The value of standardized patient simulation combined with OSCE model in clinical undergraduate teaching / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To study the value of standardized patient simulation combined with objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) in clinical undergraduate teaching.Methods:A total of 114 medical undergraduates who were interned in our hospital from January 2018 to January 2020 were selected as the research objects. All the students were randomly divided into observation group ( n=57) and control group ( n=57). Other undergraduate students were recruited as standardized patients and trained; students in the observation group were given standardized patient simulation teaching, while patients in the control group were given traditional teaching methods; experienced teachers prepared test questions and developed unified scoring standards, and OSCE model was adopted to assess the two groups. The scores of theory, medical history, humanistic communication, rehabilitation thinking, practical skills and total scores of the two groups were recorded. The evaluation of standardized patient simulation by 57 undergraduates and the evaluation of OSCE model by 114 undergraduates in the observation group were recorded. SPSS 22.0 statistical software was used for t test. Results:After teaching, the scores of medical history, humanistic communication, rehabilitation thinking and practical skills in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group ( P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in theoretical scores between the two groups ( P>0.05). Before teaching, there was no significant difference in the total scores between the two groups ( P>0.05); after teaching, the total scores of the two groups were both improved, with significant differences ( P<0.05); compared with the control group, the total score of the observation group was improved higher, with significant differences ( P<0.05). All the undergraduates in the observation group thought that the standardized patient simulation teaching improved themselves, and 89.47% of the undergraduates thought that the standardized patient simulation was worth promoting in the teaching of rehabilitation and therapy. Most of the undergraduates believed that OSCE model could reflect the students' comprehensive ability better than the traditional written examination, and could improve their communication ability and practical operation ability, cultivate their high-quality rehabilitation thinking, and change their tendency to lay stress on theoretical study. And 91.23% of the undergraduates thought that OSCE model was worth promoting in the courses of rehabilitation therapy. Conclusions:Standardized patient simulation combined with OSCE model is conducive to improving the comprehensive performance of undergraduates, improving their communication ability and practical operation ability, and cultivating their high-quality rehabilitation thinking, which can be promoted in clinical undergraduate teaching.

Dermoscopy for the Diagnosis of Creeping Hair Caused by Ingrowing Hair: A Case Report

Creeping hair is a rare condition characterized by creeping eruption with a black line at the advancing end, mimicking cutaneous larva migrans. The condition is also referred to as cutaneous pili migrans, migrating hair, and embedded hair. A total of 52 cases have been reported since 1957 and most cases were published in English. Herein, we report a case in which creeping hair occurred in the iliac region and review the literature from 1957 to February 2021. A 35-year-old Chinese female presented with a black moving linear eruption that had migrated from the lower abdomen to the iliac region without causing any symptoms during a 3-year period. Cutaneous examination showed a 6.5-cm-long black linear lesion beneath the skin that was revealed to be a hair shaft. After removal of the hair, the eruption diminished and no recurrence occurred in 3 months of follow-up. The creeping hair that had migrated with its lower end forward was confirmed by observation under dematoscopy and light microscopy. A review of the literature revealed that creeping hair occurs most frequently in young and middle-aged patients and the reported cases are mainly from Asia. The top locations involve the foot. The causative hair includes head hair, beard, pubic hair, body hair, and one case of dog hair. A closeup examination and dermoscopic inspection are helpful for the diagnosis of creeping hair.

The status and influencing factors of resilience in male patients of open ocular trauma / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To investigate the level of resilience in male patients of open ocular trauma, and to analyze its related factors. Methods A cross-section study was conducted in 116 male open ocular trauma patients in Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center from November 2016 to March 2017. The patients were investigated with general situation questionnaire, Connor- Davidson Resilience Scale, Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire, and Perceived Social Support Scale. Results The Connor- Davidson Resilience Scale score of male suffers was (65.69 ± 14.31) points with the low level. The patients at their own expense, poor, with higher suffering had lower resilience score(P <0.05). Social support, avoidance was positively related with resilience(r =0.308-0.558, P <0.01), acceptance was negatively related with resilience(r=-0.385, P<0.05). Multiple liner regression analysis showed that social support, acceptance, payment were influencing factors of resilience(P<0.05). Conclusions The level of resilience is lower in male patients with open ocular trauma, and which is impacted by economic factors, social support and coping method.

