[Effects of CAAP1 on Proliferation, Migration and Invasion of Hepatoma Cell Line SMMC-7721].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of caspase activity and apoptosis inhibitor 1 (CAAP1) on the proliferation, migration and invasion of hepatoma cell SMMC-7721. METHODS: pcDNA3/ CAAP1, the overexpression vector of CAAP1, and pSilencer 2.1-U6 neo/shR- CAAP1, the knockdown vector, were constructed and examined. The experiment included 4 groups of SMMC-7721 cells, pcDNA3/ CAAP1 group, pcDNA3 control group, shR- CAAP1 group and pSilencer control group. After the SMMC-7721 cells were cultured, the overexpression vector pcDNA3/ CAAP1 (the pcDNA3/ CAAP1 group), knockdown vector shR- CAAP1 (the shR- CAAP1 group) and their controls (pcDNA3 control group and pSilencer control group) were transfected into SMMC-7721 cells respectively, and the follow-up experiments were carried out 48 h later. The mRNA expression of CAAP1 in each group was examined with qRT-PCR. The protein expression level of CAAP1 and cleaved Caspase-3 were checked with Western blot. The proliferation of cells was examined with CCK-8. The colony formation ability and the motility of cells in each group were assessed with colony formation assay and wound-healing assay, respectively. The migration and invasion of cells were examined with Transwell cell chamber and the apoptosis of cells was examined with flow cytometry. The data of 75 patients with low expression of CAAP1 and 295 patients with high expression of CAAP1 were downloaded from TCGA database and the data of 48 months follow-up were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to compare the correlation between different levels of CAAP1 expression and overall survival (OS) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. RESULTS: Double enzyme digestion analysis showed that the overexpression vector pcDNA3/ CAAP1 and knockdown vector shR- CAAP1 were constructed successfully. qRT-PCR and Western blot results showed that pcDNA3/ CAAP1 increased the mRNA and protein expression level of CAAP1 in SMMC-7721 cells (in comparison with the pcDNA3 control group, P<0.05), while shR- CAAP1 decreased the mRNA and protein expression of CAAP1 (in comparison with the pSilencer control group, P<0.05). Compared with pcDNA3 control group, the proliferation, colony formation ability, motility, migration and invasion of SMMC-7721 cells in the pcDNA3/ CAAP1 group were increased, while the apoptosis of SMMC-7721 cells was inhibited (all P<0.05). Compared with the pSilencer control group, the proliferation, colony formation ability, motility, migration and invasion ability of SMMC-7721 cells in the shR- CAAP1 group decreased, while the apoptosis increased (all P<0.05). TCGA database analysis showed that HCC patients with low CAAP1 expression had better OS than that of HCC patients with high CAAP1 expression. CONCLUSION: CAAP1 can promote the proliferation, migration and invasion of SMMC-7721 cells while it inhibit their apoptosis.

Comparative genomics and transcriptome analysis reveals potential pathogenic mechanisms of Microdochium paspali on seashore paspalum.

The sparse leaf patch of seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum Sw.) caused by Microdochium paspali seriously impacts the landscape value of turf and poses a challenge to the maintenance and management of golf courses. Little is known about the genome of M. paspali or the potential genes underlying pathogenicity. In this study, we present a high-quality genome assembly of M. paspali with 14 contigs using the Nanopore and Illumina platform. The M. paspali genome is roughly 37.32 Mb in size and contains 10,365 putative protein-coding genes. These encompass a total of 3,830 pathogen-host interactions (PHI) genes, 481 carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) coding genes, 105 effectors, and 50 secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters (SMGCs) predicted to be associated with pathogenicity. Comparative genomic analysis suggests M. paspali has 672 species-specific genes (SSGs) compared to two previously sequenced non-pathogenic Microdochium species, including 24 species-specific gene clusters (SSGCs). Comparative transcriptomic analyses reveal that 739 PHIs, 198 CAZymes, 40 effectors, 21 SMGCs, 213 SSGs, and 4 SSGCs were significantly up-regulated during the process of infection. In conclusion, the study enriches the genomic resources of Microdochium species and provides a valuable resource to characterize the pathogenic mechanisms of M. paspali.

