Comparison of two visual methods for detecting caries among obese and non-obese children.

OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to compare two visual methods for detecting caries among obese and non-obese children in Salvador, Brazil. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted from 2011-2012, which evaluated 180 paediatric patients, 6-14 years old, girls and boys, categorized into two groups: obese and non-obese (healthy weight), according to the body mass index. For the evaluation of dental caries, the decayed, missing or filled teeth index (DMFT/dmft) and International Caries Detection and Assessment System II (ICDAS II) visual criteria were used. RESULTS: The mean DMFT value was 0.98 in obese children and 0.57 in the non-obese children, without significant differences between groups (p = 0.206). The mean dmft value in the non-obese children (1.66) was higher than in obese children (0.95), with significant differences between groups (p = 0.021). According to ICDAS II criteria, there was a higher prevalence of non-cavitated enamel lesions (D1-3) in obese children (n = 156, 10.5%) compared to the non-obese children (n = 55, 1.9%), with significant differences between the groups (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The inclusion of non-cavitated lesions during the caries evaluation represents a challenge in diagnosis, which allows for control of this process before the evolution of these lesions to cavitation.

Influence of laser photobiomodulation (GaAlAs) on salivary flow rate and histomorphometry of the submandibular glands of hypothyroid rats.

The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of laser photobiomodulation in salivary flow, weight, and histomorphometry of the submandibular glands of hypothyroid rats. Fifty-six male Wistar albino rats were divided in euthyroid group and hypothyroid group, treated with propylthiouracil (PTU) to induce hypothyroidism. Each group was divided into control (without laser) and laser groups (GaAlAs): λ660 nm (40 mW), λ780 nm (40 mW), and λ780 nm (70 mW). The laser application on the submandibular gland occurred after 2 weeks of PTU treatment and repeatedly during 2 weeks every 48 h. The rats were anesthetized, tracheostomized, and the evaluation of the salivary flow rate (µL/min/100 g body weight) was made by the weight of the saliva collected for 15 min from the first drop. After the animals' death, the glands were dissected and processed for histological analysis. There was an evident reduction of the salivary flow of hypothyroid rats in all groups in comparison to euthyroid group (Mann-Whitney test, p < 0.05). No significant difference was found in the salivary flow of rats that received laser photobiomodulation compared with their control groups. Histological analysis revealed a decrease in the parenchyma of the salivary glands of hypothyroid rats, but the laser was not able to reverse this process. Hypothyroid rats irradiated or not with laser showed acini and acinar cells with significantly smaller areas than euthyroid groups. The laser photobiomodulation protocol used was not able to change salivary flow or reverse the acinar atrophy process in the submandibular glands of hypothyroid rats.

Effects of LED phototherapy on relative wound contraction and reepithelialization during tissue repair in hypothyroid rats: morphometric and histological study.

The aim of this study was to assess morphometrically and histologically, the effects of light-emitting diode (LED) (λ630 ± 20 nm) phototherapy on reepithelialization and wound contraction during tissue repair in hypothyroid rats. Thyroid hormone deficiency has been associated with disorders of tissue repair. LED phototherapy has been studied using several healing models, but their usefulness in the improvement of hypothyroidism wound healing remains unknown. Under general anesthesia, a standard surgical wound (1 cm(2)) was produced on the dorsum of 48 male Wistar rats divided into four groups of 12 animals each: EC-control euthyroid, ED-euthyroid + LED, HC-control hypothyroid, and HD-Hypothyroid + LED. The irradiation started immediately after surgery and was repeated every other day for 7 and 14 days. Photographs of the wound were taken at the day of the surgical procedure and on days 8 and 15 after surgery, when animals' deaths occurred. The specimens were removed, routinely processed, and stained with hematoxylin/eosin. Seven days after the surgery, it was possible to observe statistically significant reductions in the wound area of the irradiated euthyroid group, in comparison to hypothyroid group, irradiated and non-irradiated (ANOVA, p < 0.05). The reepithelialization was significantly higher in the euthyroid and hypothyroid groups irradiated with LED than in the non-irradiated groups (Fisher's test, p < 0.05). No significant difference was found in the experimental period of 14 days among the groups. The hypothyroidism delayed wound healing and the LED phototherapy, at these specific parameters, improved the process of reepithelialization in the presence of hypothyroidism.

