Bilateral ovarian squamous cell carcinoma with an antecedent dermoid cyst in the left ovary.

Ovarian squamous cell carcinoma is a rare malignancy and its occurrence is commonly attributed to malignant transformation of a pre-existing mature cystic teratoma. The de novo occurrence of primary squamous cell carcinoma is extremely rare. Malignant transformation in a mature cystic teratoma is almost always unilateral; however, there have been isolated reports of an uncomplicated mature cystic teratoma in the contralateral ovary. We report here a case of a 40-year-old woman presenting with squamous cell carcinoma of both ovaries with antecedent dermoid cyst in the left ovary, along with involvement of the fallopian tubes, cervix and omentum.

Fine needle aspiration cytology of juvenile hyaline fibromatosis: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Juvenile hyaline fibromatosis (YHF) is a rare inherited disorder characterized by tumorous growth of hyalinized fibrous tissue. No report on cytomorphology of this condition is available in English on MEDLINE. CASE REPORT: A 6-year-old girl had multiple nontender nodules on both ear lobes, nose and scalp. Fine needle aspiration of the nodule on the left ear revealed benign, spindle-shaped cells with an eosinophilic ground substance in the background. The diagnosis of JHF was made following cytologic and histopathologic studies. CONCLUSION: Fine needle aspiration cytology is reliable for the diagnosis of JHF.

Breast Biomarkers-Comparison on Whole Section and Tissue Microarray Section.

INTRODUCTION: Estrogen Receptor (ER), Progesterone Receptor (PR) and Her2/neu are routinely studied markers for breast carcinoma. Analysis of these biomarkers is traditionally done by Immunohistochemistry (IHC) on whole sections. These markers can also be studied on Tissue Microarray (TMA) sections. Tissue microarray is a technique where core samples from different paraffin blocks are arrayed on a single recipient block which can then be cut to yield a single section with multiple cores in it. AIM: To compare ER, PR and Her2/neu on TMA sections with whole sections and to determine the concordance of results between the two methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A TMA block was constructed by punching out 2 mm cores from appropriately marked paraffin blocks of 53 breast carcinoma cases and embedding them in the recipient block. Immunostaining of TMA sections and whole sections were performed for ER, PR and Her2/neu and the results were compared. Statistical analysis was done using chi square test/Fisher-Exact test. Kappa co-efficient, Jaccard Index and G-Index were computed. RESULTS: Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma-No Special Type (IDC-NST) was the predominant type of carcinoma and most of the tumours were of Grade II and III. Majority, 38/53 (71.7%) were ER/PR positive and Her2 negative and 9/53 (17%) cases were triple negative. Good concordance between whole sections and TMA sections were noted with kappa value for ER, PR and Her2/neu being 0.671, 0.754, 1.000 respectively which was statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Immunostaining for ER, PR and Her2/neu done on TMA section using single 2 mm core were comparable with conventional whole section scores. Thus, TMA is a reliable method for evaluating these biomarkers with the advantage of being time and cost effective.

Cytomorphology of tubular adenoma breast--a case report.

Tubular adenoma a 'pure adenoma' is a benign neoplasm of breast presenting clinically like fibroadenoma. We report cytological and histological features of tubular adenoma in a 24 year old female with brief review of literature.

Macrofollicular encapsulated papillary thyroid carcinoma--a case report.

Macrofollicular encapsulated papillary thyroid carcinoma (MEPC) is a rare variant of papillary carcinoma of thyroid with a favourable clinical course. It could be mistaken for a follicular neoplasm or a hyperplastic nodule. We report cytological and histopathological features of this rare variant of papillary carcinoma in a 22 year old female with brief review of literature.

Cytomorphology and morphometry of small round-cell tumors in the region of the kidney.

Small round-cell tumors (SRCTs), with malignant cell components measuring 10 m or less in diameter with scanty cytoplasm in alcohol-fixed smears, pose a diagnostic challenge at fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), especially when they are situated in and around the kidney and need facilities such as electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry, tissue culture, and cytogenetics for their subtyping. A precise cytodiagnosis of SRCTs is important because a definite diagnosis is mandatory in preoperative diagnostic workup for presurgical chemotherapy in these cases. With this view in mind, an attempt has been made to diagnose SRCTs in the region of the kidney based on cytomorphology and morphometry alone so as to facilitate its diagnosis in a simple cytology laboratory of a developing country where facilities for auxiliary techniques are not easily available. Of 2,028 abdominal aspirates in a 12-yr period, 36 SRCTs were diagnosed in the region of the kidney by correlating with histology, radiology, and clinical features. The smears were studied for cellularity, morphology, pattern of cell arrangement, and smear background and morphometrically analyzed using an ocular micrometer. An aspirate with preponderant malignant round cells that were larger or double the size of red blood cells in air-dried smears or measured less than 10 micro in diameter in alcohol-fixed smears was considered as a small blue-cell tumor. Twenty-one were diagnosed as Wilms' tumor (WT), 10 were diagnosed as neuroblastoma (NB), 3 were ganglioneuroblastoma (GNB), 1 was a cellular congenital mesoblastic nephroma (CMN), and 1 was an adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC). Cell clusters with neuropil and cytoplasmic processes were diagnostic of NB, ganglion cells of GNB, and blastema with tubular differentiation in WT. Aspirates from CMN and ACC were considered as simulators/mimickers of SRCT because they had superficial resemblance to SRCT and their differentiating cytomorphological features observed at histology were too subtle to be noted at cytology. The latter were appreciated only on retrospective analysis after histological confirmation.Thus, morphometry in correlation with cytology, clinical history, physical findings, and radiological data is helpful in guided FNA for a definite diagnosis of SRCT in the region of the kidney. One needs to keep in mind the mimickers of small round-cell lesions at this anatomic site.