox analysis of PFS. However, both univariable and multivariable Cox analysis revealed no correlations with OS. CONCLUSIONS: The routine assessment of inflammatory biomarkers such as NLR and SIRI could have prognostic value in postresection SBC patients.

Development and validation of a French questionnaire that assesses knowledge, attitude, and practices toward Marburg diseases in sub-Saharan African countries.

OBJECTIVES: Marburg virus, previously referred to as Marburg hemorrhagic fever, is a highly severe and frequently fatal illness that affects humans. This study aimed to develop and validate a French questionnaire to assess knowledge, attitude, and practice toward Marburg virus disease (FKAP-MVD). STUDY DESIGN: An anonymous online survey was used, which was distributed through various platforms and emails. Data were collected from Burkina Faso, Guinea, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and Senegal. METHODS: To conduct the study, an anonymous online survey was used, which was distributed through various platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, WhatsApp, and emails. The survey was uploaded onto a Google form to facilitate data collection. Data were collected from Burkina Faso, Guinea, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and Senegal. RESULTS: Of the total sample of 510 participants, 60.0% were male, their mean age was 28.41 ± 6.32 years, 38.0% were married, 86.6% resided in urban areas and 64.1% had a university education. The questionnaire had good internal consistency; Cronbach's alpha was 0.87. The correlation between knowledge and attitude was 0.002, the correlation between knowledge and practice was 0.204, and the correlation between practice and attitude was relatively weak and negative at -0.060. This indicates the divergent validity of the questionnaire. The KMO value of 0.91 indicates a high level of adequacy, suggesting that the data are suitable for factor analysis. The Bartlett test of Sphericity yielded an approximate χ2 value of 4016.890 with 300 degrees of freedom and a P-value of 0.0001. The confirmatory factor analysis revealed 25 questions in three domains. The normed chi-square value is 1.224. The goodness of Fit Index (GFI) is 0.902, the Comparative Fit Index (CFI) is 0.982, the Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) is 0.033, and the Root Mean Square Residual (RMR) is 0.062. These values indicate a good fit of the model to the data. CONCLUSIONS: In general, the developed questionnaire has significant potential to inform public health initiatives and interventions related to MVD.

Exploring the relationship between nursing students' knowledge and attitudes towards climate change and their psychological distress: a cross-national investigation.

BACKGROUND: Climate change poses a worldwide challenge with anticipated exacerbation in the future, resulting in irreversible consequences. Nursing students may be vulnerable to experiencing psychological effects associated with climate change. AIM: The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between nursing students' knowledge and attitudes toward climate change and their psychological distress. METHOD: This descriptive cross-sectional study recruited 377 nursing students from three universities located in Saudi Arabia, Jordan, and Egypt in the Middle East. Data collection was conducted using scales for assessing nursing students' knowledge and attitudes towards climate change and their psychological distress. Correlations were assessed and multiple regression analysis was conducted to explore the predictors of students' psychological distress. RESULTS: The current study showed that knowledge regarding climate change significantly and positively correlated to the attitude toward climate change (r = 0.213), then again, the score of psychological distress significantly and negatively correlated to the score of students' knowledge and attitude regarding climate change (r = - 0.182 and - 0.110 respectively). Regression analyses showed that academic achievement had the strongest positive impact on students' psychological distress, while knowledge regarding climate change and attitude toward climate change had negative impacts (ß = 0.381, ß=-0.205, and ß=-0.045 respectively). Moreover, knowledge and attitude regarding climate change were found to be significant predictors of students' psychological distress, collectively accounting for 18.2% of the observed variance. CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATION FOR FUTURE PRACTICE: The findings highlight the importance of incorporating climate change into nursing education programs. By enhancing nursing students' knowledge and attitudes towards climate change, there is potential to reduce their psychological distress. This study underscores the need for curriculum reforms that integrate climate change topics, aiming to foster a well-informed and resilient future nursing workforce.

Does the presence of calling relate to career success? The role of strengths use and deficit correction among nurses.

