Cannabinoids induce cell death in leukaemic cells through Parthanatos and PARP-related metabolic disruptions.

BACKGROUND: Several studies have described a potential anti-tumour effect of cannabinoids (CNB). CNB receptor 2 (CB2) is mostly present in hematopoietic stem cells (HSC). The present study evaluates the anti-leukaemic effect of CNB. METHODS: Cell lines and primary cells from acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) patients were used and the effect of the CNB derivative WIN-55 was evaluated in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo. RESULTS: We demonstrate a potent antileukemic effect of WIN-55 which is abolished with CB antagonists. WIN-treated mice, xenografted with AML cells, had better survival as compared to vehicle or cytarabine. DNA damage-related genes were affected upon exposure to WIN. Co-incubation with the PARP inhibitor Olaparib prevented WIN-induced cell death, suggesting PARP-mediated apoptosis which was further confirmed with the translocation of AIF to the nucleus observed in WIN-treated cells. Nicotinamide prevented WIN-related apoptosis, indicating NAD+ depletion. Finally, WIN altered glycolytic enzymes levels as well as the activity of G6PDH. These effects are reversed through PARP1 inhibition. CONCLUSIONS: WIN-55 exerts an antileukemic effect through Parthanatos, leading to translocation of AIF to the nucleus and depletion of NAD+, which are reversed through PARP1 inhibition. It also induces metabolic disruptions. These effects are not observed in normal HSC.

Lercanidipine-induced chylous ascites: Case report and literature review.

WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE: Chylous ascites is a rare condition. The most frequent causes are lymphomas, solid malignancies, abdominal trauma and cirrhosis. Isolated case reports describe the relationship between calcium channel blockers (CCB) and chyloperitoneum. Lercanidipine is a third-generation dihydropyridine with low rate of adverse events. We describe a case of lercanidipine-induced chylous ascites. CASE SUMMARY: An 80-year-old white female with hypertension treated with lercanidipine, developed chylous ascites and abdominal pain after the dosage of the CCB was doubled. The initial suspicion was a hidden neoplasm, but after a thorough research, no apparent cause was detected and the symptoms resolved after the drug was suspended. WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION: Calcium channel blockers should be considered as possible causes in cases of chyloperitoneum of unknown aetiology.

Immunomodulatory and neuroprotective effect of cryopreserved allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells on spinal cord injury in rats.

This study aimed to evaluate the immunomodulatory and neuroprotective effects of allogeneic and cryopreserved mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on spinal cord injury. A total of 120 rats were distributed into the following groups: negative control (NC) - without injury, positive control (PC) - with injury without treatment, and group treated with MSC (GMSC) - with injury and treated. Motor function was evaluated by the BBB test at 24, 48, and 72 h and at 8 and 21 postoperative days. Spinal cords were evaluated by histopathology and immunohistochemistry to determine the expression of CD68, NeuN, and GFAP. IL-10, TNF-α, IL-1ß, TGF-ß, BDNF, GDNF, and VEGF expression was quantified by RT-PCR. The GMSC presented higher scores for motor function at 72 h and 8 and 21 days after injury, lower expression of CD68 at 8 days, and lower expression of GFAP at 21 days compared to the PC. In addition, higher expression of NeuN and lower degeneration of the white matter occurred at 21 days. The GMSC also showed higher expression of IL-10 24 h after injury, GDNF at 48 h and 8 days, and VEGF at 21 days. Moreover, lower expression of TNF-α was observed at 8 and 21 days and TGF-ß at 24 h and 21 days. There were no differences in the expression of IL-1ß and BDNF between the GMSC and PC. Thus, cryopreserved MSCs promote immunomodulatory and neuroprotective effects in rats with spinal cord injury by increasing IL-10, GDNF, and VEGF expression and reducing TNF-α and TGF-ß expression.

TNF-α levels in HIV-infected patients after long-term suppressive cART persist as high as in elderly, HIV-uninfected subjects.

