RESUMEN
There is lack of understanding on controlling of mechanical properties of moisture-curing PU/MF microcapsules which limited its further application. PU/MF microcapsules containing a core of isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) were prepared with different chain extenders, polyetheramine D400, H2O, triethylenetetramine and polyetheramine (PEA) D230 by following a two-step synthesis method in this study. Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, Malvern particle sizing, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). And micromanipulation technique was used to identify chemical bonds in the shell, size distributions, structure, thickness, and mechanical properties of microcapsules. The results show that PU/MF microcapsules were successfully prepared. Tr increased from 46.4 ± 13.9 N/m to 75.8 ± 23.3 N/m when extender changed from D400 to D230. And the Tr increased from 51.3 ± 14.1 to 94.8 ± 17.5 N/m when the swelling time increased from 1 to 3h. Morphologies of the shell were utilised to understand the mechanism of reactions in forming the shell materials.
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Composición de Medicamentos/métodos , Poliaminas/química , Polímeros/química , Triazinas/química , Cápsulas/química , Tamaño de la Partícula , Trientina/química , Agua/químicaRESUMEN
Moisture curing type self-healing microcapsules become more attractive, while instability of active core material crippled the efficiency of self-healing behaviour. Polyurea (PU)/melamine formaldehyde (MF) double-layered self-healing microcapsules containing isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) core with high and stable core fraction were prepared. The structure, morphology, particle size and distribution were studied with Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and Mastersizer 3000. The influences of process conditions were investigated to uncover the principle of core fraction and morphology of microcapsules. The core fraction of microcapsules was reduced with the increase of ageing time, and microcapsules prepared with ice-bath, polyetheramine (PEA) and prepolymer of melamine formaldehyde (P-MF) had higher core fraction and better morphology. PEA D230 and 1500 rpm agitation rate were chosen according to optimised trade-offs in the core fraction and morphology of the microcapsules.
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Polímeros/química , Triazinas/química , Cápsulas/químicaRESUMEN
A novel styrylcyanine-based fluorescent probe 1 was designed and synthesized via facile methods. Ferric ions quenched the fluorescence of probe 1, whereas the addition of ferrous ions led to only small changes in the fluorescence signal. When hydrogen peroxide was introduced into the solution containing probe 1 and Fe(2+) , Fe(2+) was oxidized to Fe(3+), resulting in the quenching of the fluorescence. The probe 1/Fe(2+) solution fluorescence could also be quenched by H2 O2 released from glucose oxidation by glucose oxidase (GOD), which means that probe 1/Fe(2+) platform could be used to detect glucose. Probe 1 is fluorescent in basic and neutral media but almost non-fluorescent in strong acidic environments. Such behaviour enables it to work as a fluorescent pH sensor in both the solution and solid states and as a chemosensor for detecting volatile organic compounds with high acidity and basicity. Subsequently, the fluorescence microscopic images of probe 1 in live cells and in zebrafish were achieved successfully, suggesting that the probe has good cell membrane permeability and a potential application for imaging in living cells and living organisms.
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Compuestos Férricos/análisis , Colorantes Fluorescentes/química , Glucosa/análisis , Peróxido de Hidrógeno/análisis , Animales , Embrión no Mamífero/diagnóstico por imagen , Glucosa Oxidasa/química , Células HeLa , Humanos , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Microscopía Fluorescente , Oxidación-Reducción , Quinolinas/química , Pez Cebra/embriologíaRESUMEN
Polarity is a significant intracellular environmental parameter associated with cancer, while cyanide (CN-) is known to be highly toxic to humans. In this work, we designed a dual-functional fluorescent probe (TPABT) for simultaneous detection of polarity and CN-. As a polarity sensor, the probe exhibits NIR emission at 766 nm in 1,4-dioxane (non-polar solvent), whose emission intensity is 71-fold stronger than that in water (polar solvent). Meanwhile, the fluorescence intensity and quantum yield are linearly related to solvent polarity, confirming the polarity response ability of TPABT. For cell polarity detection, low cytotoxicity and polarity sensitivity of probe enable the applications for differentiating cancer cells (HeLa, 4TI) from normal cells (HUV, 3 T3) and monitoring the polarity changes of 4TI cells. As a CN- sensor, TPABT displays a turn-on fluorescence at 640 nm upon the addition of CN-, with advantages of anti-interference, response in aqueous media and low detection limit (22 nM). Additionally, we further explored the practical applications of TPABT for CN- determination in three types of real water samples (drinking water, tap water and lake water) and living cells. Notably, TPABT responses to polarity and CN- in two independent fluorescence channels of 766 and 640 nm, respectively, ensuring the dual functions for polarity and CN- sensing. Consequently, this multi-responsive fluorescent probe TPABT is promising to diagnose polarity-related diseases and detect CN- in real environments.
