RESUMEN
To determine the prevalence and clinical characteristics of patients with in Japan, we conducted a nationwide survey of primary immunodeficiency disease (PID) patients for the first time in 30 years. Questionnaires were sent to 1,224 pediatric departments and 1,670 internal medicine departments of Japanese hospitals. A total of 1,240 patients were registered. The estimated number of patients with PID was 2,900 with a prevalence of 2.3 per 100,000 people and homogenous regional distribution in Japan. The male-to-female ratio was 2.3:1 with a median age of 12.8 years. Adolescents or adults constituted 42.8% of the patients. A number of 25 (2.7%) and 78 (8.5%) patients developed malignant disorders and immune-related diseases, respectively, as complications of primary immunodeficiency disease. Close monitoring and appropriate management for these complications in addition to prevention of infectious diseases is important for improving the quality of life of PID patients.
Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos/metabolismo , Síndromes de Inmunodeficiencia/epidemiología , Síndromes de Inmunodeficiencia/fisiopatología , Fagocitos/metabolismo , Adolescente , Agammaglobulinemia Tirosina Quinasa , Anticuerpos/genética , Anticuerpos/inmunología , Autoinmunidad/genética , Niño , Femenino , Encuestas Epidemiológicas , Humanos , Inmunoglobulina A/genética , Síndromes de Inmunodeficiencia/genética , Síndromes de Inmunodeficiencia/inmunología , Japón/epidemiología , Masculino , Fagocitos/inmunología , Fagocitos/patología , Prevalencia , Proteínas Tirosina Quinasas/genética , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
A route navigation method for a mobile robot with an omnidirectional image sensor is described. The route is memorized from a series of consecutive omnidirectional images of the horizon when the robot moves to its goal. While the robot is navigating to the goal point, input is matched against the memorized spatio-temporal route pattern by using dual active contour models and the exact robot position and orientation is estimated from the converged shape of the active contour models.