[Surgical treatment of coronary heart disease in elderly patients].

Current approaches to the provision of effective medical aid to elderly patients with cardiovascular diseases are discussed. Clinical characteristics of such patients, concomitant pathologies, the strategy and extent of cardiosurgical treatment and postoperative therapy are described The original observations are compared with literature data concerning the immediate postoperative outcomes, clinical features, and peculiarities ofsurgical intervention in the patients of this age group.

[Treatment of pyonecrotic complications in diabetic macroangiopathy]. / Lechenie gnoino-nekroticheskikh oslozhnenii pri diabeticheskoi makroangiopatii.

Results of treatment of 104 patients aged from 47 to 82 years with stage IV talocrural ischemia (by A.V. Pokrovsky) due to diabetic macroangiopathy were analyzed. Significant depression of immune status was revealed: number of T- and B-lymphocytes decreased by 40-50%, phagocytosis--by 65-75%, number of immunoglobulins--by 25-30%. The majority of the patients had endotoxicosis, hypercoagulation and hyperlipidemia; the correction of it by hemosorption and plasmapheresis was performed depending on the disease stage. 90 patients underwent surgery. Reconstruction in aorto-ileo-femoral zone was performed in 57 patients (in 34--with good results), in femoro-popliteo-femoral zone--in 33 patients (in 19--with good results). The "Gore-Tex" grafts were the plastic material for reconstruction, but autovein in situ was also used in femoro-popliteal zone.

[Surgical treatment of middle-aged and elderly patients with chronic ischemia and distal occlusions]. / Khirurgicheskoe lechenie bol'nykh pozhilogo i starcheskogo vozrasta s khronicheskoi ishemiei pri distal'nykh okkliuziiakh.

Operative treatment for critical ischemia was performed on 346 elderly and senile patients. An assessment of the distal bed and outflow pathways has shown the conditions for the reconstruction of the vessels to be unfavorable in 257 (74%) patients. Femoro-proximal-popliteal shunts were made in 82 patients with good effect in 74 of them. Femoro-distal-popliteal and tibial shunts were made in 62 patients with good effect in 52. In 12 patients out of 20 with the isolated plasty of the profound femoral artery better blood flow and arrest of pains in rest were noted. Lumbar sympathectomy was performed in 142 (41%) patients, in 46 of them it was combined with continuous intraarterial infusion and in 20 patients--in combination with the rotor osteotrepanation on the femur and shin. Good results after sympathectomy were noted in 102 patients.

[Autovenous bypass in situ in distal occlusions of the arteries]. / Autovenoznoe shuntirovanie in situ pri distal'nykh okkliuziiakh arterii.

In patients with bad distal bed and blood flow along the bypass two functioning venous collaterals were left with the diameter less than 1 mm, with the blood flow volume 100-150 ml/min one collateral was left, if the volume was 150-200 ml/min it was not necessary to make an arterio-venous output. One-two functioning collaterals left did not influence the volume and linear velocity of blood flow along the bypass and the parameters of hemodynamics. 78 patients (91%) were discharged with the functioning bypasses and decreased ischemia. A year later thrombosis of the bypass was noted in 6 (14%) of 43 follow-up patients, stepwise liquidation of one or two collaterals was fulfilled in 5 patients due to a more than 1 mm dilatation. Prognostically the blood flow in the zone of a distal anastomosis less than 100 ml/min is thought to be most critical.