RESUMEN
The value of a semiconductor's diode temperature determines the correct operation of this element and its useful lifetime. One of the methods for determining the die temperature of a semiconductor diode is through the use of indirect thermographic measurements. The accuracy of the thermographic temperature measurement of the diode case depends on the prevailing conditions. The temperature of the mold body (the black part of the diode case made of epoxy resin) depends on the place of measurement. The temperature of the place above the die is closer to the die temperature than the temperature of mold body fragments above the base plate. In addition, the difficulty of its thermographic temperature measurement increases when the surface whose temperature is being measured is in motion. Then, the temperature measured by thermography may not apply to the warmest point in the case where the die temperature is determined. Information about the difference between temperatures of the different parts of the mold body and the die may be important. For this reason, it was decided to check how much the temperature measurement error of the die diode changes if the temperature of the diode case is not measured at the point that is above the die.
RESUMEN
Context: Kinesio taping® (KT) is a therapeutic modality frequently used in the clinical practice for the treatment of various musculoskeletal disorders. It is often applied in patients with chronic low back pain to decrease pain and improve functional capacity. However, it is not known, whether thoracolumbar fascia KT technique can decrease back pain, restore normal activity of paraspinal muscles, and improve functional capacity in patients with lumbar disk herniation (LDH). Objective: To evaluate the impact of 7-day new KT stabilizing application on lumbar paraspinal muscles function, pain perception, and disability in patients with LDH. Design: A randomized controlled trial. Setting: Human Performance Laboratory. Patients: A number of 38 patients with LDH were randomized into KT (n = 19) and placebo taping (n = 19) groups. Interventions: Both groups received the same "x" type application running over the back along fibers of superficial lamina of the posterior layer of thoracolumbar fascia. Main Outcome Measures: The primary outcome measures were flexion-relaxation and extension-relaxation ratios calculated from electromyographic activity of lumbar multifidus and longissimus thoracic muscles. Pain intensity rating (Quadruple Visual Analogue Scale), pressure pain thresholds of the lower back, Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire score, back extension force, and flexion range of motion (ROM) were among secondary outcomes. Results: KT application did not affect the lumbar multifidus and longissimus thoracic muscles flexion-relaxation and extension-relaxation ratios, lower back pressure pain thresholds, back flexion ROM, and back extension force (no group × time interaction [GTI]). KT and placebo taping comparably decreased disability level (time effect: F1,36 = 22.817, P < .001; GTI: F1,36 = 0.189, P = .67), average pain (time effect: F1,36 =39.648, P < .001; GTI: F1,36 = 2.553, P = .12), and the worst pain (time effect: F1,36 = 36.039, P < .001; GTI: F1,36 = 0.003, P = .96) intensity. Conclusion: Seven-day KT does not normalize lumbar paraspinal muscle function and is not superior to placebo in reducing disability and pain intensity in patients with LDH.