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Agua Potable , Colorantes Fluorescentes , Tiofenos , Humanos , Cianuros/toxicidad , Espectrometría de Fluorescencia , SolventesRESUMEN
An imbalance in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in tumor cells can result in the accumulation of lipid peroxide (LPO) which can induce ferroptosis. Moreover, elevated ROS levels in tumors present a chance to develop ROS-based cancer therapeutics including photodynamic therapy (PDT) and ferroptosis. However, their anticancer efficacies are compromised by insufficient oxygen levels and inherent cellular ROS regulatory mechanism. Herein, a cell membrane-targeting photosensitizer, TBzT-CNQi, which can generate 1O2, â¢OH, and O2 â¢- via type I/II process to induce a high level of LPO for potent ferroptosis and photodynamic therapy is developed. The FSP1 inhibitor (iFSP1) is incorporated with TBzT-CNQi to downregulate FSP1 expression, lower the intracellular CoQ10 content, induce a high level of LPO, and activate initial tumor immunogenic ferroptosis. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate that the cell membrane-targeting type I/II PDT combination with FSP1 inhibition can evoke strong ICD and activate the immune response, which subsequently promotes the invasion of CD8+ T cells infiltration, facilitates the dendritic cell maturation, and decreases the tumor infiltration of tumor-associated macrophages. The study indicates that the combination of cell membrane-targeting type I/II PDT and FSP1 inhibition holds promise as a potential strategy for ferroptosis-enhanced photodynamic immunotherapy of hypoxia tumors.
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Ferroptosis , Fotoquimioterapia , Fármacos Fotosensibilizantes , Proteína de Unión al Calcio S100A4 , Ferroptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Fotoquimioterapia/métodos , Animales , Ratones , Humanos , Proteína de Unión al Calcio S100A4/metabolismo , Fármacos Fotosensibilizantes/farmacología , Fármacos Fotosensibilizantes/uso terapéutico , Línea Celular Tumoral , Membrana Celular/metabolismo , Inmunoterapia/métodos , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , FemeninoRESUMEN
Due to the "Achilles' heels" of hypoxia, complicated location in solid tumor, small molecular photosensitizers with second near-infrared window (NIR-II) fluorescence, type-I photodynamic therapy (PDT), and photothermal therapy (PTT) have attracted great attention. However, these photosensitizers are still few but yet challenging. Herein, an "all in one" NIR-II acceptor-donor-acceptor fused-ring photosensitizer, Y6-Th, is presented for the in-depth diagnosis and efficient treatment of cancer. Benefiting from the strong intramolecular charge transfer, promoted highly efficient intersystem crossing, largely p-conjugated fused-ring structure, and reduced planarity, the fabricated nanoparticles (Y6-Th nanoparticles) can emit NIR-II fluorescence with the peak located at 1020 nm, exclusively generate O2â¢- for type-I PDT, and display excellent PTT performance under an 808 nm laser stimulation. These characteristics make Y6-Th a distinguished NIR-wavelength-triggered phototheranostic agent, which can effectively therapy the hypoxic tumor using NIR-II-fluorescence-guided type-I PDT/PTT. This work provides a valuable guideline for fabricating high-performing NIR-II emissive superoxide radical photogenerators.