The impact of anxiety and depression on quality of life in patients with uveitis / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To describe the status of anxiety and depression in patients with uveitis, and to explore the related factors of quality of life. Methods A total of 126 uveitis patients from September 2015 to March 2016 were investigated with the General Social Population Questionnaire, Life Quality for Diseases with Visual Impairment Scale, Self-rating Anxiety Scale and Beck Depression Inventory. Results There were 126 valid questionnaires, and the effective recovery rate was 96.9％(126/130). The score of Self-rating Anxiety Scale in uveitis patients was (43.49±7.20) points which lower than the standard mark standardized score, and 14.3％ (18/126)of patients were diagnosed with anxiety. The score of Beck Depression Inventory in uveitis patients was (7.50 ± 6.60) points which lower than the standard mark standardized score, 28.6％ (36/126)of patients were diagnosed with depression. The Self-rating Anxiety Scale scores and psychological dimensions of quality of life was negatively correlated (r=-0.310, P<0.01), and the Beck Depression Inventory scores and the average score of the quality of life, the 4 dimensions and total score of quality of life was negatively correlated(r=-0.534--0.240, all P<0.01). The multiple linear regression analysis showed that the related factors of quality of life were score of depression, vision loss, education and gender(P<0.05). Conclusions The incidence of depression and anxiety are both lower in patients with uveitis than general population. The status of quality of life is related to the score of depression, vision loss, education and gender.

Experience of professor LI Zhidao in the treatment of mental disorders by "regulating the heart and smoothing the liver" / 中国针灸

The experience of Professor LI Zhidao is introduced in the treatment of mental disorders by "regulating the heart and smoothing the liver". In his experience, the basic prescription includes: penetrating needling technique from Neiguan (PC 6) to Jianshi (PC 5), Ximen (PC 4), penetrating needling technique from Qiuxu (GB 40) to Zhaohai (KI 6) and penetrating needling technique at four groups of acupoints on the gallbladder meridian [Hanyan (GB 4) to Xuanlu (GB 5) and Xuanli (GB 6), Qubin (GB 7) to Shuaigu (GB 8), Shuaigu (GB 8) to Tianchong (GB 9), Tianchong (GB 9) to Fubai (GB 10) and Touqiaoyin (GB 11)]. The manipulation with respiration involved is combined with interactive needling technique so that the patients can feel the weak needling sensation at the local acupoint regions during the treatment. In the paper, the concrete clinical cases are introduced to explain this application and the satisfactory efficacy achieved. The therapeutic method provides a new approach to the clinical treatment of mental disorders.

The prevalence and change of rationing of nursing care in level 2 and level 3 hospitals across Guangdong province / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To describe the prevalence and change of rationing of nursing care (RNC) in medical and surgical units of level 2 and level 3 general hospitals across Guangdong province. Methods RNC were measured by asking nurses about the completion status of 12 necessary nursing care activities, and the prevalence of RNC in 2014 was compared with the study results from the China Hospital Nursing Workforce Research(CNWR) in 2009 (exclusively using the data of Guangdong province) to describe the change of RNC. Results Six activities were rationed averagely in 2014, and the most frequent activities rationed wereComfort/talk with patients accounted for 69.8% (975/1 396) andEducating patients and familiesaccounted for 67.3%(940/1 396). According to the CNWR in 2009, the average number of nursing care activities rationed was 3 which was statistically lower than the number in 2014 (P < 0.01). Conclusions RNC is prevalent in level 2 and level 3 general hospitals across Guangdong province, especially psychosocial care to the patients; the prevalence of RNC has not decreased since 2009.