Laser and LED phototherapies on angiogenesis.

Angiogenesis is a key process for wound healing. There are few reports of LED phototherapy on angiogenesis, mainly in vivo. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate histologically the angiogenesis on dorsal cutaneous wounds treated with laser (660 and 790 nm) or LEDs (700, 530, and 460 nm) in a rodent model. Twenty-four young adult male Wistar rats weighting between 200 and 250 g were used on the present study. Under general anesthesia, one excisional wound was created on the dorsum of each animal that were then randomly distributed into six groups with four animals each: G0-control; G1-laser λ660 nm (60 mW, ϕ ∼2 mm, 10 J/cm(2)); G2-laser λ790 nm (50 mW, ϕ ∼2 mm, 10 J/cm(2)); G3-LED λ700 ± 20 nm (15 mW, ϕ ∼16 mm, 10 J/cm(2)); G4-LED λ530 ± 20 nm (8 mW, ϕ ∼16 mm, 10 J/cm(2)); G5-LED λ460 ± 20 nm (22 mW, ϕ ∼16 mm, 10 J/cm(2)). Irradiation started immediately after surgery and was repeated every other day for 7 days. Animal death occurred at the eighth day after surgery. The specimens were removed, routinely processed to wax, cut and stained with HE. Angiogenesis was scored by blood vessel counting in the wounded area. Quantitative results showed that green LED (λ530 ± 20 nm), red LED (λ700 ± 20 nm), λ790 nm laser and λ660 nm laser caused significant increased angiogenesis when compared to the control group. It is concluded that both laser and LED light are capable of stimulating angiogenesis in vivo on cutaneous wounds and that coherence was not decisive on the outcome of the treatment.

Surgical management of multiple myeloma in the mandible: a case report.

Multiple myeloma (MM), solitary bone plasmacytoma, and extramedullary plasmacytoma are different types of plasma cell neoplasia, which is a lymphoid neoplastic proliferation of ß-cells. While MM is most frequently seen in the vertebrae and long bones, 30% of MM cases are found in the jaws. This case report presents a 58-year-old man with mandibular swelling; his medical history indicated he had a fracture of the humerus 1 month earlier. Panoramic radiography revealed a radiolucent lesion in the mandibular posterior region. Biopsy was performed and the histopathological examination indicated plasmocytoma. However, given the patient's dental and medical history, and the presence of multiple osteolytic lesions, the final diagnosis was MM. The patient underwent chemotherapy for the MM. To treat the pathological fracture of the jaw, a hemimandibulectomy was followed by the installation of a reconstructive plate.

Extensive central ossifying fibroma of the maxilla: a case report.

Central ossifying fibroma (COF) is a benign osteogenic neoplasm, with fibrous tissue and calcifications similar to bone, which has the clinical presentation of an asymptomatic bulging. It is more common in the mandibular premolar and molar region, in the third and fourth decades of life, and in women more frequently than men. Surgical removal is the treatment of choice and additional reconstruction is essential due to the functional and esthetic problems faced by the patient. This article describes the surgical treatment and subsequent reconstruction in a 22-year-old man with COF and an expansile lesion of the anterior maxilla. Enucleation of the lesion was performed and porous high-density polyethylene biomaterial was used for reconstruction.

Psammomatoid juvenile ossifying fibroma: case study and a review.

BACKGROUND: The group of fibro-osseous lesions from the maxillofacial region is very heterogeneous, but what they all have in common is the substitution of normal bone by fibroblasts with the consequent formation of collagen fibers, as well as substitution by different types of mineralized tissues which may be similar to bone or cement. Within this group of lesions, the juvenile ossifying fibroma is found, considered a rare and recurrent benign fibro-osseous neoplasia. The term juvenile ossifying fibroma has been used in the literature to describe two histopathological variations of conventional ossifying fibroma. These variations are trabecular juvenile ossifying fibroma and psammomatoid juvenile ossifying fibroma. Psammomatoid juvenile ossifying fibroma is an uncommon bone-forming neoplasm with aggressive local growth. Diagnostic of this lesion occurs after the correlation of clinical, imaging, and histopathological findings. Proposed treatments range from enucleation and curettage to resection of the tumor. OBJECTIVES: The present article has as its objectives to report an uncommon case of a 4-year-old male patient treated by conservative approach and revise the literature on juvenile ossifying fibroma. CONCLUSIONS: Psammomatoid juvenile ossifying fibroma, for its being very uncommon, warrants further investigation in order to establish the best treatment, principally in children, with a view to minimizing mutilating treatments. In the case examined, a conservative treatment was chosen, where the surgeon established curette and cryotherapy, and the reintegration of the child in his social environment, without relapse during the first year of therapy.