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Nanopartículas , Fotoquimioterapia , Fármacos Fotosensibilizantes , Superóxidos , Fotoquimioterapia/métodos , Superóxidos/metabolismo , Superóxidos/química , Animales , Fármacos Fotosensibilizantes/química , Fármacos Fotosensibilizantes/farmacología , Fármacos Fotosensibilizantes/uso terapéutico , Ratones , Humanos , Nanopartículas/química , Terapia Fototérmica/métodos , Línea Celular Tumoral , Rayos Infrarrojos , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Femenino , Neoplasias/terapia , Neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias/patología , Hipoxia Tumoral/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
A new naked-eye chromogenic chemosensor based on 2-thiohydantoin shows high selectivity for fluoride ions and is used to develop a test paper for detection of fluoride ions in the solid state.
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Técnicas de Química Analítica/métodos , Compuestos Cromogénicos/química , Colorimetría , Fluoruros/química , Tiohidantoínas/química , Fluoruros/análisis , Iones , Espectroscopía de Resonancia Magnética , SolucionesRESUMEN
Excessive residual hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) disinfectant in food is harmful to human health. Therefore, it is necessary to develop efficient detection methods for H2O2 detection. In this work, we designed and synthesized five D-A molecules 3a-3e by introducing electron-donor substituents (-OCH3 and -CH3) to the electron-acceptor dicyanoisophorone skeleton in order to find out the suitable probes for H2O2 detection. Among them, two promising probes, 3a and 3c, are screened out according to structure-property relationships. Based on the principle of intramolecular charge transfer (ICT), 3a and 3c express colorimetric and fluorescent dual-signals towards H2O2 with low detection limits (0.20 µM and 0.14 µM) and rapid response (within 20 mins). The reaction mechanism between probes and H2O2 is determined by 1H NMR and HRMS. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations are measured to study the regulation mechanism of structure adjustment on probs performance. Furthermore, a smartphone RGB analysis is utilized as a portable platform for the quantitative detection of H2O2 without complicated instruments, indicating a high efficiency and on-site detection method for H2O2. In addition, probes are applied to detect H2O2 in milk samples, HepG-2 cells and zebrafish, suggesting the promising applications in food samples and physiological systems.
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Colorantes Fluorescentes , Peróxido de Hidrógeno , Animales , Humanos , Peróxido de Hidrógeno/análisis , Colorantes Fluorescentes/química , Colorimetría , Leche/química , Pez CebraRESUMEN
Introduction: The high concentration of glutathione (GSH) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels within the tumor microenvironment (TME) are the major obstacle to induce the unsatisfactory anticancer treatment efficiency. The synergistic cancer therapy strategies of the combination the GSH depletion enhanced chemodynamic therapy (CDT) with photothermal therapy (PTT) have been proved to be the promising method to significantly improve the therapeutic efficacy. Methods: The copperphosphotungstate was incorporated into polyanilines to design copperphosphotungstate doped polyaniline nanorods (CuPW@PANI Nanorods) via chemical oxidant polymerization of aniline. The low long-term toxicity and biocompatibility were evaluated. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments were carried out to confirm the GSH depletion enhanced CDT/NIR-II PTT synergistic therapy. Results: CuPW@PANI Nanorods feature biosafety and biocompatibility, strong NIR-II absorbance, and high photothermal-conversion efficiency (45.14%) in NIR-II bio-window, making them highly applicable for photoacoustic imaging and NIR-II PTT. Moreover, CuPW@PANI Nanorods could consume endogenous GSH to disrupt redox homeostasis and perform a Fenton-like reaction with H2O2 to produce cytotoxic â¢OH for the enhanced CDT. Furthermore, NIR-II photothermal-induced local hyperthermia accelerates â¢OH generation to enhance CDT, which realizes high therapeutic efficacy in vivo. Conclusion: This study provides a proof of concept of GSH-depletion augmented chemodynamic/NIR-II photothermal therapy.
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Nanopartículas , Nanotubos , Neoplasias , Humanos , Terapia Fototérmica , Peróxido de Hidrógeno/farmacología , Compuestos de Anilina/farmacología , Glutatión , Línea Celular Tumoral , Microambiente TumoralRESUMEN
A novel chitosan Schiff base derivative (CVZ) doped with ZnO nanoparticles (ZnONPs) was synthesized and investigated. The corrosion protection performance was evaluated via electrochemical measurements and surface analyses. Compared to the undoped derivative (CV), the results show that the corrosion inhibition efficiency of CVZ sharply increases from 67.7 % to 99.6 %. The surface mean roughness decreases from 1.2350 µm of the blank sample to 0.7004 µm with CVZ protection. Additionally, the inhibition mechanism of the inhibitor and the synergistic effect between CV and ZnONPs were discussed. The strategy of organic/inorganic hybrid and the synergistic effect can inspire the development of chitosan as a green corrosion inhibitor with low concentration and high efficiency.
