RESUMEN
ApoE single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) Cys112Arg (Epsilon-4), and Arg158Cys (Epsilon-2) have been implicated in cardiovascular and Alzheimer's disease, but their role in colorectal cancer (CRC) has not been extensively studied. We investigated whether ApoE polymorphisms alone or in combination with dietary factors selectively contribute to mismatch-repair (MMR) proficient (microsatellite stable/low or MSS/L) vs deficient (microsatellite unstable or MSI-H) CRCs. We carried out a case-control study with 906 CRC cases and 911 unaffected controls to examine the associations between ApoE polymorphisms and dietary factors and assessed their contribution to MSS/L and MSI-H CRCs. We used unconditional logistic regression to evaluate the associations between ApoE SNPs, tumour MSI status, and dietary factors after adjusting for age and sex. All statistical tests were two-sided. No significant differences in ApoE genotype frequencies were observed between CRC cases and unaffected controls. We observed that increased dietary intake of total fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, and red meat was significantly associated with CRC. Among non-ApoE4 carriers, 2-4 and >4 red meat servings/week were associated with developing MSS/L CRC (OR=1.51, 95% CI 1.10-2.07 and OR=1.80, 95% CI 1.30-2.48, respectively), whereas among ApoE4 allele carriers, four or more red meat servings/week were associated with MSI-H CRC (OR=4.62, 95% CI 1.20-17.77) when compared with the controls. ApoE isoforms modulate the risk of MSI-H and MSS/L CRCs among high red meat consumers.
Asunto(s)
Apolipoproteínas E/genética , Neoplasias Colorrectales/genética , Reparación del ADN/genética , Dieta , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple/genética , Adulto , Anciano , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Femenino , Genotipo , Humanos , Masculino , Carne , Inestabilidad de Microsatélites , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores de Riesgo , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
A case of infantile hemangioendothelioma of the liver is reported in a 18 day-old male neonate. The neonate presented with CHF. He had hepatomegaly, but lacked the third component of the classical triad i.e. cutaneous hemangiomas. The S.A.F.P levels were raised to 920 ng/ml, though rise is rare in infantile hemangioendothelioma and led to the clinical diagnosis of hepatoblastoma. A left hepatic resection was performed, the histology showed a type I pattern of the tumor. This is known to be associated with a good prognosis. The baby is well post resection for a follow up period of six months.
Asunto(s)
Insuficiencia Cardíaca/congénito , Hemangioendotelioma/patología , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patología , Humanos , Recién Nacido , MasculinoRESUMEN
Alfin1 cDNA, obtained by differential screening of a poly(A)+ library from salt-tolerant alfalfa cells, encodes a novel protein with a Cys4 and His/Cys3 putative zinc-binding domain that suggests a possible role for this protein in transcriptional regulation. We have expressed the cDNA in Escherichia coli and show that the recombinant Alfin1 protein binds DNA in a sequence-specific manner. The DNA recognition sequence was determined from individual clones isolated after four rounds of random oligonucleotide selection in gel retardation assays, coupled with PCR amplification of the selected sequences. The consensus binding site for Alfin1 is shown to contain two to five G-rich triplets with the conserved core of GNGGTG or GTGGNG in clones showing high-efficiency binding. DNA binding of the recombinant Alfin1 was inhibited by EDTA. Alfin1 mRNA was found predominantly in alfalfa roots. Growth of salt-sensitive Medicago sativa L on 171 mM NaCl led to a slight decrease in Alfin1 mRNA, while the salt-tolerant plants showed no decrease in Alfin1 mRNA levels. Interestingly, recombinant Alfin1 binds efficiently to three fragments of the MsPRP2 promoter, each containing consensus sequences identified by the random oligonucleotide selection. Since MsPRP2 transcripts were shown to be root-specific and accumulated in alfalfa roots in a salt-inducible manner, Alfin1 may play a role in the regulated expression of MsPRP2 in alfalfa roots and contribute to salt tolerance in these plants.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas de Unión al ADN/metabolismo , Regulación de la Expresión Génica de las Plantas , Medicago sativa/genética , Medicago sativa/metabolismo , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Regiones Promotoras Genéticas , Cloruro de Sodio/farmacología , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Secuencia de Bases , Sitios de Unión , Clonación Molecular , Secuencia de Consenso , Secuencia Conservada , ADN Complementario , Proteínas de Unión al ADN/química , Proteínas de Unión al ADN/genética , Regulación de la Expresión Génica de las Plantas/efectos de los fármacos , Hordeum/genética , Hordeum/metabolismo , Medicago sativa/efectos de los fármacos , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Concentración Osmolar , Raíces de Plantas , ARN Mensajero/genética , Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusión/química , Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusión/metabolismo , Mapeo Restrictivo , Alineación de Secuencia , Homología de Secuencia de Aminoácido , Transcripción Genética , Dedos de ZincRESUMEN
Using 'A' and 'C' methylation-specific restriction enzymes, namely, MboI, Sau3AI, DpnI, MspI, and HpaII, total rice cv Basmati 370 DNA, repetitive DNAs, and a specific repeat sequence indicated an abundance of adenine methylation. Although cytosine methylation in 5'-CCGG-3' sequences suggested more CpC methylation than CpG, the 'C' methylation in sequence 5'-GATC-3' was comparatively less than 'A' methylation. Furthermore, the presence of adenine methylation was tissue specific; it was predominant in rice shoot DNA as compared to embryo DNA. This pattern was also observed in two other cultivars of rice, i.e., R-24 and Sona, and was again confirmed using a cloned probe of a specific repeat sequence. Besides the changes in adenine methylation, there was also a qualitative change in 5mC from CpG to CpC dinucleotides in these two tissue systems.