BACKGROUND: Chronic and systemic inflammatory alterations occur in HIV-infected patients and elderly uninfected subjects and in both scenarios these alterations are associated with the development of chronic morbidities and mortality. However, whether the levels of inflammatory alterations in untreated HIV-infected patients and elderly individuals are similar is unknown. Moreover, whether long-term antiretroviral therapy normalizes inflammatory alterations compared with HIV-uninfected persons of different age is not known. METHODS: We analysed soluble inflammatory levels [high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, interferon (IFN)-γ, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1ß, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-17] in a cohort of viraemic HIV-infected patients compared with (i) age-matched, (ii) elderly and (iii) non-survivor elderly, uninfected healthy controls. We longitudinally analysed the effect of long-term 48 and 96 week suppressive combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) on the soluble inflammatory levels compared with those found in control subjects. RESULTS: Baseline IL-6 and IL-8 levels were at similar or lower concentrations in untreated patients compared with healthy elderly individuals. However, TNF-α and IFN-γ levels broadly exceeded those found in survivors and non-survivor elderly individuals. Long-term suppressive cART normalized most of the inflammatory markers, with the exception of TNF-α levels, which persisted as high as those in elderly non-survivor controls. CONCLUSIONS: Chronic inflammatory alterations associated with HIV infection are maintained at a different level from those of ageing. The persistent alteration of TNF-α levels in HIV-infected patients might cause tissue damage and have implications for developing non-AIDS-defining illnesses, even when HIV replication is long-term controlled by cART.

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio on postoperative day three as a biochemical predictor of clinically significant pancreatic fistula in patients undergoing distal pancreatectomy.

INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: Distal pancreatectomy is a frequent procedure and postoperative fistula, its most common complication, has an incidence of 30 to 60%. The aim of the present work was to study the role of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, as indicators of inflammatory response in the setting of pancreatic fistula. METHODS: A retrospective observational study was conducted on patients that underwent distal pancreatectomy. The diagnosis of postoperative pancreatic fistula was made according to the definition proposed by the International Study Group on Pancreatic Fistula. The relation of postoperative pancreatic fistula to the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio was determined in the postoperative evaluation. SPSS v.21 software was utilized for the statistical analysis and a P<.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: A total of 12 patients (27.2%) developed grade B or grade C postoperative pancreatic fistula. ROC curves were constructed and a threshold of 8.3 (PPV 0.40, NPV 0.86) was established for the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, with an area under the curve of 0.71, sensitivity of 0.81, and specificity of 0.62, whereas a threshold of 33.2 (PPV 0.50, NPV 0.84) was established for the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, with an area under the curve of 0.72, sensitivity of 0.72, and specificity of 0.71. CONCLUSION: The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio are serologic markers that can aid in identifying patients that will present with grade B or grade C postoperative pancreatic fistula, thus helping to provide an opportune focus on care and resources.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: Eleven years of experience at a tertiary care hospital center. / Adenocarcinoma ductal de páncreas. Experiencia de 11 años en un centro de tercer nivel.

INTRODUCTION AND AIM: Pancreatic cancer is considered one of the most aggressive solid tumors. In Mexico, it is the twelfth cause of cancer, with 4,489 cases diagnosed annually, and accounts for 4.9% of oncologic deaths. The aim of our study was to describe the clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of the patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer spanning an 11-year period at the Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán". METHODS: A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted that included 479 patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer, within the time frame of 2003-2013. The documented findings were summarized through descriptive statistics. RESULTS: Of the patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, 50.9% were women, and the mean patient age at diagnosis was 61.5 years. A total of 48.4% of the cases were diagnosed at clinical stage IV, 12.9% presented with clinical stage III, and 25.0% had localized disease. Surgery was performed on 37.5% of the patients, the most frequent of which was pancreatoduodenectomy. The surgical mortality rate was 5.5%. CONCLUSION: The clinical characteristics in our study group were similar to those described in the literature. However, the number of candidates for surgical treatment was higher than that reported in other hospitals and the percentage of borderline tumors was lower. Those differences, respectively, are possibly associated with the nature of our referral center and the prolonged intervals between diagnosis and treatment that result in the loss of potential surgical patients.