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Quitosano , Óxido de Zinc , Quitosano/farmacología , Corrosión , Solución Salina , Cloruro de Sodio , Óxido de Zinc/farmacologíaRESUMEN
Hydrogel strain sensors with extreme temperature tolerance have recently gained great attention. However, the sensing ability of these hydrogel strain sensors changes with temperature, resulting in the variety of output signals that causes signal distortion. In this study, double-network hydrogels comprising SiO2 nanoparticles composed of polyacrylamide and phytic acid-doped polypyrrole were prepared and applied on strain sensors with a wide sensing range, high adhesiveness, and invariable strain sensitivity under flame and cold environments. The hydrogels had stable conductivity, excellent adhesive strength of up to 79.7 kPa on various substrates, and high elongation of up to 1896% at subzero temperature and after heating. They also exhibited effective flame retardancy with low surface temperature (71.2 °C) after 1200 s of heating (200 °C) and antifreezing properties at a low temperature of -20 °C. Remarkably, even under cold temperature and heat treatment, the hydrogel-based strain sensor displayed consistent sensing behaviors in detecting human motions with a broad strain range (up to 500%) and steady gauge factor (GF, â¼2.90). Therefore, this work paves the way for the applications of hydrogel sensors in robotic skin, human-mechanical interfaces, and health monitoring devices under harsh operating environments.
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Hidrogeles , Polímeros , Adhesividad , Frío , Conductividad Eléctrica , Humanos , Hidrogeles/química , Pirroles , Dióxido de SilicioRESUMEN
A novel and eco-friendly chitosan derivative was synthesized as green corrosion inhibitors on C3003 aluminum alloy in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution. In this paper, CP was prepared by Schiff Base reaction with chitosan and 4-pyridinecarboxaldehyde. Then, TiO2 was dispersed in CP to prepare CPT nanocomposite. The corrosion inhibition effect of CPT on C3003 aluminum alloy at different concentrations were studied with electrochemical techniques and surface analysis. The results showed that the maximum inhibition efficiency of CPT nanocomposite reaches to 94.5 % at 200 ppm after the immersed in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution for 72 h. Meanwhile, the contact angle increases to 120° due to the formation of hydrophobic substances. The strategy of organic/inorganic hybrid can provide the inspiration for the development of chitosan corrosion inhibitor with low concentration and high efficiency.
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Aleaciones/química , Aluminio/química , Quitosano/análogos & derivados , Quitosano/química , Nanocompuestos/química , Cloruro de Sodio/química , Adsorción , Corrosión , Técnicas Electroquímicas/métodos , Tecnología Química Verde/métodos , Microscopía Electrónica de Rastreo/métodos , Piridinas/química , Bases de Schiff/química , Acero/química , Propiedades de Superficie , Titanio/químicaRESUMEN
Cyanide detection methods are urgently needed due to the highly lethal to human beings. Herein, we report two fluorescence probes (Probe 1 and Probe 2) based on cyanoethylene group for cyanide anion (CN-) detection. The selective recognition for CN- was confirmed by the completely opposite green fluorescence of Probe 1 and red fluorescence of Probe 2 observed by fluorescence spectra and naked eyes. The probes take advantages of the large Stokes shift (~160 nm), rapid response (30 s), anti-interference performance and low detection limit (Probe 1: 12.4 nM, Probe 2: 101 nM). The sensing mechanism is certificated to the nucleophilic attack of CN- to electron-deficient cyanoethylene group of probes, which was demonstrated by 1H NMR titration, HR-MS, Job's plot and IR spectroscopy. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were carried out to analyze the mechanism in theory. Further, practical applications were studied. Easy-to-use test strips treated with Probe 1 or Probe 2 are capable of CN- detection in pure drinking water. The good biocompatibility and membrane penetrability have achieved the bioimaging capability of Probe 1 and Probe 2 in living HepG-2 cells, making the probes promising for use in real lives.