Association of MTHFR Polymorphisms with H-Type Hypertension: A Systemic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Diagnostic Test Accuracy.

Purpose: An association between MTHFR polymorphisms and H-type hypertension (H-HTN) has been investigated by epidemiological studies, but results have been inconsistent. Thus, a systematic assessment of the association was performed based on a literature review and pooled analysis, to provide stronger evidence on the effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms on H-HTN risk. Methods: Three investigators independently retrieved relevant studies in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), Wanfang Database, and China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM). A fixed or random effects model was selected to calculate pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A network meta-analysis of diagnostic test and Thakkinstian's algorithm were used to select the most appropriate genetic model, along with false-positive report probability (FPRP) for noteworthy associations. All data were processed using Stata 15.0 and Meta-Disc. Results: A total of 14 studies involving 1759 cases and 1581 controls for MTHFR were included in our meta-analysis. In a direct meta-analysis, we found that MTHFR C667T rs1801133 significantly increased the risk of H-HTN susceptibility except for an overdominant model. However, MTHFR A1298C rs1801131 polymorphism had no significant correlation with H-HTN risk. Besides, MTHFR C667T rs1801133 is a potential diagnostic biomarker for estimating H-HTN risk. The results indicated that the dominant model was an optimal diagnosis model for excluding diseases, which could reduce a missed diagnosis rate and further improve the accuracy of disease diagnosis. Conclusion: The present result suggests that MTHFR C667T rs1801133 polymorphism is associated with H-HTN risk and may act as a promising predictive biomarker for H-HTN risk. However, further well-designed studies are warranted to confirm these results.

Tianma Gouteng Decoction combined with Qiju Dihuang Pill for the treatment of essential hypertension: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Essential hypertension is one of the risk factors of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, which can cause target organ damage such as heart, brain and kidney, and has extremely high disability rate and death rate. With the development of economy and society, the prevalence rate of hypertension in China has increased rapidly from 9.8% in the 1980s to over 30% in the 21st century. According to the data published in "China Cardiovascular Disease Report 2018," China currently has 245 million hypertension patients. Comprehensive prevention and treatment of hypertension has become one of the major public health problems in China. The clinical practice and theoretical innovation of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of hypertension have been carried out for decades. Relevant literature points out that Tianma Gouteng Decoction combined with Qiju Dihuang Pill has ideal effect in the treatment of primary hypertension. However, most of the literatures are small sample studies, with uneven quality and clinical evidence, and lack of evidence-based medical evidence for clinical efficacy. Therefore, this study makes further meta-analysis of Tianma Gouteng Decoction combined with Qiju Dihuang Pill in the treatment of primary hypertension, with a view to providing evidence-based medical evidence for the treatment of primary hypertension. METHODS: We will search 3 foreign electronic databases (Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed) and 4 Chinese electronic databases (China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WangFang Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and Chinese Scientific Journal Database) to collect potential systematic reviews from their inceptions to February 2020. The language of publication is limited to Chinese or English. First, the quality of randomized controlled trials documents included in this study was evaluated by using the improved Jadad scoring scale. Then, the 2 researchers conducted the evaluation independently according to Cochrane bias risk tools. The evidence level of the results will be evaluated by using the recommended evaluation, development and evaluation grading of recommendations assessment, development, and evaluation method. Statistical analysis will be conducted using Revman 5.3. RESULTS: The results of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. CONCLUSIONS: The conclusion of this study will provide evidence for the efficacy of Tianma Gouteng Decoction combined with Qiju Dihuang Pills in the treatment of primary hypertension due to the efficacy of western medicine alone in treating primary hypertension. REGISTRATION NUMBER PROSPERO: INPLASY202050088.