Effect of laser phototherapy (λ660 nm) on type I and III collagen expression during wound healing in hypothyroid rats: an immunohistochemical study in a rodent model.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess, immunohistochemically, the impact of hypothyroidism and the effect of laser phototherapy on the expression of type I and III collagen during wound healing. BACKGROUND DATA: Hypothyroidism has been associated with the disruption of the body's metabolism, including the healing process. Laser phototherapy has been shown to be effective in improving wound healing, but its usefulness on enhancing wound healing under hypothyroid condition remains unknown. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using general anesthesia, a standard surgical wound (1 cm(2)) was created on the dorsa of 48 Wistar rats divided into four groups of 12 animals each: control euthyroid (EC), euthyroid plus laser (EL), control hypothyroid (HC), and hypothyroid plus laser (HL). The irradiation with laser GaAlAs [λ660 nm, 40 mW, 1 W/cm(2), continuous wave (CW), ø=0.04 cm(2)] started immediately after surgery and was repeated every other day until end-point of study was reached, and animals were euthanized (i.e., 7 and 14 days). Laser light was applied on four different points (6 J, 150 sec and 150 J/cm(2) per point). Hypothyroidism was induced in rats with propylthiouracil (0.05 g/100 mL) administered orally for 4 weeks and maintained until the end of the experiment. Immunohistochemistry for collagen I and III was performed with EnVision(™) in the specimens removed. RESULTS: Seven days after the surgery EC, EL, and HL groups showed higher immunoexpression of collagen I and lower immunoexpression of collagen III in the newly formed tissue. There was increased immunoexpression of collagen I in EC when compared with HC (p=0.019). The immunoexpression of collagen III was significantly lower in EL than in EC (p=0.047) and HL (p=0.019). No significant difference was found in the experimental period of 14 days among the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Laser light therapy performed with the parameters of this investigation increased immunoexpression of collagen type I during tissue repair, and improved the quality of newly formed tissue in the presence of hypothyroidism.

Laser GaAlAs (λ860 nm) photobiomodulation for the treatment of bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis of the jaw.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this article is to report a case of bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis (ONJ-BP) of the jaw treated by curettage of the necrotic bone, low-level laser therapy (LLLT), and antibiotic therapy. BACKGROUND DATA: ONJ-BP is characterized by painful ulcerations of the oral mucosa, is prone to bone necrosis that does not heal within 8 weeks after diagnosis, and is often difficult to treat. No definitive standard of care has been established for ONJ-BP. LLLT improves wound healing, relieves pain, and appears to be a promising treatment modality for patients with ONJ-BP. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An 82-year-old man taking intravenous bisphosphonate presented with ONJ-BP after tooth extraction. The patient was treated by LLLT using a GaAlAs diode laser with the following settings: wavelength, 860 nm; 70 mW; continuous wave; and spot size 4 mm(2). An energy density of 4.2 J/cm(2) per point was applied in a punctual contact manner every 48 h for 10 days, in association with antibiotic therapy and curettage of the necrotic bone. Reduction in painful symptoms was reported after the second irradiation session, and tissue healing was complete at the end of the third week following oral curettage. The patient was followed up for 12 months and exhibited good oral healt and quality of life. CONCLUSIONS: The therapeutic protocol used in this study had a positive effect on tissue healing and remission of painful symptoms, resulting in better oral health and quality of life for the patient.