BACKGROUND: The presence of calling has been associated with beneficial outcomes for nurses, yet our understanding of these effects remains limited. Additionally, the mechanisms linking the presence of calling to these outcomes have not been well established in the nursing literature. AIM: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the presence of calling and nurses' career success, mediated by the parallel effects of strengths use and deficit correction. DESIGN: A cross-sectional design was used. METHODS: Data were collected from December 2022 to April 2023, involving 237 nurses working in six hospitals in Port Said, Egypt. The study utilized the Demographic Information Form, the Presence of Calling Scale, the Strengths Use Scale, the Deficit Correction Scale, and the Career Success Scale. Study hypotheses were evaluated using structural equation modeling. RESULTS: Presence of calling positively related to nurses' career success. Furthermore, nurses' strengths use and deficit correction played a mediating role in the relationship between the presence of calling and career success. CONCLUSION: Nurses who view their work as a calling are more inclined to utilize their strengths and address their deficits, resulting in a heightened sense of career success. IMPLICATION FOR NURSING POLICYMAKING: Emphasising that nursing is a calling should commence during the undergraduate education of nurses, and this concept should be continually cultivated by hospital administrators throughout their professional careers. This approach empowers nurses to leverage their strengths, address their deficits, and ultimately enhance their sense of success in their nursing careers.

Polycystic ovary syndrome preceding the diagnosis of acromegaly: a retrospective study in 97 reproductive-aged women.

BACKGROUND: Acromegaly is a disease of growth hormone excess that results in enlargement of extremities, abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism, and gonadal disruption. Manifestations of the disease are insidious and typically lead to a diagnostic delay of 7-10 years. Classically the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) phenotype is described in women with irregular menses, clinical or biochemical evidence of androgen excess, and/or multiple ovarian follicles on pelvic ultrasonography. Women with acromegaly may present with some or all of these symptoms. Our objective was to evaluate the prevalence of PCOS in patients with acromegaly and to determine if diagnosis of PCOS results in a delay in diagnosing acromegaly. METHODS: Using patient databases at two academic health centers, we identified 97 premenopausal women aged 18-49 years old presenting with acromegaly. Data were collected regarding pelvic sonography and reproductive history, including the diagnosis of PCOS. Patients carrying the diagnosis of PCOS before their diagnosis of acromegaly were identified and the remaining patients were screened using the Rotterdam criteria to identify additional patients meeting the criteria for PCOS prior to their diagnosis of acromegaly. RESULTS: Mean age of the population (n = 97) at the time of diagnosis of acromegaly was 33.4 ± 7.5 years (SD). Thirty-three percent of patients (n = 32) either carried a diagnosis of PCOS or met diagnostic criteria for PCOS before their diagnosis of acromegaly. In the subset of patients in whom data on symptom onset were available, those who met criteria for PCOS were diagnosed with acromegaly a median of 5 years [4, 9] after the onset of symptoms compared to 2 years [0.92, 3] (p = 0.006) in the patients who did not meet criteria for PCOS. CONCLUSIONS: Our data demonstrate a high prevalence of signs and symptoms of PCOS in reproductive-aged women with acromegaly and a longer time to diagnosis in women who meet the clinical criteria for PCOS. As screening for acromegaly is relatively simple and done with measurement of a random, non-fasting IGF-1 level that can be drawn at any time during the menstrual cycle, screening patients with PCOS for acromegaly may lessen the delay in diagnosis for reproductive-aged women with this disease.

Gamma Knife radiosurgery for meningiomas of the confluence of the falx and tentorium.

PURPOSE: Meningiomas arising from the confluence of the falx and tentorium (CFT) are a rare and challenging subset of meningiomas. Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) is well-established as a safe and effective management strategy for intracranial meningiomas, but its role in treating CFT meningiomas is not well-described. This paper reports the largest series focused exclusively on the outcomes of GKRS for CFT meningiomas. METHODS: We retrospectively identified 20 CFT meningiomas out of 2031 meningioma patients who underwent GKRS at our institution between 1987 and 2021. Tumor control, overall survival (OS), and complications were recorded and analyzed. The median tumor margin dose was 13 Gy at the 50% isodose line. The median tumor volume treated was 4.4 cc (IQR 3.5-7.7). The median patient age was 58 years (range 33-83), the median MRI surveillance duration was 59 months (IQR 34-92), and the median overall follow-up duration was 92 months (IQR 42-201). RESULTS: The local tumor control rate (PFS) at 5 and 10-years were 100% (N=10) and 83% (N=4), respectively. Eight patients had stable tumor volumes and 11 patients had regression. One patient with a twice-operated tumor had delayed progression at 7.5 years and was retreated with GKRS. No patient had adverse radiation effects during the period of MRI surveillance. The 5 and 10-year OS were 100% (N=13) and 100% (N=7), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: GKRS is a valuable therapeutic strategy for patients with newly diagnosed CFT meningiomas or progressive residual tumors after surgical resection.

Fungal infection profile in critically ill COVID-19 patients: a prospective study at a large teaching hospital in a middle-income country.

