RESUMEN
The results of the analysis of 102 neonatal neuroblastomas collected from literature from 1940 to 1978 are reported. Frequency of stages, primary site, and metastatic diffusion of the tumour are considered. Survival rate is 54%. This study shows that the more favorable prognosis of neonatal cases is not related either to age or primary site, but only to the stage of the tumour. The presence of skin metastasis is a favorable prognostic factor (survival rate in babies with skin metastasis is 95%).
Asunto(s)
Neuroblastoma/patología , Factores de Edad , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Pronóstico , Neoplasias Cutáneas/secundarioRESUMEN
A 5-year-old girl with glioblastoma multiforme and simultaneous adenocarcinoma in one of multiple colonic polyps is the youngest reported case of Turcot's syndrome. A literature survey and a classification based on family pedigree and pattern of inheritance are proposed.
Asunto(s)
Adenocarcinoma/genética , Neoplasias Encefálicas/genética , Pólipos del Colon/genética , Glioblastoma/genética , Neoplasias Primarias Múltiples/genética , Neoplasias del Recto/genética , Factores de Edad , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Trastornos de la Pigmentación/complicaciones , Trastornos de la Pigmentación/genética , SíndromeRESUMEN
Surgery is the treatment of choice for low-grade astrocytoma while radiotherapy is carried out only when total resection is not possible. This study assessed the effectiveness of chemotherapy in nonresectable cases. Thirteen children with nonresectable astrocytoma were treated with carboplatin and etoposide and after four cycles the response to treatment was evaluated according to radiologic criteria. The results were: one with complete response (CR), three with minor response (MR), six with stable disease (SD), and three with progressive disease (PD). Moreover, in 77% there was an improvement in the neurologic picture. In particular, two cases with hypothalamic astrocytoma showed a regression of the diencephalic syndrome following chemotherapy. In six cases chemotherapy was carried out, at reduced dosage, after the first four cycles either because there was clinical improvement or because it was necessary to postpone radiotherapy in very young patients. After a follow-up period ranging between 11 and 63 months (average: 30 months), nine of the 13 patients are alive (69%) while four died of disease progression. Further studies would be useful to evaluate the role of chemotherapy in the management of low-grade astrocytoma.