A comprehensive evaluation of association between homocysteine levels and single nucleotide polymorphisms with hypertension risk: A protocol of systematic review and network meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: According to the relevant reports that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) may contribute to change of homocysteine (HCY) levels and increase the risk of hypertension (HTN). During the inconsistent results, this meta-analysis purpose is systematically review and synthesized relevant data on HCY levels and SNPs in HTN. METHODS: The systematic search database, from the following database to find out the association studies of SNPs and HTN publications up until March 2020 from the databases of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), the Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database (VIP) and Wan fang databases, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM). Network meta-analysis and Thakkinstian's algorithm were used to select the most appropriate genetic model, along with false positive report probability (FPRP) for noteworthy associations. All statistical analyses were calculated with STATA software (version 14.0; StataCorp, College Station, TX). RESULTS: This meta-analysis will provide high-quality evidence to the effects of SNP on HTN and levels of HCY, and find between SNPs and HTN susceptibility on in all the genetic models, and choose the best one. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis will research which SNP is the most correlated with HTN risk. REGISTRATION: INPLASY202050002.

Quercetin for myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: At present, there is no effective therapy for preventing myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI), and it is inevitable. The methods how to effectively decrease MIRI have attracted the attention of medical researches in recent years. Quercetin is a part of natural flavonoids in plant polyphenols. Many studies have found that quercetin has a positive effect on MIRI. METHODS: In order to clarify the effectiveness and potential mechanisms of quercetin for MIRI animals, we searched for animal studies of quercetin for MIRI in Wanfang data Information, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP information database, China Biology Medicine disc, EMBASE, PubMed, and Web of Science. Participant intervention comparator outcomes of this study are as flowing: P, rats in MIRI; I, received quercetin treatment merely; C, received only vehicle or no treatment; O, Main outcomes are myocardial infarction size and markers of myocardial injury. Additional outcomes are serum indices or protein levels tied to the mechanisms of quercetin in myocardial l/R injury. Review Manager 5.2 software and Stata14.0 will be used for data analysis. SYRCLE's risk of bias tool will be used for risk of bias analysis of animal studies. DISCUSSION: This preclinical systematic review and meta-analysis will evaluate the effects and mechanisms of quercetin for MIRI animals, and provide more evidence-based guidance for transforming basic research into clinical treatment. TRIAL REGISTRATION: INPLASY202050067, registered on 16/5/2020.

Traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis of overview.

BACKGROUND: Since December 2019, there have been many cases of viral pneumonia of unknown causes in Wuhan City, Hubei Province. During the period of novel coronavirus, according to the observation of limited autopsy and biopsy pathological results, pulmonary interstitial fibrosis appeared in some pathological changes of lung. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive interstitial pneumonia with unknown etiology and pathological changes limited to the lung. At present, there is still a lack of reevaluation of systematic evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine treatment IPF. Therefore, a systematic re-evaluation of the systematic evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis may help to understand the effective treatment scheme of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis and provide more reliable evidence for the first-line clinicians to treat novel coronavirus. METHODS: We will search 3 foreign electronic databases (Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed) and 4 Chinese electronic databases (China National Knowledge Infrastructure [CNKI], WangFang Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database [CBM], and Chinese Scientific Journal Database [VIP]) to collect potential systematic reviews from their inceptions to February 2020. The language of publication is limited to Chinese or English. We will consider SRs and meta-analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine for the Treatment of pulmonary fibrosis. Two reviewers will identify relevant studies, and then assess the methodological quality by assessment of multiple systematic reviews-2 tool. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) report checklist to assess the quality of reports included in the study. In order to better evaluate the systematic evaluation included in this research, risk of bias in systematic review tool is included in this research to evaluate the methodological quality. The quality of evidence of the included systematic reviews was assessed by the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. The Primary outcomes include: Clinical total effective rate, curative effect of TCM symptoms, pulmonary function and blood gas analysis. RESULTS: The results of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. CONCLUSIONS: We expect to obtain reliable evidence from systematic analysis of traditional Chinese medicine treatment of pulmonary fibrosis in an available and useful document. REGISTRATION NUMBER: INPLASY202060029.