BACKGROUND: Critically ill COVID-19 patients are highly susceptible to opportunistic fungal infection due to many factors, including virus-induced immune dysregulation, host-related comorbidities, overuse and misuse of antibiotics or corticosteroids, immune modulator drugs, and the emergencies caused by the pandemic. This study aimed to assess the incidence, identify the potential risk factors, and examine the impact of fungal coinfection on the outcomes of COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). METHODS: A prospective cohort study including 253 critically ill COVID-19 patients aged 18 years or older admitted to the isolation ICU of Zagazig University Hospitals over a 4-month period from May 2021 to August 2021 was conducted. The detection of a fungal infection was carried out. RESULTS: Eighty-three (83) patients (32.8%) were diagnosed with a fungal coinfection. Candida was the most frequently isolated fungus in 61 (24.1%) of 253 critically ill COVID-19 patients, followed by molds, which included Aspergillus 11 (4.3%) and mucormycosis in five patients (1.97%), and six patients (2.4%) diagnosed with other rare fungi. Poor diabetic control, prolonged or high-dose steroids, and multiple comorbidities were all possible risk factors for fungal coinfection [OR (95% CI) = 10.21 (3.43-30.39), 14.1 (5.67-35.10), 14.57 (5.83-33.78), and 4.57 (1.83-14.88), respectively]. CONCLUSION: Fungal coinfection is a common complication of critically ill COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU. Candidiasis, aspergillosis, and mucormycosis are the most common COVID-19-associated fungal infections and have a great impact on mortality rates.

Urinary BLACAT1 as a non-invasive biomarker for bladder cancer.

BACKGROUND: Bladder cancer (BC) is recorded as the fifth most common cancer worldwide with high morbidity and mortality. The most urgent problem in BCs is the high recurrence rate as two-thirds of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) will develop into muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), which retains a feature of rapid progress and metastasis. In addition, only a limited number of biomarkers are available for diagnosing BC compared to other cancers. Hence, finding sensitive and specific biomarkers for predicting the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with BC is critically needed. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the expression and clinical significance of urinary lncRNA BLACAT1 as a non-invasively diagnostic and prognostic biomarker to detect and differentiate BCs stages. METHODS AND RESULTS: The expression levels of urinary BLACAT1 were detected by qRT-PCR assay in seventy (70) BC patients with different TNM grades (T0-T3) and twelve (12) healthy subjects as control. BLACAT1 was downregulated in superficial stages (T0 = 0.09 ± 0.02 and T1 = 0.5 ± 0.1) compared to healthy control. Furthermore, in the invasive stages, its levels started to elevate in the T2 stage (1.2 ± 0. 2), and higher levels were detected in the T3 stage with a mean value of (5.2 ± 0.6). This elevation was positively correlated with disease progression. Therefore, BLACAT1 can differentiate between metastatic and non-metastatic stages of BCs. Furthermore, its predictive values are not like to be influenced by schistosomal infection. CONCLUSIONS: Upregulation of BLACAT1 in invasive stages predicted an unfavorable prognosis for patients with BCs, as it contributes to the migration and metastasis of BCs. Therefore, we can conclude that urinary BLACAT1 may be considered a non-invasive promising metastatic biomarker for BCs.

Occurrence and genotyping of Theileria equi in dogs and associated ticks in Egypt.

Theileriosis is a tick-borne protozoal disease caused by a piroplasm of the genus Theileria. Hard ticks are obligate hematophagous ectoparasites that serve as vectors of Theileria spp. Studies of the presence of theileriosis in Egyptian dogs and associated ticks are scarce. This study was conducted to detect and identify Theileria spp. in dogs and Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks and to monitor the epidemiological data of this disease. The prevalence rates of Theileria equi infection were 12.02%, 0.73%, 2.93%, and 1.83% by microscopic examination of dog blood, tick hemolymph, tick midgut, and tick salivary smears, respectively. Conversely, the T. equi prevalence in dog blood and associated ticks assessed by PCR was 25.81% and 10.42%, respectively. Epidemiological data about Theileria infection revealed a significant difference in the infection between different seasons and different dog breeds (p value <0.05), whereas host, sex, and age of dogs had no significant effect on the infection. Sequencing of PCR products showed that all PCR positive samples were infected with T. equi. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) described the different stages of Theileria in the midgut and salivary gland of infected ticks. The current study confirmed that T. equi is not specific to equine hosts, and confirmed that dogs are a susceptible host to T. equi.