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Acrilonitrilo , Agua Potable , Cianuros , Colorantes Fluorescentes , Humanos , Espectroscopía de Resonancia Magnética , Espectrometría de FluorescenciaRESUMEN
Aiming at the problem that the reported smart optical metallohydrogels were limited with poor mechanical properties, we reported here a novel smart optical metallohydrogel (Al-hydrogel) with excellent elongation, shape-memory ability, self-healing property, and controllable fluorescence intensity. The Al-hydrogel was obtained by the HHPMA-Al3+ and carboxylate-Al3+ coordination after one-pot micellar copolymerization of acrylic acid (AAc), acrylamide (AAm), and hydrophobic arylhydrazone-based ligand (HHPMA). This hydrogel was able to extend up to 5000% of its original length without fracture. Its emission intensity was tunable by OH-/H+ or Zn2+/AAc and increased by 500% with 0.1 M OH- or Zn2+. Its tunable fluorescence enabled us to repeatedly pattern it. A reversible system consisting of Fe3+/H+, was implemented to control the shape of the Al-hydrogel, endowing the Al-hydrogel with shape-memory ability. This highly stretchable and multifunctional Al-hydrogel has potential applications in information transmission, wearable devices, and flexible sensors.
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Nucleus imaging is of great importance for understanding cellular processes of genetic expression, proliferation and growth, etc. Although many nucleic-acid selective dyes for nucleus staining are available, few of them meet multiple standards. Herein, we report a cationic fluorescence dye FTI that possesses visible light excitation (436â¯nm), orange emission (571â¯nm) and a large Stokes shift (~135â¯nm) for nucleic-acid staining. FTI displays an obvious and sensitive fluorescent response to DNA in vitro with a 6.4-fold quantum yield increasing. Co-staining and nucleic acid digest experiments in live cells demonstrate that FTI exhibits an unexpected selectivity for the nucleolus of the cells due to the stronger affinity to RNA than DNA. Because of good photostability and low cytotoxicity, FTI can accomplish a promising stain for DNA recognition in vitro and nucleolus-specific imaging in cancer cells.
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Nucléolo Celular/metabolismo , ADN/metabolismo , Fluorenos/química , Colorantes Fluorescentes/química , Compuestos de Piridinio/química , Estabilidad de Medicamentos , Fluorenos/síntesis química , Fluorenos/efectos de la radiación , Fluorenos/toxicidad , Fluorescencia , Colorantes Fluorescentes/síntesis química , Colorantes Fluorescentes/efectos de la radiación , Colorantes Fluorescentes/toxicidad , Células Hep G2 , Humanos , Sustancias Intercalantes/síntesis química , Sustancias Intercalantes/química , Sustancias Intercalantes/efectos de la radiación , Sustancias Intercalantes/toxicidad , Luz , Microscopía Confocal , Microscopía Fluorescente , Compuestos de Piridinio/síntesis química , Compuestos de Piridinio/efectos de la radiación , Compuestos de Piridinio/toxicidadRESUMEN
We reported here a new platform of supramolecular hydrogels cross-linked by the cooperation of metal-ligand coordination and hydrophobic interaction. A salicylaldehyde benzoyl hydrazone-terminal poly(ethylene glycol) (2SBH-PEG) was synthesized and formed small micelles in an aqueous environment. Addition of Ni2+ connected the low-molecular-weight 2SBH-PEG into a metallopolymer via metal-ligand coordination and led to micelle aggregation, resulting in gelation due to the enhancement of hydrophobic interaction. The forming hydrogel, Ni-PEGel, exhibited rapid self-healing ability and reversible pH-responsive property. Because of the containing metal coordination bond, it was also sensitive to the strong competing ligands, such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and pyridine. In addition, Ni-PEGel showed colorimetric changes when exposed to biogenic amine (BA) vapor. The color development of Ni-PEGel toward BAs makes it a good candidate in monitoring food spoilage.