Influencing factors of job burnout among nurses in level 2 and level 3 hospitals in Guangdong province / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To explore the influencing factors of job burnout among nurses in level 2 and level 3 hospitals in Guangdong province. Methods A total of 2 066 first line nurses from 133 medical, surgical and intensive care units (ICU) of 23 level 2 and level 3 hospitals in Guangdong province were surveyed employing the questionnaire Hospital Nursing Human Resources Research during December 2013 to August 2014. Results In the multivariate logistic regression models, each additional doctor per nurse was associated with 1.34 times increase in the likelihood of high level of emotional exhaustion(EE). Nurses had a 57.4%higher risk of high level of EE when they worked overtime. Every one point increase in ancillary service score, and every one more year working as a nurse was associated with 5.4%, 2.3%increase in the likelihood of high level of EE, respectively. Nurses were 42.1%,40.9%more likely to exhibit high level of depersonalization(DP) when they worked in medical units or hospitals of level 3, compared with nurses of surgical units and hospitals of level 2. Nurses had a 29.5%higher risk of high level of DP when they worked overtime. Nurses holding higher positions had a lower likelihood(37.7%) of high level of reduced personal accomplishment(PA) compared with nurses holding lower positions. Nurses in medical units or ICUs had a 31.2%, 51.6%higher risk of high level of PA than nurses in surgical units, respectively. Conclusions Job burnout of nurses is at a quite high level in level 2 and level 3 hospitals in Guangdong province. The probability of the occurrence of burnout is related to the hospital, unit and nurse characteristics and nursing workloads.

Progresses of the pathogenesis of rotavirus infection / 国际儿科学杂志

Rotavirus is the most important pathogen causing severe diarrhea in infants and young children worldwide,and for rotavirus diarrhea there is no specific treatment so far.At present,there are a variety of claims on the pathogenesis of rotavirus infection,but none is conclusive.In the process of infection,rotavirus pathogens must overcome antiviral innate immune response that can replicate in host cell.Rotavirus encoded proteins play an important role in the process of rotavirus infection.This paperreviews the role of rotavirus encoding proteins in the pathogenesis of rotavirus infection.

Chinese effective control and other countries uncharted challenge against COVID-19: an epidemiological and modelling study

BackgroundOn the present trajectory, COVID is inevitably becoming a global epidemic, leading to concerns regarding the pandemic potential in China and other countries. ObjectiveIn this study, we use the time-dependent reproduction number (Rt) to comprise the COVID transmissibility across different countries. MethodsWe used data from Jan 20, 2019, to Feb 29, 2020, on the number of newly confirmed cases, obtained from the reports published by the CDC, to infer the incidence of infectious over time. A two-step procedure was used to estimate the Rt. The first step used data on known index-secondary cases pairs, from publicly available case reports, to estimate the serial interval distribution. The second step estimated the Rt jointly from the incidence data and the information data in the first step. Rt was then used to simulate the epidemics across all major cities in China and typical countries worldwide. ResultsBased on a total of 126 index-secondary cases pairs from 4 international regions, we estimated that the serial interval for SARS-2-CoV was 4.18 (IQR 1.92 - 6.65) days. Domestically, Rt of China, Hubei province, Wuhan had fallen below 1.0 on 9 Feb, 10 Feb and 13 Feb (Rt were 0.99{+/-}0.02, 0.99{+/-}0.02 and 0.96{+/-}0.02), respectively. Internationally, as of 26 Feb, statistically significant periods of COVID spread (Rt >1) were identified for most regions, except for Singapore (Rt was 0.92{+/-}0.17). ConclusionsThe epidemic in China has been well controlled, but the worldwide pandemic has not been well controlled. Worldwide preparedness and vulnerability against COVID-19 should be regarded with more care. O_LSTWhat is already known on this subject?C_LSTO_LIThe basic reproduction number (R0) and the-time-dependent reproduction number (Rt) are two important indicators of infectious disease transmission. In addition, Rt as a derivative of R0 could be used to assess the epidemiological development of the disease and effectiveness of control measures. Most current researches used data from earlier periods in Wuhan and refer to the epidemiological features of SARS, which are possibly biased. Meanwhile, there are fewer studies discussed the Rt of COVID-19. Current clinical and epidemiological data are insufficient to help us understand the full view of the potential transmission of this disease. C_LI O_LSTWhat this study adds?C_LSTO_LIWe use up-to-data observation of the serial interval and cases arising from local transmission to calculate the Rt in different outbreak level area and every province in China as well as five-top sever outbreak countries and other overseas. By comparing the Rt, we discussed the situation of outbreak around the world. C_LI