Health care of pregnant women with diabetes in Spain: Approach using a questionnaire.

OBJECTIVE: To ascertain how health care for pregnant women with gestational diabetes (GD) and pregestational diabetes (PGD) is organized, and to estimate the number of Pregnancy and Diabetes Units (PDUs) in Spain in 2013. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The Spanish Group of Diabetes and Pregnancy (GEDE) developed and agreed on a questionnaire based on the recommendations of the group. The questionnaire was sent to members of the Spanish Society of Diabetes and the Spanish Society of Endocrinology and Nutrition. RESULTS: Eighty-seven questionnaires were received from 81 hospitals, 4 outpatient specialty centers, and 2 primary healthcare centers, which accounted for 51% of the Spanish population and for 39% of births in 2013. GD was mainly diagnosed based on GEDE recommendations (98%), and less than 50% of women were reevaluated after delivery in primary care. Fourteen (26%) of the 53 centers identified as PDUs corresponded to a minimal model. Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) therapy was not available in 30% of centers, and 13% of hospitals had no preconceptional clinics. No nurse support was available in 20% of centers. CONCLUSIONS: Care of women with PGD has a fair coverage with PDU, but significant deficits still exist, for instance, in preconception clinic and CSII. However, organization of care for women with GD appears to be adequate. There are aspects in need of improvement such as integration of diabetes educators and coordination with primary care for postpartum reclassification.

Asistencia sanitaria de la mujer gestante con diabetes en España: aproximación usando un cuestionario / Health care of pregnant women with diabetes in Spain: Approach using a questionnaire

Objetivo: Conocer la organización de la atención sanitaria de las gestantes con diabetes gestacional (DG) y diabetes pregestacional, y estimar el número de unidades de diabetes y gestación en España en 2013. Material y métodos: El Grupo Español de Diabetes y Embarazo elaboró y consensuó un cuestionario basándose en las recomendaciones de la guía asistencial del grupo. El cuestionario fue enviado a los miembros de la Sociedad Española de Diabetes y de la Sociedad Española de Endocrinología y Nutrición. Resultados: Se recibieron 87 cuestionarios (81 hospitales, 4 centros de especialidades, 2 centros de salud), que representaban al 51% de la población censada en España y el 39% de los partos atendidos en el año 2013. El diagnóstico de la DG se hizo mayoritariamente siguiendo recomendaciones del Grupo Español de Diabetes y Embarazo (98%), y en menos del 50% de los casos la reclasificación posparto se realizó en atención primaria. De los 53 centros considerados unidades de diabetes y gestación 14 (26%) respondían a un modelo mínimo. El 13% de los centros no realizan clínica preconcepcional, y un 30% no contaban con terapia con infusión subcutánea continua de insulina. En un 20% de los centros la asistencia la realizaba el facultativo sin apoyo de enfermería. Conclusiones: La asistencia de las mujeres gestantes con diabetes pregestacional tiene una cobertura intermedia con carencias importantes, como clínica preconcepcional e infusión subcutánea continua de insulina, mientras que en las mujeres con DG se puede considerar suficiente. Existen aspectos a mejorar, como la integración de la educadora en diabetes y la coordinación con atención primaria para la reclasificación posparto (AU)

Objective: To ascertain how health care for pregnant women with gestational diabetes (GD) and pregestational diabetes (PGD) is organized, and to estimate the number of Pregnancy and Diabetes Units (PDUs) in Spain in 2013. Material and methods: The Spanish Group of Diabetes and Pregnancy (GEDE) developed and agreed on a questionnaire based on the recommendations of the group. The questionnaire was sent to members of the Spanish Society of Diabetes and the Spanish Society of Endocrinology and Nutrition. Results: Eighty-seven questionnaires were received from 81 hospitals, 4 outpatient specialty centers, and 2 primary healthcare centers, which accounted for 51% of the Spanish population and for 39% of births in 2013. GD was mainly diagnosed based on GEDE recommendations (98%), and less than 50% of women were reevaluated after delivery in primary care. Fourteen (26%) of the 53 centers identified as PDUs corresponded to a minimal model. Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) therapy was not available in 30% of centers, and 13% of hospitals had no preconceptional clinics. No nurse support was available in 20% of centers. Conclusions: Care of women with PGD has a fair coverage with PDU, but significant deficits still exist, for instance, in preconception clinic and CSII. However, organization of care for women with GD appears to be adequate. There are aspects in need of improvement such as integration of diabetes educators and coordination with primary care for postpartum reclassification (AU)

Asistencia a la gestante con diabetes. Guía de práctica clínica actualizada en 2014 / Care of pregnancies complicated by diabetes. Clinical practice guidelines: 2014 update

La diabetes es una de las complicaciones metabólicas más frecuentes de la gestación y se asocia a un incremento del riesgo de morbimortalidad maternal y fetal, que pueden evitarse y/o reducirse con un adecuado control. En la diabetes pregestacional, la preparación específica previa a la gestación es indispensable para intentar conseguir un control glucémico lo más próximo a la normalidad, evaluar complicaciones y revisar las pautas de tratamientos farmacológicos. En el caso de la diabetes gestacional, el tratamiento de esta entidad ha demostrado disminuir la tasa de complicaciones maternas y perinatales, por lo que su diagnóstico está justificado. En relación con la estrategia diagnóstica, ante la falta de consenso y la controversia desatada tras la aparición de los nuevos criterios IADPSG, el grupo ha decidido mantener la misma estrategia diagnóstica en 2 pasos y con los mismos puntos de corte hasta disponer de datos sólidos que avalen la introducción de nuevos criterios

Diabetes is one of the most common metabolic complications of pregnancy, and is associated with an increased risk of maternal and foetal morbidity and mortality that can be prevented and/or reduced with adequate glycaemic control. In pre-gestational diabetes, specific preparation prior to the pregnancy is essential in order to achieve glycaemic control near to normal as possible and to evaluate complications and review pharmacologic treatment prescription. The treatment of gestational diabetes has been shown to decrease the rate of maternal and perinatal complications, thus its diagnosis is justified. As regards the diagnostic strategy and due to the lack of consensus and the controversy arising after the publication of the new International Association of the Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG), the group has decided to keep the same diagnostic strategy in two stages, and with the same cut-off points, until there are solid data available that support the introduction of new criteria