Maternal and post-weaning exposure to a high fat diet promotes visceral obesity and hepatic steatosis in adult rats / La exposición en el periodo perinatal y el postdestete a una dieta alta en grasas promueve la obesidad visceral y la esteatosis hepática en ratas adultas

Aim: considering the frequent consumption of fatrich diets by women of reproductive age, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of maternal consumption of a high-fat diet during the perinatal and/ or post-weaning period on the liver parameters and lipid metabolism of young rats. Methods: Wistar female rats were fed a high-fat (H) or control (C) diet during pregnancy and lactation. The offspring were allocated to four groups: Control Control (CC, n = 11), offspring fed a control diet after weaning; Control High-fat (CH, n = 10), offspring fed a high-fat diet after weaning; High-fat High-fat (HH, n = 10), offspring of mothers H fed a high-fat diet after weaning; and High-fat Control (HC, n = 9), offspring of mothers H fed with control diet after weaning. Results and discussion: the food intake did not differ among the groups, however, the relative weight of the adipose tissue was higher in animals from the HC, HH and CH groups (p ≤ 0.005). Liver steatosis was found in the CH and HH animals, which also exhibited hypercholesterolemia (p ≤ 0.05). The levels of the liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) were higher in the HH group, and the LDL level was higher in the CH group compared to the CC. The consumption of an obesogenic diet during critical periods of development may contribute to the occurrence of visceral obesity, liver steatosis and hypercholesterolemia in adult rats, even in the absence of changes in dietary intake (AU)

Objetivo: teniendo en cuenta el consumo frecuente de dietas ricas en grasas por las mujeres en edad reproductiva, el objetivo del presente estudio fue investigar los efectos del consumo materno de una dieta alta en grasas durante el período perinatal y/o post-destete en el hígado y el metabolismo de los lípidos en ratas jóvenes. Métodos: ratas hembra Wistar fueron alimentadas durante el embarazo y la lactancia con un alto contenido de grasa (H) o de control (C). La descendencia se asignó a cuatro grupos: Control (CC, n = 11), descendencia alimentada con una dieta de control después del destete; Control de dieta alta en grasa (CH, n = 10), crías alimentadas con una dieta alta en grasas después del destete; Alta en grasas de alta en grasa (HH, n = 10), hijos de madres H alimentados con una dieta alta en grasas después del destete; y Control de alta en grasa (HC, n = 9), hijos de madres H alimentados con dieta de control tras el destete. Resultados y discusión: la ingesta de alimentos no difirió entre los grupos; sin embargo, el peso relativo del tejido adiposo fue mayor en los animales de los grupos HC, HH y CH (p ≤ 0,005). La esteatosis hepática se encontró en los CH y HH, que también presentaban hipercolesterolemia (p ≤ 0,05). Los niveles de las enzimas hepáticas alanina aminotransferasa (ALT) y gamma-glutamil transpeptidasa (GGT) fueron mayores en el grupo de HH, y el nivel de LDL fue mayor en el grupo CH en comparación con el CC. El consumo de la dieta propició la obesidad durante los períodos críticos del desarrollo y puede contribuir a la aparición de obesidad visceral, esteatosis hepática e hipercolesterolemia en ratas adultas, incluso en ausencia de cambios en la ingesta dietética (AU)

Association between childhood obesity and oral hygiene status / Asociación entre la obesidad infantil y el estado de higiene oral

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the oral hygiene status in pediatric obese patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from 2011 to 2012, which evaluated 180 Brazilian pediatric patients, 6-14 years old, girls and boys, recruited according to two Body Mass Index (BMI) categories: obese and non-obese (healthy weight). For the evaluation the oral hygiene status, the study used Oral Hygiene Index (OHI) and Gingival Bleeding Index (GBI). Results: According to the total sample, 5/60 obese (8.3%) and 57/120 non-obese (47.5%) had good OHI, while 23/60 obese (38.4%) and 3/120 non-obese (2.5%) were classified in a low level of OHI, with a significance between the groups (p < 0.001), even after sorting by age. According to the classification of GBI, 60/60 obese (100.0%) and 89/120 non-obese (74.2%) had GBI 1 (bleeding gingiva), and 0/60 obese and 31/120 non-obese (25.8%) were classified as GBI 0 (healthy gingiva), with a significance between the groups (p < 0.001), even after sorting by age. Conclusions: This study indicated that OHI and GBI were significantly higher in the obese children group (AU)

