Improving mother-infant bonding in postnatal depression - The SURE MUMS study.

OBJECTIVE: To study the effectiveness of the Sure Mums intervention in improving mother-baby bonding in a group of new mothers in Singapore. METHODS: Over a period of 2 years from 2017 to 2019, thirty-two mothers were identified from our clinic population seeking treatment for postnatal mental health difficulties - these included depressive or anxiety symptoms, together with bonding difficulties. They received home-based mother-infant therapy sessions, and scores for the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ), Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF), and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) were taken pre- and post-intervention. RESULTS: In all, twenty-five mothers completed measures for baseline characteristics, pretreatment scores and post-treatment scores. Paired sample t-tests were conducted for the 4 subscales of the PBQ, the GAF rating score, and the EPDS score. Postintervention scores noted a reduction in the mean of all of the 4 PBQ subscales, and 3 of the 4 scores had differences that were shown to be statistically significant improvement. The EPDS pre-intervention mean score was 17.72, while mean postintervention EPDS score was 9.2. Total GAF scores showed an mean uptrend by 12-14 points, likely indicating significant improvement in the mothers' functioning post intervention. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this programme shows promising evidence of its effectiveness in improving the quality of bonding in mothers with postnatal mental health difficulties. For future direction, we hope to offer the SURE MUMS programme to more mothers who are struggling to bond with their baby amidst the challenges of becoming a parent.

A cross-sectional survey of what patients find most therapeutic in perinatal mental healthcare in Singapore.

Supportive counselling is an important part of the treatment process for perinatal mood disorders in KK Women's and Children's Hospital (KKH). This study aims to investigate the extent to which patients deem each component of supportive counselling important to their treatment and recovery process. Sixty-six patients seen during their pregnancy or postnatal period for anxiety or depressive disorders were surveyed at the point of their discharge. Patients were asked to rate on a four-point scale the importance they attributed to each of thirteen components of supportive counselling practised by the perinatal mental health team at KKH. Patients were also asked to identify the three most important components in their treatment experience. The final two survey questions assessed the effects of the treatment process on patients' perceived partner support and patients' optimism towards motherhood. Results corroborate the importance of building a trusting relationship between treatment providers and patients, providing empathic support while patients learn to accept the changes in their lives and engaging patients' partners in the treatment process. It is recommended that perinatal mental healthcare providers continue to build on the therapeutic effects of empathic understanding and engaging patients' partners in the treatment process.

Patterns and predictors of treatment outcome for antenatal major depression.

INTRODUCTION: Antenatal major depression is a relatively common and potentially debilitating illness, but knowledge of its treatment outcomes and strategies is still lacking. This study aimed to explore the clinical profiles and treatment outcomes of patients with antenatal major depression, to look for patterns and associations that could guide subsequent research and clinical applications. METHODS: From May 2006 to November 2010, 118 consecutive patients with antenatal major depression were naturalistically assessed over eight months of individualised therapy, and their characteristics were assessed as potential predictors of treatment outcome. RESULTS: All participants accepted supportive counselling and case management, although only 51 (43.2%) participants accepted low-dose antidepressant therapy. Overall, 95 (80.5%) of them were successfully discharged, while 12 (10.2%) required extended treatment into the postnatal period. An equation for prognosticating the need for extended treatment was obtained using multiple logistic regression analysis, which incorporated three predictors: previous depression (odds ratio [OR] 12.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.40-110; p = 0.024); maternal age < 26 years or > 35 years (OR 6.88, 95% CI 1.67-28.4; p = 0.008); and no use of antidepressant (OR 6.94, 95% CI 0.79-60.9; p = 0.080). Among participants with previous depression and at either extreme of maternal age, the number needed to treat with antidepressants to avert extended treatment was three. CONCLUSION: The majority of women with antenatal major depression recovered after receiving short-term treatment. Those with previous depression and who were of relative extreme maternal age were most likely to benefit from antidepressant treatment to expedite recovery.