RESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Nucleic acid amplification testing (NAT), in blood services context, is used for the detection of viral and parasite nucleic acids to reduce transfusion-transmitted infections. This project reviewed NAT for screening blood donations globally. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A survey on NAT usage, developed by the International Society of Blood Transfusion Working Party on Transfusion-transmitted Infectious Diseases (ISBT WP-TTID), was distributed through ISBT WP-TTID members. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics. RESULTS: Forty-three responses were received from 32 countries. Increased adoption of blood donation viral screening by NAT was observed over the past decade. NAT-positive donations were detected for all viruses tested in 2019 (proportion of donations positive by NAT were 0.0099% for human immunodeficiency virus [HIV], 0.0063% for hepatitis C virus [HCV], 0.0247% for hepatitis B virus [HBV], 0.0323% for hepatitis E virus [HEV], 0.0014% for West Nile virus [WNV] and 0.00005% for Zika virus [ZIKV]). Globally, over 3100 NAT-positive donations were identified as NAT yield or solely by NAT in 2019 and over 22,000 since the introduction of NAT, with HBV accounting for over half. NAT-positivity rate was higher in first-time donors for all viruses tested except WNV. During 2019, a small number of participants performed NAT for parasites (Trypanosoma cruzi, Babesia spp., Plasmodium spp.). CONCLUSION: This survey captures current use of blood donation NAT globally. There has been increased NAT usage over the last decade. It is clear that NAT contributes to improving blood transfusion safety globally; however, there is a need to overcome economic barriers for regions/countries not performing NAT.
Asunto(s)
Hepatitis B , Ácidos Nucleicos , Reacción a la Transfusión , Infección por el Virus Zika , Virus Zika , Humanos , Donación de Sangre , Donantes de Sangre , Hepatitis B/diagnóstico , Virus de la Hepatitis B/genética , Técnicas de Amplificación de Ácido NucleicoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Nucleic acid-amplification testing (NAT) is used for screening blood donations/donors for blood-borne viruses. We reviewed global viral NAT characteristics and NAT-yield confirmatory testing used by blood operators. MATERIALS AND METHODS: NAT characteristics and NAT-yield confirmatory testing used during 2019 was surveyed internationally by the International Society of Blood Transfusion Working Party Transfusion-Transmitted Infectious Diseases. Reported characteristics are presented herein. RESULTS: NAT was mainly performed under government mandate. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) NAT was performed on all donors and donation types, while selective testing was reported for West Nile virus, hepatitis E virus (HEV), and Zika virus. Individual donation NAT was used for HIV, HCV and HBV by ~50% of responders, while HEV was screened in mini-pools by 83% of responders performing HEV NAT. Confirmatory testing for NAT-yield samples was generally performed by NAT on a sample from the same donation or by NAT and serology on samples from the same donation and a follow-up sample. CONCLUSION: In the last decade, there has been a trend towards use of smaller pool sizes or individual donation NAT. We captured characteristics of NAT internationally in 2019 and provide insights into confirmatory testing approaches used for NAT-yields, potentially benefitting blood operators seeking to implement NAT.
Asunto(s)
Donantes de Sangre , Técnicas de Amplificación de Ácido Nucleico , Humanos , Técnicas de Amplificación de Ácido Nucleico/métodos , Infecciones de Transmisión Sanguínea , Selección de Donante/métodosAsunto(s)
COVID-19 , SARS-CoV-2 , Anticuerpos Antivirales , Humanos , Inmunoglobulina M , LuminiscenciaAsunto(s)
Enfermedad de Crohn/complicaciones , Parasitosis Intestinales/complicaciones , Miasis/complicaciones , Adulto , Animales , Enfermedad de Crohn/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedad de Crohn/parasitología , Dípteros/crecimiento & desarrollo , Susceptibilidad a Enfermedades , Heces/parasitología , Femenino , Humanos , Huésped Inmunocomprometido , Inmunosupresores/uso terapéutico , Parasitosis Intestinales/parasitología , Larva , Miasis/parasitologíaRESUMEN
No disponible
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Infecciones por Coronavirus/diagnóstico , Pruebas Serológicas/normas , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática/normas , Pruebas Serológicas/métodos , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa , Sensibilidad y Especificidad , Estándares de Referencia , Coronavirus Relacionado al Síndrome Respiratorio Agudo Severo/aislamiento & purificaciónAsunto(s)
Exophiala/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones Oportunistas/microbiología , Feohifomicosis/microbiología , Adenocarcinoma/complicaciones , Adenocarcinoma/secundario , Anciano , Antifúngicos/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias Óseas/complicaciones , Neoplasias Óseas/secundario , Neoplasias Encefálicas/complicaciones , Neoplasias Encefálicas/secundario , Codo , Resultado Fatal , Humanos , Huésped Inmunocomprometido , Itraconazol/uso terapéutico , Masculino , Infecciones Oportunistas/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones Oportunistas/etiología , Feohifomicosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Feohifomicosis/etiología , Neoplasias del Colon Sigmoide/complicacionesAsunto(s)
Humanos , Luminiscencia , Coronavirus Relacionado al Síndrome Respiratorio Agudo Severo , Pruebas Serológicas , Pandemias , Infecciones por Coronavirus/epidemiología , Betacoronavirus , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática , Sensibilidad y Especificidad , Enfermedades Transmisibles , MicrobiologíaRESUMEN
No disponible