Prognostic value of positive surgical margins after resection of cholangiocarcinoma. Experience at a high-volume hospital center specializing in hepatopancreatobiliary surgery. / Valor pronóstico del margen quirúrgico positivo tras la resección de un colangiocarcinoma. Experiencia en un centro de alto volumen en cirugía hepatopancreatobiliar.

INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: Cholangiocarcinoma accounts for 3% of gastrointestinal tumors and is the second most frequent hepatic neoplasia after hepatocellular carcinoma. The primary aim was to evaluate the median disease-free period and survival in patients with cholangiocarcinoma diagnosis through the comparison of R0 and R1 resection margins. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 36 patients that underwent some type of surgical resection due to cholangiocarcinoma diagnosis, within the time frame of 2000-2017, at a center specializing in hepatopancreatobiliary surgery. Population, preoperative, and oncologic variables were included. The IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences for Mac, version 16.0, software (IBM SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) was employed. RESULTS: Thirty-one patients underwent hepatectomy, the Whipple procedure, or bypass surgery, depending on tumor location. The statistical significance of survival between patients with positive margins and those with negative margins was evaluated through the Mann-Whitney U test, with a P<.05 as the reference value. No statistically significant difference was found. The overall morbidity rate was 58.06% (n=18) and the mortality rate was 12.9% (n=4). CONCLUSIONS: No statistically significant difference in relation to the incidence of disease recurrence or general survival resulted from the comparison of microscopically positive surgical margins (R1) and negative surgical margins (R0). There was also no correlation between preoperative CA 19-9 levels and disease prognosis.

Preparation and characterization of metallomicelles of Ru(II). Cytotoxic activity and use as vector.

The use of nanovectors in several medicinal treatments has reached a great importance in the last decade. Some drugs need to be protected to increase their lifetimes in the blood flow, to avoid degradation, to be delivered into target cells or to decrease their side effects. The goal of this work was to design and prepare nanovectors formed by novel surfactants derived from the [Ru(bpy)3]2+ complex. These amphiphilic molecules are assembled to form metallomicelles which can act as pharmaceutical agents and, at the same time, as nanovectors for several drugs. TEM images showed a structural transition from spherical to elongated micelles when the surfactant concentration increased. Fluorescence microscopy confirmed the internalization of these metallomicelles into diverse cell lines and cytotoxicity assays demonstrated specificity for some human cancer cells. The encapsulation of various antibiotics was carried out as well as a thorough study about the DNA condensation by the metallomicelles. To the best of our knowledge, applications of these metallomicelles have not been shown in the literature yet.

Increased risk of non-AIDS-related events in HIV subjects with persistent low CD4 counts despite cART in the CoRIS cohort.

The aim was to analyze clinical complications in HIV-infected subjects who persistently maintain low CD4 levels despite virological response to cART in the Spanish CoRIS cohort. The main inclusion criteria were CD4 counts <200cells/mm(3) at cART-initiation and at least 2years under cART achieving a viral load <500copies/mL. Those patients with CD4 counts <250cells/mm(3) 2years after cART were classified as the Low-CD4 group, and clinical events were collected from this time-point. Poisson regression models were used to calculate incidence rate ratios of death, AIDS-defining events, serious non-AIDS-defining events (NAE) and of each specific NAE category (non-AIDS-defining malignancies (non-ADM), cardiovascular, kidney- and liver-related events). Of 9667 patients in the cohort, a total of 1128 met the criteria and 287 (25.4%) were classified in the Low-CD4 group. A higher risk of death (aIRR: 4.71; 95% CI: 1.88-11.82; p-value=0.001) and of non-ADM were observed in this group (aIRR: 2.23; 95% CI: 1.07-4.63; p=0.03). Our results stress the need to control accelerated aging in this population to counter their increased risk of non-AIDS-defining diseases, particularly cancer, and are consistent with the concept that clinical complications are potentially affected by genetics and lifestyle.

