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1.
J Neonatal Perinatal Med ; 13(2): 189-195, 2020.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31771079

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Oxygen exposure has been associated with increased wheezing and respiratory morbidity after discharge in extremely preterm infants and those with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. More mature preterm infants with less severe disease are also at risk for pulmonary complications, including rehospitalization for respiratory illnesses and wheezing disorders. Our aim was to evaluate associations between respiratory support and morbidity in preterm infants without bronchopulmonary dysplasia. METHODS: A secondary analysis was performed on 300 infants born at 28-34 weeks gestation without bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Exposure included oxygen or positive pressure, (continuous positive airway pressure or mechanical ventilation). The primary outcome was recurrent wheezing. Secondary outcomes were respiratory medications, emergency room visits, and hospitalizations. RESULTS: 50% of infants who received oxygen experienced recurrent wheezing compared to 42.4% of infants who did not (OR 1.15 CI 0.72-1.85 adjusted OR 1.15 CI 0.67-1.98). 51.1% of infants who received positive pressure experienced recurrent wheezing compared to 38.1% who did not (OR 1.57 CI 0.97-2.53 adjusted OR 1.58 CI 0.90-2.77). There were no significant associations between oxygen and positive pressure exposure and any primary or secondary outcomes in the adjusted analyses. CONCLUSIONS: After adjustment for known risk factors the analyses showed no significant associations between oxygen and positive pressure with respiratory morbidity in this population. Further study of infants with mild disease is needed.


Asunto(s)
Presión de las Vías Aéreas Positiva Contínua/estadística & datos numéricos , Terapia por Inhalación de Oxígeno/estadística & datos numéricos , Respiración con Presión Positiva/estadística & datos numéricos , Ruidos Respiratorios , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Recien Nacido Prematuro , Unidades de Cuidado Intensivo Neonatal , Masculino , Oportunidad Relativa , Recurrencia , Respiración Artificial/estadística & datos numéricos , Factores de Riesgo
2.
Pediatrics ; 64(4): 429-32, 1979 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-492807

RESUMEN

The effect of right lateral, supine, and prone postures on ventilation and lung mechanics was studied in 23 healthy newborn infants, ten preterm and 13 term, "light-for-date," In the preterm group, tidal volume, minute volume, elastic work, inspiratory viscous work, total viscous work, and the total work of breathing were significantly greater in the prone position than in the supine position. Results obtained in the lateral position did not differ significantly from those in the prone or supine positions. Posture did not significantly affect tidal volume or lung mechanics in the light-for-date infants. The prone position is suggested to be the optimum nursing posture for healthy preterm infants.


Asunto(s)
Recien Nacido Prematuro , Recién Nacido Pequeño para la Edad Gestacional , Pulmón/fisiología , Postura , Respiración , Femenino , Edad Gestacional , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Masculino , Volumen de Ventilación Pulmonar , Trabajo Respiratorio
3.
Acta Paediatr Scand ; 74(3): 382-5, 1985 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-4003062

RESUMEN

Serial plasma glucose estimations were performed in 44 light-for-date infants and 17 infants of diabetic mothers fed 2, 3 or 4-hourly with feeds containing 10% additional carbohydrate in the form of a glucose polymer (Caloreen). In the infants fed 2 and 3-hourly, plasma glucose was higher following the high carbohydrate feeds, particularly immediately before the next feed was due. Given 4-hourly, the high carbohydrate feed had little effect in most light-for-date infants, and in one light-for-date infant and two infants of diabetic mothers the plasma glucose was lower at the end of 4 hours than following normal formula. It is concluded that the addition of glucose polymer to feeds given 2 and 3 hourly has a potentially useful effect in neonates at risk of developing hypoglycaemia, but it cannot be used to increase the feed interval to 4 hours.