Objetivo: El propósito de este estudio fue evaluar el estado de higiene oral en pacientes pediátrica con obesidad. Métodos: Un estudio transversal realizado en Brasil en el período 2011-2012, que evaluó 180 pacientes pediátricos de 6 a 14 años, niños y niñas, reclutados en el Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC) y separados en dos categorías: obesos y no obesos (peso saludable). Para evaluar el estado de la higiene oral, el estudio utilizó Índice de Higiene Oral (OHI) y índice de sangrado gingival (GBI). Resultados: De acuerdo con la muestra total, 5/60 obesos (8,3%) y 57/120 no obesos (47,5%) tuvieron buena OHI, mientras que 23/60 obesos (38,4%) y 3/120 no obesos (2,5%) fueron clasificado en un nivel bajo de OHI, con una significación entre los grupos (p < 0,001), incluso después de la clasificación por edades. De acuerdo con la clasificación de GBI, 60/60 obesos (100,0%) y 89/120 no obesos (74,2%) tenían GBI 1 (gingiva sangrante), y 0/60 obesos y 31/120 no obesos (25,8%) fueron clasificados como GBI 0 (gingiva sana), con una significación entre los grupos (p < 0,001), incluso después de la clasificación por edades. Conclusiones: Este estudio indicó que OHI y GBI fueron significativamente mayores en el grupo de niños obesos (AU)

Reabilitação com obturador maxilar após cirurgia oncológica: relato de casos / Rehabilitation with maxillary obturator after oncological surgery: case reports

A prótese bucomaxilofacial permite a reabilitação de pacientes que sofreram algum tipo de mutilação facial. A reabilitação protética e utilização de obturadores maxilares após maxilectomia com comunicação das cavidades bucal e nasal possibilitam uma adequada condição de deglutição e fala, garantindo uma melhor qualidade de vida e reintegração social de portadores de sequelas cirúrgicas. O carcinoma mucoepidermoide (CME) é a neoplasia maligna de glândula salivar mais frequentemente encontrada na cavidade bucal, principalmente no palato e região parotídea. Já o carcinoma escamocelular (CEC) é uma das neoplasias malignas mais comuns na cavidade bucal, predominando na região de língua e assoalho, sendo rara na região de seio maxilar. Ambos os carcinomas apresentam-se frequentemente como um aumento de volume assintomático de evolução reativamente lenta, sendo a excisão cirúrgica com margem de segurança o tratamento de escolha. O objetivo deste artigo é relatar dois casos clínicos de reabilitação com prótese obturadora maxilar, após cirurgia oncológica para tratamento de CME e CEC em palato e seio maxilar respectivamente, seguido de comunicação buconasosinusal. A prótese possibilitou não apenas a devolução da estética mas também da função, permitindo a reintegração social do paciente.

A maxillofacial prosthesis allows the rehabilitation of patients who have suffered some type of facial mutilation. Prosthetic rehabilitation and the use of maxillary obturators after maxillectomy, with communication of the oral and nasal cavities, provide a suitable condition for swallowing and speech, ensuring a better quality of life and social reintegration of patients with surgical sequelae. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is a malignant neoplasm of the salivary gland most often found in the oral cavity, especially on the palate and in the parotid region. For its part squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is one of the most common malignancies in the oral cavity, predominantly in the region of the tongue and floor. It often presents as an asymptomatic bulging with a relatively slow progression, for which surgical excision, with a margin of safety, is the treatment of choice. The purpose of this paper is to report two cases of rehabilitation with a maxillary obturator prosthesis after oncologic surgery for treatment of MEC and SCC on the palate and a maxillary sinus, respectively, followed by buconasosinusal communication. The prosthesis allowed not only the recovery of an aesthetically pleasing appearance but also of function, making possible the patient's social reintegration.

Anquilose da articulação temporomandibular tratada por artroplastia interposicional com enxerto costocondral: relato de caso clínico / Ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint treated with interpositional arthroplasty and a costochondral graft: a case report

A anquilose da articulação temporomandibular (A.T.M) refere-se à união intracapsular do complexo disco-côndilo à superfície articular do osso temporal, restringindo, dessa forma, os movimentos articulares. A anquilose da A.T.M possui etiologia multifatorial, podendo estar ligada a processos infecciosos agudos na região articular, exposição a trauma, radioterapia e tumores na A.T.M. A anquilose causa distúrbios funcionais nos pacientes acometidos, como capacidade de mastigar limitada, dificuldade de fonação, limitação da higiene bucal, problemas na respiração, impedimento da erupção normal dos molares inferiores. o diagnóstico é feito pela correlação dos aspectos clínicos e imaginológicos. o tratamento para anquilose da A.T.M é constituído de terapia cirúrgica, com a finalidade de remover a massa anquilótica, reconstruir a articulação e devolver ao paciente as funções que foram comprometidas em decorrência dessa patologia.o presente artigo tem por objetivo relatar um caso de anquilose na A.T.M e seu tratamento por artroplastia interposicional com enxerto costocondral em uma paciente pediátrica. Conclui-se que a artroplastia interposicional com reconstrução, utilizando enxerto costocondral, representa uma boa alternativa para o tratamento de paciente com anquilose da ATM que se encontra em fase de crescimento, por se tratar de uma reconstrução com enxerto autógeno e material de interposição autógeno, evitando a rejeição, além das vantagens morfológicas apresentadas.

Ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) refers to the fusion of the capsule of the disc-condyle complex with the joint surface of the temporal bone, which restricts the movement of the joints. Ankylosis of the TMJ is multifactorial and may be related to acute infectious processes in the joint region, exposure to trauma, tumors and radiation therapy. Ankylosis produces functional changes in those affected, such as limitation of the ability to chew, difficulty in speaking, limited oral hygiene, respiratory problems, and difficulty with the normal eruption of the lower molars. diagnosis is made by correlating the clinical features with the results of imaging. The surgical treatment of ankylosis of the TMJ consists in removing the ankylotic mass, reconstructing the joint and restoring the patient's functions that have been impaired as a result of the pathological condition. This article reports a case of ankylosis of the TMJ treated by an interpositional arthroplasty and a costochondral graft in a pediatric patient. We conclude that interposicional arthroplasty with reconstruction using a costochondral graft, represents a good option in the treatment of patients with ankylosis of the TMJ, which is in a phase of growth, because it is a reconstruction using an autogenous graft and autogenous interposition material, thereby preventing rejection, in addition to its morphological advantages.

Simple bone cyst: a case report and review of the literature / Cisto ósseo simples: relato de caso e revisão da literatura

Simple bone cysts are pseudocysts affecting long bones and, less frequently, the jaws, especially the mandible. These cysts are generally detected during routine radiography, with the frequent observation of a well-delimited radiolucent area sending projections between the roots of the teeth involved. Simple bone cysts are mainly diagnosed during the second decade of life and have an excellent prognosis, but their etiology is uncertain. The aim of this paper is to report the case of a simple bone cyst in a 15-year-old adolescent seen at the Stomatology Outpatient Clinic, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia. The etiology, clinical course and prognosis of this lesion are discussed based on a systematic review of the literature.

Cistos ósseos simples são pseudocistos que afetam ossos longos e, menos frequentemente, os ossos maxilares, especialmente da mandíbula. Esses cistos geralmente são detectados durante os exames imaginológicos de rotina, com a observação frequente de uma área radiolúcida bem delimitada com projeções entre as raízes dos dentes envolvidos. Cistos ósseos simples são diagnosticados principalmente durante a segunda década de vida e possuem um excelente prognóstico, mas a sua etiologia é incerta. O objetivo deste artigo é relatar o caso de um cisto ósseo simples em um adolescente de 15 anos de idade, visto no Ambulatório de Estomatologia da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal da Bahia. A etiologia, curso clínico e prognóstico desta lesão são discutidos com base em uma revisão de literatura sistemática.

A importância do diagnóstico do líquen plano bucal / The importance of diagnostic of oral lichen planus

O líquen plano (LP) é uma desordem mucocutânea de etiologia ainda desconhecida, mas com evidências de associação a uma resposta imune celular mediada. Na mucosa bucal, possui várias formas clínicas, o que dificulta o seu diagnóstico. O LP é de especial interesse parao cirurgião-dentista pelo seu controverso potencial de malignização e pela possibilidade de estar associado ao vírus da hepatite C. O objetivo deste artigo é realizar uma revisão da literatura e relatar um caso clínico de líquen plano bucal (LPB), localizado em borda lateral de língua, ressaltando os aspectos clínicos e histopatológicos, importantes para o seu reconhecimento.

Lichen planus (LP) is an unknown etiology mucocutaneous disorder, thus showing evidence of association with a cell-mediated immune response. In the oral mucosa, several clinical manifestations are observed, which difficulties diagnosis. The LP is of particular interest to the dentistry practitioner due its controversial malignant potential and the possibility of being associated with hepatitis C. The aim of this article is to review and report a clinical case of oral oral lichen planus (OLP), located in tongue's lateral border, emphasizing the clinical and histopathological important for its recognition.

