Estilos de humor, afrontamiento y soporte social en padres de niños con cáncer

Objetivo: Analizar el rol predictivo de las estrategias de afrontamiento y el soporte social percibido, sobre los estilos de humor en padres migrantes de niños con cáncer. Método: Se empleó un diseño cuantitativo transaccional-correlacional y un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia. Participaron 62 progenitores (11 hombres y 51 mujeres) entre los 20 y 61 años, quienes respondieron la Escala del Sentido del Humor (HSQ), el Cuestionario de Estimación del Afrontamiento (COPE) y el Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS). Resultados: Se establecieron modelos de regresión para el humor afiliativo (R²=0,19, p<0,001) y agresivo (R²=0,25, p<0,001), ambos considerados estilos de humor orientados a los demás. Respecto a los estilos orientados a uno mismo, para el humor de mejoramiento personal se desarrollaron dos modelos, el primero considera el soporte social global (R²=0,25, p< 0,001) y el segundo el soporte afectivo (R²=0,27, p< 0,001); y de la misma forma para el humor de descalificación personal, un modelo incluye el soporte social global (R²=0,28, p< 0,001) y el segundo el soporte instrumental (R²=0,27, p< 0,001). Conclusión: Las estrategias de afrontamiento y el soporte social en relación con los estilos de humor en contexto de enfermedad y migración demuestra la efectividad de ciertas estrategias y estilos considerados desadaptativos ante una situación altamente estresante.

Objective: To analyze the predictive role of coping strategies and social support over humor styles in parents who migrate along with children with cancer. Method: A transactional-correlational quantitative design and non-probabilistic convenience sampling were used. It involved 62 parents (11 men and 51 women) between 20 and 61 years. They answered the Humor Styles Questionnaire (HSQ), COPE Inventory (COPE) and the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS). Results: Regression models were developed for affiliative (R²=0,19, p<0,001) and aggressive humor (R²=0,25, p<0,001), both considered humor styles towards others. For self-oriented humor styles, two models were built to predict self-enhancing humor. The first model considers global social support (R²=0,25, p<0,001), while the second model, affective support (R²=0,27, p<0,001). Likewise, the first model explaining self-defeating humor considers global social support (R²=0,28, p<0,001) and the second, instrumental support (R²=0,27, p<0,001). Discussion: Coping strategies and social support in relation to humor styles in the context of illness and migration demonstrate the effectiveness of certain strategies and styles considered maladaptive in face of a highly stressful situation.

Simultaneous stereoselective analysis of tramadol and its main phase I metabolites by on-line capillary zone electrophoresis-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.

On-line combination of partial filling capillary electrophoresis and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry was demonstrated for the simultaneous enantioseparation of tramadol and its main phase I metabolites. The partial filling technique was efficient at avoiding MS contamination by the chiral selector. Different experimental factors were investigated, including the chiral selector nature and concentration, plug length as well as the separation temperature. The best enantioseparation of the investigated compounds was achieved with a coated polyvinyl alcohol capillary and a 40 mM ammonium acetate buffer, pH 4.0, adding sulfobutyl ether beta-cyclodextrin (2.5 mg/ml) as the chiral selector. The charged cyclodextrin not only allowed enantioseparation of tramadol and its metabolites, but also improved the selectivity of compounds with the same molecular mass. Finally, CE-electrospray ionisation-MS was successfully applied to the stereoselective analysis of tramadol and its main metabolites in plasma after a simple liquid-liquid extraction.

Human intradiscal levels with cefazolin.

The administration of prophylactic antibiotics for the prevention of discitis is common in the field of spinal surgery. The purpose of this study was to determine 1) whether cefazolin administered intravenously would result in detectable intradiscal levels; and 2) if so, what the proper timing of the antibiotic bolus should be to achieve optimal intradiscal concentrations. Forty human lumbar discs were obtained during the study period. All subjects received a preoperative bolus infusion of 2 g of cefazolin during a 3-5 minute period. Serum and intradiscal samples were obtained at intervals ranging from 6 to 220 minutes after the antibiotic infusion. The respective intradiscal concentrations of cefazolin were then determined, and the findings were as follows: 1) cefazolin does diffuse into the human disc in detectable concentrations; and 2) a critical time relationship exists (15-80 minutes after a bolus administration of cefazolin) for the optimal level of intradiscal antibiotics to be achieved.

Complications of lumbar spine surgery.

Lumbar spine surgery is now performed at all ages for reasons ranging from life-threatening tumors to intractable pain. A multitude of potential complications demand astute nursing assessment skills. Though not all of the complications discussed in the following article are preventable, early recognition, intervention, and patient support by the well-educated orthopaedic nurse can significantly lessen patient morbidity and even mortality.

Common ankle injuries in the athlete.

The ankle is often a neglected joint by the athlete because of an inadequate understanding of the injury. Sprains and fractures are common injuries in the athlete because of the force of impact on the ankle during activity. Appropriate management of ankle injuries promotes healing and prompt return to sports activities.