Osteossíntese femoral associada ao biovidro 60S em tamanduá-bandeira: relato de caso / Femoral osteosynthesis associated with 60s bioglass in tamanduá bandeira: case report

Atropelamentos de animais silvestres são frequentes e muitas vezes causam fraturas ósseas que, se não tratadas adequadamente, levam à morte do animal por complicações ou por inabilidade de sobrevivência no seu habitat natural. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi relatar o uso de placa associada ao pino intramedular e ao biovidro 60S (BV60S) para o tratamento de fratura de fêmur em tamanduá-bandeira. O animal foi resgatado pela polícia ambiental com suspeita de atropelamento. Foi sedado para avaliação clínica e radiográfica, que revelou fratura em fêmur direito. Utilizou-se dexmedetomidina como medicação pré-anestésica, midazolam e cetamina para indução, e isoflurano para manutenção. Também foi realizado bloqueio peridural com bupivacaína e morfina. A osteossíntese foi feita com placa bloqueada 2,7 e pino intramedular 2,5. Colocaram-se 4g de BV60S no foco de fratura para favorecer a osteogênese. O paciente teve recuperação funcional imediata do membro acometido. A reparação óssea ocorreu por segunda intenção, observando-se ossificação completa do calo com consolidação clínica, aos 30 dias, e remodelação quase completa, aos 180 dias. Conclui-se que o uso de placa e pino associado ao BV60S é eficiente no tratamento de fratura de fêmur em tamanduá, permitindo a rápida recuperação e a reintrodução do animal na natureza.(AU)

Roadblocks of wild animals are frequent and often cause bone fractures that if not properly treated lead to the death of the animal due to complications or inability to survive in its natural habitat. The objective of the present study was to report the use of plate rod and bioglass 60S (BG60S) for the treatment of femoral fracture in anteater. The animal was rescued by environmental police on suspicion of being hit. It was sedated for clinical and radiographic evaluation, which revealed a fracture in the right femur. Dexmedetomidine was used as preanesthetic medication, midazolam and ketamine for induction, and isoflurane for maintenance. Epidural blockade with bupivacaine and morphine was also performed. Osteosynthesis was done with a locking plate 2.7 and 2.5 intramedullary pin. 4G of BG60S was placed in the focus of fracture to favor osteogenesis. The patient had immediate functional recovery of the affected limb. The bone repair occurred by second intention, with complete ossification of the callus with clinical consolidation at 30 days, and near complete remodeling at 180 days. It is concluded that the use of plate rod to the BG60S is efficient in the treatment of femur fracture in anteater, allowing the rapid recovery and reintroduction of the animal in the wild.(AU)

Creating a continent tubeless gastrostomy.

Standard tube feeding gastrostomy is associated with a myriad of problems among which leakage of gastric contents is the most serious. Over the years many methods of creating tubeless gastrostomy have been unsuccessful because of the extent of surgery required and the persistent leakage of gastric fluids. By using gastrointestinal staplers to create a gastric tube and by incorporating a reverse intussusception valve at its base, we created a continent tubeless feeding gastrostomy in 23 patients aged 10 to 81 years. Eight had head injuries, 12 had cerebrovascular strokes, and 3 had head and neck disorders leading to aphagopraxia. Twelve of the procedures were performed with local anesthesia and the remainder with general anesthesia. The GIA stapler was used to create a 5 cm gastric tube after which circumferential stitches were placed to intussuscept 2 cm of the tube into the stomach to create a valve. A 1 cm stoma was created at skin level. Operative time was 47 to 90 minutes and there were no operative deaths or complications. Stomal necrosis occurred in two patients so they were converted to a standard tube gastrostomy by leaving a Foley catheter in place. After 16 months of follow-up, one stricture developed at 4 months and two were electively closed under local anesthesia. None is incontinent. The tubeless continent feeding gastrostomy is convenient for both patients and nursing staff and should replace the standard feeding gastrostomy when long-term nutritional support is needed.