Avaliação dos hábitos de higiene bucal em pacientes pediátricos obesos / Evaluation of oral hygiene habits in pediatric obese patients

Objetivo: Avaliar os hábitos de higiene bucal em pacientes pediátricos obesos. Métodos: Foi realizado estudo transversal no período de 2011 a 2012, a partir da avaliação de 180 crianças e adolescentes na faixa etária de 6 a 14 anos, de ambos os sexos, divididos em dois grupos (obesos e eutróficos), de acordo com a avaliação do índice de massa corporal. Para isso foi aplicado um formulário do tipo entrevista, considerando, além das características sociais, dados sobre os hábitos de higiene bucal, como a frequência de visitas ao dentista, frequência de escovação e uso do fio dental. Resultados: A análise dos dados demonstrou que 25 obesos (41,7%) e 87 eutróficos (72,5%) frequentaram o consultório odontológico há menos de um ano; 19 obesos (31,7%) e 62 eutróficos (51,7%) realizaram avaliação odontológica pelo menos uma vez ao ano; e 5 obesos (8,3%) e 50 eutróficos (41,7%) escovavam os dentes três vezes por dia, variáveis que apresentaram diferença significativa entre os grupos (p < 0,001). Apenas dois obesos (3,3%) e 23 eutróficos (19,2%) utilizaram o fio dental (p = 0,004) e 6 obesos (10%) e apenas 1 eutrófico (0,8%) utilizaram enxaguatório bucal (p = 0,003). Conclusões: Os hábitos de higiene bucal dos pacientes obesos são realizados com menor frequência, quando comparados aos eutróficos...

Avaliação histológica do reparo de defeitos ósseos de tamanhos críticos tratados com enxerto xenógeno em ratos induzidos ao hipotireoidismo / Histological evaluation of critical size bone repair treated with xenogen graft in rats induced to hypothyroidism

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o reparo de defeitos de tamanho crítico comparando animais saudáveis, com hipotireoidismo e com ou sem enxerto ósseo (Bio-Oss Geistlich Pharma AG, Wolhusen, Suíça), e em dois tempos de morte (30 e 60 dias). Foram utilizados 42 animais da linhagem Wistar, distribuídos em dois grupos: Grupo 1 Eutireoideo, sem enxerto 30 dias (G1E30); Eutireoideo, sem enxerto 60 dias (G1E60); Hipotireoidiano, sem enxerto 30 dias (G1H30); e Hipotireoidiano, sem enxerto 60 dias (G1H60); e Grupo 2 Eutireoideo, com enxerto 30 dias (G2E30); Eutireoideo, com enxerto 60 dias (G2E60); Hipotireoidiano, com enxerto 30 dias (G2H30) e Hipotireoidiano, com enxerto 60 dias (G2H60). Os animais com hipotireoidismo foram induzidos por meio da diluição do propiltiouracil (PTU) na água de beber dos ratos. Foram confeccionados defeitos de tamanho crítico por meio de brocas trefinas na calvária desses animais, e posterior tratamento para confecção de lâminas, avaliação histológica e testes estatísticos. Um intervalo de confiança de 95% (p < 0,05) foi empregado. Os resultados encontrados revelaram que não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa no reparo cortical entre os animais hipotireoidianos e eutireoidianos nos dois tempos propostos, entretanto, foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas nos cruzamentos de 30 x 60 dias (G1E60 > G1E30; p = 0,01, G1H60 > G1H30; e p = 0,01, G2h60 > G2H30). A formação ao redor da partícula do enxerto não foi estatisticamente diferente na avaliação dentro do mesmo tempo de morte, contudo os animais com hipotireoidismo apresentaram uma formação associada à partícula estatisticamente maior ao final de 60 dias de reparo (G2H60 > G2H30 p=0,03). Diante dos achados, pode-se concluir que a condição sistêmica de hipotireoidismo pareceu não influir de forma significativa no reparo ósseo, e o enxerto pareceu contribuir de uma forma mais positiva para a formação óssea

