RESUMEN
We have investigated the effect of the dynamics of crater size on the poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) surface morphology in fs-laser micro-processing. PDMS surface was processed with varying both inter-pulse interval and inter-spot distance between successive laser pulses. With keeping the interval of 5 ms crater shape is round even if the spot is overlapped in space. But decreasing the interval to 0.02 ms the shape of the crater is no longer round. Decreasing the inter-distance between the craters results in roughened surface morphology even at time intervals of 5 ms. Temporal dependence of single-shot fs-laser induced crater size was measured as a function of time delay. Within 0.1 ms after pulse irradiation with a fluence of 4.8 J/cm2 on PDMS surface the crater size has reached to its maximum values and then decreased with a time constant of about 0.3 ms. The surface morphology after fs-laser pulse irradiation is strongly dependent on not only inter-spot distance between successive laser pulse but also their inter-pulse intervals. By proposing a theoretical model on their dynamic features, we will try to explain the current observation in quantitatively.
RESUMEN
We report selective patterning process, laser 'rail-roading' scribing method, of which operating principle is based on transient force balance between the material properties including cohesion and adhesion forces subjected to underlying substrate and laser-induced shock compression and shear forces. By using dual fs-laser beam lines with an interval larger than laser spot size, we provide a proof of the concept by patterning the photovoltaic modules based on CIGS (Cu(In,Ga)Se2) coated on Mo electrode. With varying the interval between the two laser beam tracks, we can provide intact Mo back contact surface without any residues in a manner of more facile, high-speed and high scribing efficiency. We have interpreted the effect of the ambient gases and grooving width on the scribing performance in terms of the cohesion forces between the grains of CIGS thin films as well as adhesion force between underlying Mo layer and CIGS, which are mainly governed by local laser ablation and peening process followed by laser-induced shock compression, respectively.
RESUMEN
In this work, we demonstrate that ultrafast laser irradiation could selectively disrupt vascular endothelium of zebrafish embryos in vivo. Ultrafast lasers minimize the collateral damage in the vicinity of the laser focus and eventually reduce coagulation in the tissues. We have also found that the threshold fluence for lesion formation of the vascular endothelium strongly depends on the developmental stage of the embryos. The threshold laser fluence required to induce apparent lesions in the vascular structure for Somite 14, 20 and 25 stages is about 5 J/cm(2) ~7 J/cm(2), which is much lower than that for the later development stages of Prim 16 and Prim 20 of 30 J/cm(2) ~50 J/cm(2). The proposed method for treating the vascular cord of zebrafish embryos in the early stage of development has potential as a selective and effective method to induce a fatal lesion in the vascular endothelium without damaging the developed blood vessels.