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Hidrogeles/química , Aminas Biogénicas , Interacciones Hidrofóbicas e Hidrofílicas , Micelas , PolietilenglicolesRESUMEN
Real-time and long-term nucleus labeling is of great significance for understanding and elucidating cellular and molecular processes in the life sciences, such as gene expression, replication, recombination, and repair, but remains challenging because of the lack of ideal imaging probes. Traditional commercial DNA stains for live-cell imaging either suffer from low water solubility, high cytotoxicity and photobleaching or have small Stokes shifts and low ultraviolet (UV) light excitation; these intrinsic drawbacks limit their utility. Here, a far-red DNA stain (PTB) is explored for in vitro long-term nucleus tracking and in vivo tumor growth monitoring. PTB exhibits a large Stokes shift (â¼110 nm), far-red emission (625 nm), and a 73.8-fold increase in fluorescence upon binding with DNA. Compared to currently used nucleus stains, PTB also displays low cytotoxicity and good photostability and biocompatibility. More importantly, the results of in vitro studies reveal that PTB can be tracked in stained HepG-2 cancer cells for up to 11 generations. Moreover, PTB demonstrates effective long-term (i.e., 21 days) tumor growth imaging in vivo. The combination of these remarkable properties makes PTB a promising far-red DNA stain.
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Organic fluorophores emerge as important stains for bioimaging and biosensing, especially for fluorophores with aggregation-induced emission characters. However, the development of organic fluorophores with efficient AIE properties expand to far-red and/or near-infrared is still a great challenge. Herein, we precisely design and synthesize a novel D-π-A type of near-infrared AIE fluorophore (TPE-PTZ-R) by introducing phenothiazine (PTZ) to modify the typical AIE unit (tetraphenylethylene, TPE). TPE-PTZ-R displays good optical properties including a large Stokes shift and typical AIE properties. We next fabricate the uniform and stable AIE nanoparticles by loading Pluronic F127 and apply it in cellular bioimaging with high uptake efficiency, low cytotoxicity and good photostability.
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Colorantes Fluorescentes , Rayos Infrarrojos , Ensayo de Materiales , Nanopartículas/química , Imagen Óptica/métodos , Poloxámero , Colorantes Fluorescentes/química , Colorantes Fluorescentes/farmacología , Células HeLa , Humanos , Poloxámero/química , Poloxámero/farmacologíaRESUMEN
Effective long-term monitoring of tumor growth is significant for the evaluation of cancer therapy. Aggregation-induced emission-active near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent organic nanoparticles (TPFE-Rho dots) are designed and synthesized for long-term in vitro cell tracking and in vivo monitoring of tumor growth. TPFE-Rho dots display the advantages of NIR fluorescent emission, large Stokes shift (â¼180 nm), good biocompatibility, and high photostability. In vitro cell tracing studies demonstrate that TPFE-Rho dots can track SK-Hep-1 cells over 11 generations. In vivo optical imaging results confirm that TPFE-Rho dots can monitor tumor growth for more than 19 days in a real-time manner. This work indicates that TPFE-Rho dots could act as NIR fluorescent nanoprobes for real-time long-term in situ in vivo monitoring of tumor growth.
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Nanopartículas , Rastreo Celular , Colorantes Fluorescentes , Humanos , Neoplasias , Imagen ÓpticaRESUMEN
A novel fluorescence probe 1 based on triphenylamine was synthesized and characterized by NMR, IR, high resolution mass spectrometry and elemental analysis. Its fluorescence was quenched when pH below 2. There was a linear relationship between the fluorescence intensity and pH value ranged from 2 to 7. And its fluorescence emission was reversibility in acidic and alkaline solution. Furthermore, it exhibited remarkable selectivity and high sensitivity to Fe3+ and was able to detect Fe3+ in aqueous solution with low detection limit of 0.511µM. Job plot showed that the binding stoichiometry of 1 with Fe3+ was 1:1. Further observations of 1H NMR titration suggested that coordination interaction between Fe3+ and nitrogen atom on CN bond promoted the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) or energy transfer process causing fluorescence quenching. Additionally, 1 was also able to be applied for detecting Fe3+ in living cell and bioimaging.