Maternal Interleukin-17 and disease activity influence pregnancy outcomes in women with psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed in this study to evaluate the impact of maternal interleukin -17A and the activity of the illness on pregnancy outcomes in Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients. METHODS: This prospective cohort research was carried out on 48 Psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis pregnant women attending the inpatient and outpatient clinics of the Rheumatology & Rehabilitation and Obstetrics & Gynecology Departments, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University Hospitals in Egypt and 30 apparently healthy age- and sex-matched pregnant women between January 1,2018, and December 31, 2019. RESULTS: The study group patients had a higher risk of preterm labour (32-36 weeks gestation) (aRR 1.80, 95% CI 0.79-4.17), oligohydramnios (aRR 3.15, 95% CI 1.26-8.42), Caesarean delivery (aRR 1.57, 95% CI 1.41-2.68), and delivering infants small for gestational age (aRR 7.04, 95% CI 2.36-12.42). There was significant difference between the control group and the study groups regarding the level of IL-17A. CONCLUSION: Many females with PsA and AS have uninhibited pregnancy with regard to adverse events, but in comparison with normal pregnancies particularly with high IL-17A during the third trimester we noticed a growing risk of preterm labour, oligohydramnios and cesarean section. Further studies are needed to evaluate high maternal IL-17A levels and fetal outcomes.

Agminated Halo Nevus: A Novel Presentation.

ABSTRACT: Halo nevus is a benign type of melanocytic nevi commonly found in children and manifests as a central pigmented part surrounded by a well-defined hypopigmented area. Halo nevi are commonly located on the trunk. The central nevus may show partial or complete regression, whereas the associated halo may persist or enlarge. The term 'agminated nevus' refers to a cluster of melanocytic nevi restricted to an area of the body and commonly reported with acquired melanocytic nevi, blue nevi, and Spitz nevi. To the best of our knowledge, agminated halo nevus has not been previously described. We hereby report 2 cases with clinical and histopathologic findings consistent with the diagnosis of agminated halo nevus.

Dienogest versus norethisterone acetate in management of endometrial hyperplasia without atypia.

OBJECTIVES: To compare the effectiveness of dienogest (DIE) and norethisterone acetate (NETA) regimens in the treatment of endometrial hyperplasia (EH) without atypia. METHODS: Participants were premenopausal women with irregular uterine bleeding, and endometrial hyperplasia without atypia on endometrial biopsy. Enrolled patients were randomly allocated into two groups: group I got DIE 2 mg/day (orally Visanne) for 14 days (10th to the 25th day of cycle) while group II received between the 16th and 25th day of the cycle, norethisterone acetate (NETA) 15 mg/d (orally Primolut Nor) was administered for 10 days. Both groups continued the therapy for six months. RESULTS: The DIE group showed a higher resolution (32.7%) and regression (57.7%) than NETA group (31% & 37.9%, respectively) with significant regression (p = 0.039). No progression in DIE group while four (6.9%) women in NETA group were recorded a progression to complex type without a significance. Also, NETA group showed a significant persistence rate (22.5%) than DIE group (3.8%) (p = 0.005). Also number in NETA group managed by hysterectomy with significant difference (p = 0.042). CONCLUSION: If used as first-line treatment, Dienogest produces a better rate of regression and a lower incidence of hysterectomy than Norethisterone Acetate does when used in EH without atypia.

Impact of Adipose Tissue Depot Harvesting Site on the Multilineage Induction Capacity of Male Rat Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: An In Vitro Study.

Recently, substantial attention has been paid toward adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AdMSCs) as a potential therapy in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications. Rat AdMSCs (r-AdMSCs) are frequently utilized. However, the influence of the adipose depot site on the multilineage differentiation potential of the r-AdMSCs is still ambiguous. Hence, the main objective of this study was to explore the influence of the adipose tissue harvesting location on the ability of r-AdMSCs to express the stem-cell-related markers and pluripotency genes, as well as their differentiation capacity, for the first time. Herein, we have isolated r-AdMSCs from the inguinal, epididymal, peri-renal, and back subcutaneous fats. Cells were compared in terms of their phenotype, immunophenotype, and expression of pluripotency genes using RT-PCR. Additionally, we investigated their potential for multilineage (adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic) induction using special stains confirmed by the expression of the related genes using RT-qPCR. All cells could positively express stem cell marker CD 90 and CD 105 with no significant in-between differences. However, they did not express the hematopoietic markers as CD 34 and CD 45. All cells could be induced successfully. However, epididymal and inguinal cells presented the highest capacity for adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation (21.36-fold and 11.63-fold for OPN, 29.69-fold and 26.68-fold for BMP2, and 37.67-fold and 22.35-fold for BSP, respectively, in epididymal and inguinal cells (p < 0.0001)). On the contrary, the subcutaneous cells exhibited a superior potential for chondrogenesis over the other sites (8.9-fold for CHM1 and 5.93-fold for ACAN, (p < 0.0001)). In conclusion, the adipose tissue harvesting site could influence the differentiation capacity of the isolated AdMSCs. To enhance the results of their employment in various regenerative cell-based therapies, it is thus vital to take the collection site selection into consideration.

