RESUMEN
Seventy five ionic liquids (ILs) were tested as a sequestering agent of sulfured compounds in natural gasoline (NG). Desulphurization of NG was performed by means of liquid-liquid extraction method at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. Experimental ILs containing imidazolium, pyridinium, and ammonium cations along with organic and inorganic anions were synthesized conventionally and under microwave and sonochemical conditions. The effect of the molecular structure of ILs on the desulfurization efficiency of NG with high sulfur content was evaluated. Analysis indicated that the anion type played a more important role than the cation on the desulphurization process. ILs based on halogen-ferrates and halogen-aluminates exhibited the highest efficiency in sulfur removal, and their efficiency is further improved when there is an excess of metallic salt in a ratio of at least 1:1.3 during the synthesis of the corresponding IL. An explanation for the ability of metallic ILs to remove sulfur-containing compounds from natural gasoline based on the ratio of the ionic charge to the atomic radius is proposed. Furthermore, a method to recover and reuse water-sensitive to halogenated precursors is described.
Asunto(s)
Fraccionamiento Químico/métodos , Gasolina , Líquidos Iónicos/química , Líquidos Iónicos/farmacología , Compuestos de Azufre/química , Azufre/aislamiento & purificación , Cromatografía Liquida/métodos , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos/métodos , Eficiencia , Gasolina/análisis , Enlace de Hidrógeno , Modelos Biológicos , Azufre/química , Azufre/metabolismo , Compuestos de Azufre/análisis , Compuestos de Azufre/farmacocinéticaRESUMEN
Fifty-six ionic liquids were efficiently synthesized in parallel format under one-pot, solvent-free microwave-assisted synthesis. These compounds were evaluated as extracting agents of nitrogen-containing compounds from a real Diesel feed before being submitted to the hydrodesulfurization process to obtain ultralow sulfur Diesel. Our results showed that halogenated ionic liquids are an excellent alternative due to these ionic liquids are relatively inexpensive, presenting a high selectivity for the extraction of nitrogen-containing compounds and can be regenerated and recycled.