Matriz porosa do BV60S associada a células osteoprogenitoras alógenas no tratamento de defeitos ósseos críticos em rádios de cães / Porous matrix of BG60S associated with allogenic osteoprogenitor cells in the treatment of critical bone defects in the radius of dogs

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o efeito da matriz porosa do biovidro 60S (BV60S) associada a células osteoprogenitoras (CO) alógenas no tratamento de defeitos ósseos críticos de cães. Foram utilizados 20 cães, machos, sem raça definida, com dois anos de idade e massa corporal média de 25kg. Com os cães sob anestesia geral, foram criados defeitos ósseos críticos no terço médio dos ossos rádios. Procedeu-se à fixação óssea com uma placa em ponte, e os defeitos foram tratados de acordo com cada grupo experimental. Constituíram-se três grupos experimentais, em que os defeitos ósseos foram preenchidos com: BV60S associado a CO alógenas (grupo BV60S+CO), osso autógeno (grupo C+), ou não preenchidos (grupo C-). A regeneração óssea foi avaliada por meio de exames radiográficos, densitométricos e histomorfométricos ao longo de 90 dias. Os grupos C- e BV60S+CO mostraram preenchimento ósseo parcial do defeito de, no máximo, 56,68% e 35,23%, respectivamente, sem a formação de ponte óssea entre as extremidades, e o controle positivo (C+) mostrou regeneração óssea completa. Conclui-se que a matriz porosa do BV60S associada às células osteoprogenitoras não é eficiente no tratamento de defeitos ósseos críticos em rádios de cães.(AU)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the porous matrix of bioglass 60S (BV60S) associated with allogenic osteoprogenitor cells (CO) in the treatment of critical bone defects of dogs. 20 male mongrel dogs at two years old and mean weight of 25kg were used. Dogs were anesthetized and critical bone defects were created in the middle third of the radios bones. With dogs under general anesthesia, critical bone defects were created in the middle third of bone radios. Bone fixation was done with a bridge plate and defects treated according to each experimental group. Three experimental groups were formed according to the treatment. The defects filled with BV60S associated with allogenic CO (Group-BV60S+CO), autogenous bone (Group-C+) or unfilled (Group-C-). Bone regeneration was evaluated by radiography, bone densitometry and histomorphometry over 90 days. The BV60S+CO and C- groups showed partial bone filling of the defect of at most 56.68% and 35.23%, respectively. No bone bridge formation was observed between the extremities in the BV60S+CO and C- groups. Positive control showed complete bone regeneration at 90 days. It was concluded that the porous matrix of BV60S associated with osteoprogenitor cells was not effective in the treatment of critical bone defects in the radius of dogs.(AU)

Benefícios da condroitinase abc associada a células-tronco mesenquimais na lesão espinhal aguda em ratos / Benefits of chondroitinase abc associated with mesenchymal stem cells in acute spinal cord injury in rats

Com o objetivo de estudar o efeito da condroitinase associada às células-tronco mesenquimais na lesão aguda da medula espinhal, utilizaram-se 50 ratos Lewis, distribuídos igualmente nos grupos: controle negativo (CN), tratamento com placebo (PLA), condroitinase (CDN), células-tronco mesenquimais (CTM) e condroitinase mais células-tronco mesenquimais (CDN+CTM). Todos os animais tiveram a medula espinhal exposta por laminectomia, e os grupos PLA, CDT, CTM e CDT+CTM sofreram também trauma medular compressivo. Após sete dias, procedeu-se à reexposição da medula espinhal, quando os grupos PLA e CTM receberam 4µL de líquido cefalorraquidiano artificial via intralesional, e os grupos CDT e CDT+CTM receberam o mesmo líquido contendo 2,2U de condroitinase. Após 14 dias da cirurgia inicial, todos os animais receberam 0,2mL de PBS via endovenosa, contudo, nos grupos CTM e CDT+CTM, esse líquido continha 1x106 CTM. Avaliou-se a capacidade motora até o 28o dia pós-trauma e, posteriormente, as medulas espinhais foram analisadas por RT-PCR, para quantificação da expressão gênica para BDNF, NT-3, VEGF, KDR e PECAM-1, e por imunoistoquímica, para detecção das células-tronco GFP injetadas (anti-GFP), quantificação dos neurônios (anti-NeuN) e da GFAP e vimentina, para avaliação da cicatriz glial. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas com o auxílio do Prism 5 for Windows, com o nível de significância de 5%. Não houve diferença entre os grupos quanto à capacidade motora. O grupo CDT+CTM apresentou maior imunoexpressão de neurônios viáveis do que o placebo. No CTM, houve maior expressão dos fatores neurotróficos BDNF e VEGF. E no CDT, houve menor imunoexpressão de vimentina. Concluiu-se que a associação CDT+CTM favorece a viabilidade neuronal após o trauma, que o tratamento com CTM promove aumento na expressão dos fatores tróficos BDNF e VEGF e que o tratamento com condroitinase é efetivo na redução da cicatriz glial.(AU)