Frequency, characteristics, and predictors of headache attributed to acute ischemic stroke.

OBJECTIVES: Although headache is a common symptom in acute ischemic stroke, the clinical and radiological factors associated with its occurrence are controversial. This work aimed to determine the frequency, characteristics, and predictors of headache occurrence among patients with acute ischemic stroke. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 303 patients with acute ischemic stroke. The patients were submitted to detailed history taking, clinical and radiological assessment. A detailed analysis of headache was performed for the patients who experienced headache temporally related to stroke onset. RESULTS: Diagnosis of headache attributed to the ischemic stroke was established in 129 (42.6%) patients; sentinel headache in 17.2% of patients, and headache at stroke onset in 25.4% of patients. The headache group had a significantly younger age (P=0.017), lower NIHSS score (P=0.042), higher frequency of pre-existing headache disorders (P=0.001), substance use disorder (P=0.021), and fever (P=0.036), and lower frequency of chronic hypertension (P=0.013) and small vessel disease (P=0.004) than non-headache group. Infarction involving posterior circulation was more frequent in headache than in non-headache groups (P=0.003). The presence of migraine, tension-type headache, other types of headache, fever and posterior circulation stroke increased the odds of headache by 27.4 (95%CI=8.0-94.4), 7.6 (95%CI=3.93-14.6), 26.2 (95%CI=8.0-85.8), 3.75 (95%CI=1.22-11.6) and 3.15 (95%CI=1.65-6.0) times, respectively, whereas, the presence of small vessel disease decreased the odds of headache by 0.51 (95%CI=0.279-0.95) times. CONCLUSION: Pre-existing headache disorder, fever, and posterior circulation stroke were associated with headache occurrence in acute ischemic stroke patients.

Non-operative management of umbilical pilonidal sinus: One more step towards ideal therapy.

There are controversies regarding the management of umbilical pilonidal sinuses. The current study aims to report on the efficacy of a non-operative, umbilical conserving procedure in the treatment of umbilical pilonidal sinus. This is a prospective, single cohort study. The cases were managed in a single private practice center. Patients were assessed and managed throughout the previous nine years (from January 2013 to June 2022). The required information was obtained from the center's medical database. The current study included 114 patients. There were 82 (71.9%) male patients. The patients' ages varied from 14 to 56 years (mean = 23.24). The umbilicus was retracted under local anesthesia. The sinuses were cleaned with povidone-iodine. Following the drying of the cavity, the mixture was put in the umbilicus, and the area was dressed. The amount of mixture was determined by the size of the cavity. Following treatment, the patients were directly discharged home with instructions to remove all hair from the chest and abdomen and keep the dressing dry for three days. After three days, the patients were advised to use a clean cotton swab to remove the injected mixture. Recurrence was reported in 5 cases (4.4%). The current technique might be used effectively in the treatment of umbilical pilonidal sinus. It is an umbilical preserving technique with a minimal recurrence rate.

Telocytes in Cutaneous Biology: A Reappraisal.

The telocytes (TCs) are novel interstitial cells that have been overlooked for a long time due to their histologic similarity to other stromal cells. TCs can be separated from the stromal cells based on their distinct immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, and molecular features. Functionally, TCs are involved in the tissue renewal, mechanical support, and immune modulation. These cells are also involved in the signal transduction either through their direct interactions with the neighboring cells or through the paracrine signaling via extracellular vesicles. TCs are damaged in several inflammatory and fibrotic conditions such as ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, hepatic fibrosis, psoriasis, and systemic sclerosis. The transplantation of TCs in the damaged tissue can promote tissue regeneration. Therefore, enhancing tissue TCs either by their transplantation or by promoting their survival and growth using novel medications represents novel therapeutic strategy in the future. In this review, we addressed several aspects of TCs including their origin, distribution, morphologic features, and functions. We also discussed their involvement of the cutaneous TCs in the development various pathologic conditions.