[A case of post-intubation tracheal stenosis mimicking bronchial asthma: case report]. / Prípad postintubacní stenózy trachey imitující asthma bronchiale: kazuistika.

Postintubation tracheal stenosis (PITS) is one of the most frequent causes of lower airways obstruction. Usually, PITS is the consequence of prolonged intubation period, but may occur also after short-term intubation. Diagnosis may be difficult if stridor is not present and the post-extubation period is many years long. Bronchoscopy and CT scanning are the diagnostic gold standard. In some cases, lung function tests may also be helpful. Treatment options include conservative treatment, surgery and endoscopic methods. We present a case report of a 23 year old woman with exercise dyspnoea caused by PITS that was incorrectly treated for bronchial asthma during a 2-years long period. Key words: bronchoscopy - cardiopulmonary exercise testing - postintubation stenosis - tracheal stenosis.

Thyroid transcription factor 1 expression is associated with outcome of patients with non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer treated with pemetrexed-based chemotherapy.

Pemetrexed is an antifolate cytostatic agent targeting several folate-dependent enzymatic pathways, widely used in the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic stage non-small cell lung cancer. Aside from the non-squamous histology, there is still no available molecular biomarker predicting treatment efficacy of pemetrexed-based chemotherapy. The aim of our retrospective study was to evaluate the association of thyroid transcription factor 1 expression with outcome of a large cohort of patients with non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer treated with pemetrexed. We retrospectively analysed clinical data of 463 patients with advanced-stage non-small cell lung cancer (IIIB or IV) treated with pemetrexed-based chemotherapy. Thyroid transcription factor 1 expression was assessed using indirect immunohistochemical detection in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumour tissue at the time of diagnosis. Thyroid transcription factor 1 expression was detected in the tumour tissue from 76.0% of patients, and tumours from 24.0% of patients were thyroid transcription factor 1 negative. The median progression-free survival and overall survival for patients with thyroid transcription factor 1 positive tumours were 4.8 and 11.8 months compared to 2.8 and 8.3 months for those with thyroid transcription factor 1 negative tumours (p = 0.001 and p < 0.001). The multivariable Cox proportional hazards model revealed that thyroid transcription factor 1 expression was significantly associated with progression-free survival (hazard ratio = 1.57, p < 0.001) and also with overall survival (hazard ratio = 1.73, p < 0.001). In conclusion, the results of the conducted retrospective study suggest that the thyroid transcription factor 1 expression was independently associated with progression-free survival and overall survival in patients with advanced-stage non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer treated with pemetrexed-based chemotherapy.