The lower lid diamond: a simple entropion repair to correct both horizontal and lower-lid retractor laxity.

PURPOSE: To describe a simple technique for involutional entropion correction and to present the findings of a pilot study. METHODS: Consecutive case series of 42 procedures. Patients presenting with involutional entropion in the absence of lateral canthal tendon laxity (lateral canthus could be distracted 1 cm or more medially) underwent a modified full-thickness eyelid shortening combined with retractor plication. Main outcome measures were correction of entropion and cosmesis of the surgical site at final follow up. RESULTS: At final follow up, 92% of patients had a satisfactory eyelid position with no recurrence of entropion and a cosmetically satisfactory scar. CONCLUSIONS: This is a useful technique with a higher success rate than everting sutures and is particularly suitable for patients for whom rapid surgery is needed or a lateral canthotomy is best avoided.

Radiologically manifested accessory extraocular muscles in thyroid eye disease.

The authors describe 3 patients with Graves orbitopathy who all have accessory orbital structures on orbital imaging. These structures are isodense on CT and isointense on MRI to the extraocular muscles and have a similar anatomical appearance to accessory extraocular muscles previously described in the literature. The authors propose that Graves orbitopathy involves these accessory muscles and makes them visible on imaging.

Pseudophakic pseudoexfoliation of an AkreosFit intraocular lens.

PURPOSE: To describe a case of intraocular lens opacification resembling pseudophakic pseudoexfoliation affecting an AkreosFit intraocular lens (IOL). METHODS: Single case analysis. RESULTS: A patient had IOL opacification resembling pseudophakic pseudoexfoliation. CONCLUSIONS: An 83-year-old woman with normal tension glaucoma was noted to have pseudophakic pseudoexfoliation of an AkreosFit IOL 5 years after uncomplicated phacoemulsification with IOL.

An archival exploration of homicide--suicide and mass murder in the context of 19th-century American parricides.

There has been little attempt to integrate contemporary studies of suicide and mass murder to homicide-suicides. The current research attempts to do so in the context of 19th-century parricides in America. This project uses archival records from The New York Times and the Chicago Tribune, 1851-1899, resulting in a total of 231 incidents. Our results indicate that parricides, mass murders, and suicides tended to originate as spontaneous acts, usually during the course of an argument, gathering momentum as the interaction unfolded. We contend that suicide is one way of alleviating threats to offender's loss of self-identity.