RESUMEN
We have studied the functional and structural properties of nucleosomes reconstituted with H2BFWT, a recently identified putative histone variant of the H2B family with totally unknown function. We show that H2BFWT can replace the conventional histone H2B in the nucleosome. The presence of H2BFWT did not affect the overall structure of the nucleosome, and the H2BFWT nucleosomes exhibited the same stability as conventional nucleosomes. SWI/SNF was able to efficiently remodel and mobilize the H2BFWT nucleosomes. Importantly, H2BFWT, in contrast to conventional H2B, was unable to recruit chromosome condensation factors and to participate in the assembly of mitotic chromosomes. This was determined by the highly divergent (compared to conventional H2B) NH2 tail of H2BFWT. These data, in combination with the observations that H2BFWT was found by others in the sperm nuclei and appeared to be associated with the telomeric chromatin, suggest that H2BFWT could act as a specific epigenetic marker.
Asunto(s)
Cromosomas/metabolismo , Histonas/química , Histonas/metabolismo , Proteínas de Xenopus/química , Proteínas de Xenopus/metabolismo , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Animales , Secuencia de Bases , Cromosomas/genética , ADN Complementario/genética , Variación Genética , Histonas/genética , Técnicas In Vitro , Mitosis , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Nucleosomas/metabolismo , Homología de Secuencia de Aminoácido , Xenopus/genética , Xenopus/metabolismo , Proteínas de Xenopus/genéticaAsunto(s)
Proteínas S100/aislamiento & purificación , Proteínas S100/fisiología , Sulfato de Amonio , Animales , Secuencia de Bases , Western Blotting , Células COS , Línea Celular , Precipitación Química , Cromatografía en Agarosa , Clonación Molecular , Cartilla de ADN/genética , Escherichia coli/genética , Vectores Genéticos , Humanos , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Proteínas Recombinantes/genética , Proteínas Recombinantes/aislamiento & purificación , Proteínas S100/genética , Transformación GenéticaRESUMEN
The Zn(2+)- and Ca(2+)-binding S100B protein is implicated in multiple intracellular and extracellular regulatory events. In glial cells, a relationship exists between cytoplasmic S100B accumulation and cell morphological changes. We have identified the IQGAP1 protein as the major cytoplasmic S100B target protein in different rat and human glial cell lines in the presence of Zn(2+) and Ca(2+). Zn(2+) binding to S100B is sufficient to promote interaction with IQGAP1. IQ motifs on IQGAP1 represent the minimal interaction sites for S100B. We also provide evidence that, in human astrocytoma cell lines, S100B co-localizes with IQGAP1 at the polarized leading edge and areas of membrane ruffling and that both proteins relocate in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner within newly formed vesicle-like structures. Our data identify IQGAP1 as a potential target protein of S100B during processes of dynamic rearrangement of cell membrane morphology. They also reveal an additional cellular function for IQGAP1 associated with Zn(2+)/Ca(2+)-dependent relocation of S100B.