The objective of this study was to evaluate the repair of critical-size defects by comparing normal animals, with hypothyroidism, with or without bone graft (Bio-Oss R GeistlichPharma AG, Wolhusen, Switzerland) and two times of death (30 and 60 days). It was used 42 Wistar animals, divided into two major groups namely: Group 1 Euthyroid without graft 30 days (G1E30) Euthyroid without graft 60 days (G1E60), hypothyroid, without graft 30 days (G1H30) and hypothyroid, 60 days without graft (G1H60) and Group 2 Euthyroid, graft 30 days (G2E30) Euthyroid, graft 60 days (G2E60), hypothyroid, graft 30 days (G2H30) and hypothyroid, graft 60 days (G2H60) . The animals were induced with hypothyroidism by dilution of propylthiouracil (OCT) in the drinking water of mice. Were prepared by critical-size defects in calvaria of drills you train these animals and subsequent treatment for the manufacture of blades, histological and statistical tests. A confidence interval of 95% (ñ <0.05) was employed. The results showed that there was no statistically significant difference in cortical repair between euthyroid and hypothyroid animals in the proposed two-stroke, however statistically significant differences were found at intersections 30x60 days (G1E60> G1E30, p = 0.01 G1H60> G1H30 and p = 0.01 G2h60> G2H30). The formation around the graft particles was not statistically different in the evaluation within the same time of death, but the animals with hypothyroidism had a particle formation associated with statistically higher at 60 days of repair (G2H60> G2H30 p = 0.03) Given the findings we can conclude that thesystemic condition did not appear to significantly affect bone healing, but the graft seemed to contribute to a more positive for bone formation in animals induced with the disorder

Carcinoma adenoescamoso da cavidade bucal: revisão de literatura / Oral adenosquamous carcinoma: literature review

O carcinoma adenoescamoso é um tumor agressivo, no qual são encontradas células neoplásicas com diferenciação escamosa e glandular. Quando estes componentes não são bem diferenciados ou não se encontram evidentes na amostra analisada, esse tumor pode ser erroneamente interpretado como carcinoma escamoso ou adenocarcinoma. Clinicamente estes tumores caracterizam-se por uma massa na base larga, nodular, indolor, com ou sem ulcerações na superfície, mais comum em adultos mais velhos e sem predileção por gênero. A análise microscópica evidencia uma mistura do carcinoma de células escamosas de superfície com um sdenocarcinoma ductal subjacente. Este artigo visa realizar uma revista de literatura e discutir sobre os aspectos clínicos, histológicos e agressividade desta neoplasia para estabelecimento de um diagnóstico e tratamento adequados

Displasia cleidocraniana: relato de casos / Cleidocranial dysplasia: cases report

A Displasia Cleidocraniana (DCC) constitui uma síndrome rara caracterizada por anormalidades envolvendo clavículas, crânio e mandíbula, além de alterações oculares e nos ossos longos. As manifestações bucais incluem distúrbios na erupção da dentição permanente, múltiplos dentes supranumerários, palato arqueado, além de maxila subdesenvolvida. O adequado tratamento dos indivíduos afetados exige uma atenção multidisciplinar. O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever dois casos clínicos de DCC, ressaltando aspectos clínicos e radiográficos importantes para o reconhecimento desta síndrome

Recuperação do espaço biológico para PPF: tracionamento ortodôntico ou aumento de coroa clínica? / Recovery of organic space for PPF: orthodontic traction or clinical crown increasing?

Em determinadas situações clínicas como cáries, fraturas, coroas curtas ou destruídas, onde não é possível a adaptação de próteses sem que esta se localize subgengivalmente, torna-se necessário a realização de cirurgia periodontal de aumento de coroa clínica ou tracionamento ortodôntico. É importante ressaltar que tais procedimentos devem respeitar as estruturas periodontais para que se aplique a técnica de forma correta obtendo sucesso estético, funcional e principalmente biológico. Os tratamentos pré-protéticos auxiliam o tratamento restaurador, na medida que promovem a exposição de estrutura dentária suficiente para proporcionar retenção, resistência e estabilidade, sem agredir os tecidos periodontais. Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar uma revisão de literatura abordando como condutas para recuperação do espaço biológico, a cirurgia periodontal para aumento de coroa clínica, com ou sem osteotomia, e a utilização do tracionamento ortodôntico imediato ou mediato, descrevendo e discutindo suas principais indicações, contra-indicações, vantagens, desvantagens e limitações