Asunto(s)
Glucemia/análisis , Dextrinas/administración & dosificación , Alimentos Infantiles , Recién Nacido de Bajo Peso , Embarazo en Diabéticas , Almidón/administración & dosificación , Femenino , Humanos , Hipoglucemia/prevención & control , Recién Nacido , Embarazo , Embarazo en Diabéticas/complicaciones , Riesgo
4.
J Arthroplasty ; 15(2): 205-9, 2000 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10708087

RESUMEN

We report the clinical and radiologic outcome of 109 Chamley low-friction arthroplasties implanted with Boneloc bone-cement (Biomet, Bridgend, South Wales, UK) into 104 patients. The mean follow-up was 30 months (range, 2-48 months). There were 72 women (mean age, 71 years) and 32 men (mean age, 72). Cartridge-packed cement was used in 37 cases and vacuum-packed cement in 72 cases. Survivorship analysis based on revision for aseptic loosening showed 79% survival at 4 years. Seventeen (15.5%) hips have been revised for aseptic loosening to date, in which all stems and 4 cups were loose. Extensive femoral osteolysis was always present and resulted in 4 cases of femoral cortical perforation at revision. Survivorship analysis based on revision and radiologic failure showed only 55% survival over the same period. When radiologic loosenings were included as failures, the vacuum-packed cement performed significantly worse than the cartridge-packed cement it replaced. These poor results were consistent with the withdrawal of Boneloc from clinical use in 1995, and we recommend indefinite follow-up for surviving prostheses.


Asunto(s)
Artroplastia de Reemplazo de Cadera , Cementos para Huesos , Metacrilatos , Anciano , Artroplastia de Reemplazo de Cadera/métodos , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Masculino , Modelos de Riesgos Proporcionales , Falla de Prótesis , Reoperación , Tasa de Supervivencia , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del Tratamiento
5.
J Neurooncol ; 53(2): 161-76, 2001 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11716068

RESUMEN

Microarray analysis of complementary DNA (cDNA) allows large-scale, comparative, gene expression profiling of two different cell populations. This approach has the potential for elucidating the primary transcription events and genetic cascades responsible for increased glioma cell motility in vitro and invasion in vivo. These genetic determinants could become therapeutic targets. We compared cDNA populations of a glioma cell line (G112) exposed or not to a motility-inducing substrate of cell-derived extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins using two sets of cDNA microarrays of 5,700 and 7,000 gene sequences. The data were analyzed considering the level and consistency of differential expression (outliers) and whether genes involved in pathways of motility, apoptosis, and proliferation were differentially expressed when the motility behavior was engaged. Validation of differential expression of selected genes was performed on additional cell lines and human glioblastoma tissue using quantitative RT-PCR. Some genes involved in cell motility, like tenascin C, neuropilin 2, GAP43, PARG1 (an inhibitor of Rho), PLCy, and CD44, were over expressed; other genes, like adducin 3y and integrins, were down regulated in migrating cells. Many key cell cycle components, like cyclin A and B, and proliferation markers, like PCNA, were strongly down regulated on ECM. Interestingly, genes involved in apoptotic cascades, like Bcl-2 and effector caspases, were differentially expressed, suggesting the global down regulation of proapoptotic components in cells exposed to cell-derived ECM. Overall, our findings indicate a reduced proliferative and apoptotic activity of migrating cells. cDNA microarray analysis has the potential for uncovering genes linking the phenotypic aspects of motility, proliferation, and apoptosis.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Encefálicas/patología , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Glioma/patología , Invasividad Neoplásica/genética , Proteínas de Neoplasias/biosíntesis , Transcripción Genética , Apoptosis/genética , Neoplasias Encefálicas/química , Proteínas de Ciclo Celular/biosíntesis , Proteínas de Ciclo Celular/genética , Movimiento Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Movimiento Celular/genética , Sistemas de Computación , Medios de Cultivo/farmacología , ADN Complementario/genética , Etiquetas de Secuencia Expresada , Proteínas de la Matriz Extracelular/farmacología , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica/efectos de los fármacos , Glioblastoma/química , Glioblastoma/patología , Sustancias de Crecimiento/biosíntesis , Sustancias de Crecimiento/genética , Humanos , Rayos Láser , Proteínas de Neoplasias/genética , Análisis de Secuencia por Matrices de Oligonucleótidos , Fenotipo , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Tenascina/biosíntesis , Tenascina/genética , Transcripción Genética/efectos de los fármacos , Células Tumorales Cultivadas/efectos de los fármacos , Células Tumorales Cultivadas/metabolismo , Células Tumorales Cultivadas/patología
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