The aim of this work was to study the effect of chondroitinase associated with mesenchymal stem cells in acute spinal cord injury. Therefore, 50 Lewis rats were distributed in the following groups: negative control (NC), treatment with placebo (PLA), chondroitinase (CDT), mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), and chondroitinase associated with mesenchymal stem cells (CDT + MSC). All animals had their spinal cord exposed by laminectomy, and the groups named PLA, CDT, MSC and CDT + MSC also suffered compressive spinal cord trauma. After seven days, the spinal cord was re-exposed, when the PLA and MSCs groups received 4uL of artificial cerebrospinal fluid through the lesion, and the CDT group and CDT + MSC received the same fluid containing 2,2U of chondroitinase. 14 days after the first surgery, all animals received 0.2ml of PBS intravenously; however, the MSC and CDT + MSC groups received the same liquid also containing 1x106 MSCs. The motor skills were evaluated up to 28 days post-injury and, subsequently, the spinal cords were analyzed by RT-PCR for BDNF, NT-3, VEGF, PECAM-1 and KDR gene expression quantification, immunohistochemistry to detect injected stem cells GFP (anti-GFP), to quantify neurons (anti-NeuN), GFAP and detect vimentin in order to evaluate the glial scar. Statistical analyzes were performed by Prism 5 for Windows using a 5% level of significance. There was no difference between groups with regarding motor capacity. The CDT + MSC group showed increased immunoreactivity of viable neurons than placebo. In MSC, there was a greater expression of neurotrophic factors BDNF and VEGF. Also, there was less vimentin immunostaining in group CDT. It was concluded that CDT + MSC association promotes neuronal viability after trauma, in which treatment with MSC promotes increased expression of BDNF and VEGF trophic factors, and also that treatment with chondroitinase is effective in reducing the glial scar.(AU)

Efeito do produto iônico do biovidro 60S na diferenciação osteogênica de células-tronco mesenquimais do tecido adiposo de cães / Effect of ionic product of bioglass 60S in osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells from the adipose tissue of dogs

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o produto iônico do biovidro 60S (BV60S) na diferenciação osteogênica de células-tronco mesenquimais de origem adiposa (CTM-AD) de cães. As CTM-AD foram diferenciadas sem OSTe com o produto iônico (PI OST) por sete, 14 e 21 dias. Avaliou-se o MTT, a fosfatase alcalina (FA), o colágeno, mineralização e as expressões de osterix (OSX), sialoproteína óssea (BSP), osteonectina (ON) e osteocalcina (OC). O grupo PI OSTmostrou menor conversão de MTT aos sete dias e maior conversão aos 21 dias. A atividade de FA foi maior no grupo OST, aos 14 e 21 dias. A síntese de colágeno foi maior no grupo OST aos sete e 21 dias. Verificou-se maior área mineralizada no grupo PI OSTem todos os tempos. Não houve diferenças nas expressões de OSX e OC entre os grupos. Observou-se maior expressão de BSP no grupo PI OST, aos 14 e 21 dias. A expressão de ON foi maior no grupo OST aos 14 dias. Concluiu-se que o produto iônico do BV60S favorece a osteogênese in vitro de CTM-AD de cães.

The aim was to evaluate the ionic product of 60S bioglass (BV60S) in osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells from adipose tissue (ADMSCs) in dogs. ADMSCs were differentiated without the ionic product (OST) and with the ionic product (PI-OST) for 7, 14 and 21 days. We evaluated the MTT, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), collagen mineralization and expressions of osterix (OSX), bone sialoprotein (BSP), osteonectin (ON) and osteocalcin (OC). The PI-OST group had a lower MTT conversion to 7days and higher conversion at 21 days. The ALP activity was higher in the OST group at 14 and 21 days. Collagen synthesis was higher in the OST group at 7 and 21 days. A higher mineralized area in the PI-OST group was observed at all times. There were no differences in expressions of OSX and OC between groups. We observed increased expression of BSP in the PI-OST group at 14 and 21 days. The expression of ON was higher in the OST group at 14 days. It was concluded that the ionic product of BV60S promotes in vitro osteogenesis of MSC-AD from dogs.

Matriz porosa do BV60S no tratamento de defeitos ósseos críticosem rádios de cães / Porous matrix of BG60S in the treatment of critical bone defects in the radius of dogs

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da matriz porosa do biovidro de composição molar 60% SiO2 - 36% CaO - 4% P2O5 (BV60S) no tratamento de defeitos ósseos críticos de cães. Foram utilizados 20 cães, machos, sem raça definida, com dois anos e massa corporal média de 25kg. Foram constituídos três grupos experimentais: defeitos ósseos preenchidos com BV60S (BV), com osso autógeno (C+) e defeitos não preenchidos (C-). A regeneração óssea foi avaliada por meio de exames radiográficos, densitométricos e histomorfométricos ao longo de 90 dias. A matriz do BV60S mostrou rápida reabsorção com redução média de 12,62% a cada 15 dias. A regeneração foi completa no grupo C+ e incompleta nos grupos BV e C-, aos 90 dias. A área de neoformação óssea foi semelhante entre os grupos BV e C-, em todos os tempos estudados. Conclui-se que a matriz porosa do BV60S possui rápida reabsorção, não sendo eficiente no tratamento de defeitos ósseos críticos em rádios de cães.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the porous matrix of bioglass with molar composition of 60% SiO2, 36% CaO, 4% P2O5 (BV60S) in the treatment of critical bone defects in dogs. 20 male mongrel dogs at two years of age and a mean weight of 25 kg were used. Three experimental groups were formed: bone defects filled with BV60S (BV), with autogenous bone (C+) and unfilled defects (C-). Bone regeneration was evaluated by radiography, bone densitometry and histoforfometry over 90 days. The matrix of BV60S showed rapid absorption with an average reduction of 12.62% every 15 days. Regeneration was complete in group C+ and incomplete in the BV-group and C- group at 90 days. The area of new bone formation was similar between BV and C- groups at all time points. It was concluded that the porous matrix BV60S has fast resorption not being effective in the treatment of critical bone defects in the radius of dogs.

Emprego experimental da placa de compósito poli-hidroxibutirado/hidroxiapatita na fixação femoral em gatos / Experimental employment of polyhydroxybutyrate/hydroxyapatite composite plates in femoral fixation in cats

Avaliou-se o compósito de poli-hidroxibutirado (PHB) 70 por cento e hidroxiapatita (HA) 30 por cento na forma de placas para fixação óssea em gatos. Foram usadas placas do compósito com 60mm de comprimento por 10mm de largura e espessura variando de 3mm no centro a 5mm nas extremidades, com seis orifícios. A placa do compósito foi empregada na fixação de osteotomia de fêmur em quatro gatos, totalizando seis intervenções. Verificou-se a ruptura de cinco placas (83,3 por cento) até o quarto dia e de uma placa (16,7 por cento) aos 21 dias, quando se observou um calo ósseo exuberante. O resultado da implantação da placa no gato mostrou que o compósito não possui resistência suficiente para ser empregado como placas de fixação de fêmur em gatos.

The composite of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) 70 percent and hydroxyapatite (HA) 30 percent was evaluated as plate for bone fixation in cats. The employed composite plates presented six orifices and measured 60 x 10mm, length and width, respectively, with thickness ranging from 3 to 5mm according to the region. The composite plate was used in the fixation of femoral osteotomy in four cats, in a total of six interventions. There were ruptures in five plates (83.3 percent) until day 4 and in one plate (16.7 percent) on the day 21, when it was possible to observe an exuberant osseous callus. The result of the plate deployment in the cat showed that the composite does not have sufficient strength to be used as plate of femoral fixation in cats.