Effects of Three Resistance Exercise Orders on Muscular Function and Body Composition in Older Women.

The purpose of the present study was to compare the effects of three resistance exercise orders on muscular strength, body composition, and functional fitness in trained older women. Forty-five women (aged ≥60 years), after performing 12 weeks of a pre-conditioning resistance-training program were randomly assigned in one of the following groups that performed the exercises in the following orders: multi-joint to single-joint order (MJ-SJ, n=15), single-joint to multi-joint order (SJ-MJ, n=15), and alternating between upper and lower body order (ALT, n=15). Specific training intervention lasted 12 weeks (3x/week) and was composed of eight exercises performed in three sets of 15/10/5 repetitions, with increasing load through the sets. Muscular strength was estimated by one-repetition maximum tests; body composition was assessed by whole-body dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and functional fitness was analyzed with a sequence of four motor tests. All groups improved similarly in muscular strength (Cohen's effect size: MJ-SJ=0.45; SJ-MJ=0.48; ALT=0.45), skeletal muscle mass (MJ-SJ=0.08; SJ-MJ=0.07; ALT=0.09), and functional test performance (MJ-SJ=0.38; SJ-MJ=0.20; ALT=0.31), but no change was observed for body fat (P>0.05). The results suggest that 12 weeks of resistance training induce positive changes in muscle morphofunctionality, regardless of the exercise order employed in trained older women.

Influence of Resistance Training Exercise Order on Muscle Strength, Hypertrophy, and Anabolic Hormones in Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Tomeleri, CM, Ribeiro, AS, Nunes, JP, Schoenfeld, BJ, Souza, MF, Schiavoni, D, Junior, PS, Cavaglieri, CR, Cunha, PM, Venturini, D, Barbosa, DS, and Cyrino, ES. Influence of resistance training exercise order on muscle strength, hypertrophy, and anabolic hormones in older women: a randomized controlled trial. J Strength Cond Res 34(11): 3103-3109, 2020-The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of resistance training (RT) exercise order on muscle strength, hypertrophy, and anabolic hormones in older women. Forty-four older women were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups: a nonexercise control group (CON, n = 15) and two RT groups that performed a 12-week RT program in a multijoint to single-joint order (MJ-SJ, n = 14), or in a single-joint to multijoint order (SJ-MJ, n = 15). The RT protocol (3×/week) encompassed 8 exercises, with 3 sets of 10-15 repetitions performed per exercise. One repetition maximum tests were used to evaluate muscle strength; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to estimate lean soft tissue. Both training groups showed significant and similar increases in muscle strength (MJ-SJ = 16.4%; SJ-MJ = 12.7%) and mass (MJ-SJ = 7.5%; SJ-MJ = 6.1%), whereas there were no significant changes in testosterone and insulin-like growth factor 1. The results suggest that both approaches are similarly effective in eliciting morphofunctional improvements in older women.

Chronic Blood Pressure Reductions and Increments in Plasma Nitric Oxide Bioavailability.

This study analyzed the effects of 12 weeks of resistance training (RT) on resting blood pressure (BP) and plasma levels of nitric oxide metabolites (NOx) in pre- and hypertensive older women, and evaluated the relationship between these 2 parameters. Thirty-five older women (68.2±5.7 years, 70.0±14.4 kg, 157.1±6.4 cm, 28.3±5.0 kg.m-2) were randomly allocated into a training group (TG; n=17), which performed a 12-week RT program, and a control group (CG; n=18), which did not perform any physical exercise. Anthropometry, one repetition maximum (1RM), body composition analysis by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, blood samples, and resting BP were measured. There was a significant interaction for all variables analyzed, in which reductions of systolic BP (-8.5%), diastolic BP (-8.4%), and mean arterial pressure (-8.5%), and increases of NOx (+35.2%) were observed only for the TG. Moreover, a negative and significant correlation was observed (P<0.05; r=-0.63) between NOx and systolic BP in the TG. Results suggest that a 12-week RT program is sufficient to induce reductions in BP in pre- and hypertensive older women and that the decrease in systolic BP is associated with an increase in plasma NOx concentration.

Effect of Resistance Exercise Order on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

We compared the effects of two specific resistance training (RT) exercise orders on cardiovascular risk factors. Forty-four untrained older women (>60 years) were randomly assigned to three groups: control (CON, n = 15), multi-joint to single-joint (MJ-SJ, n = 14), and single-joint to multi-joint (SJ-MJ, n = 15) exercise orders. Training groups performed a whole-body RT program (eight exercises, 3 × 10−15 repetitions for each exercise) over 12 weeks in 3 days/week. Body fat, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-c, LDL-c, VLDL-c, glucose, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, C-reactive protein, total radical-trapping antioxidant (TRAP), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), ferrous oxidation-xylenol (FOX), and nitric oxide concentrations (NOx) were determined pre- and post-intervention. Significant interaction group × time (p < 0.05) revealed reducing fat mass and trunk fat and improvements in glucose, LDL-c, IL-10, TNF-α, C-reactive protein, FOX, and AOPP concentrations in both training groups, without differences between them (p > 0.05). The results suggest that 12 weeks of RT, regardless of exercise order, elicit positive adaptations on body fat and metabolic biomarkers similarly in older women.

Comparing the Pilates method with no exercise or lumbar stabilization for pain and functionality in patients with chronic low back pain: systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To perform a systematic review with meta-analyses that evaluates the effectiveness of the Pilates method on the pain and functionality outcome in adults with non-specific chronic low back pain. DATA SOURCES: The search was performed in the following databases: Medline, Embase, AMED, Cinahl, Lilacs, Scielo, SportDiscus, ProQuest, Web of Science, PEDro, Academic Search Premier and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from 1950 to 2011; the following keywords were used: 'Pilates', 'Pilates-based', 'back exercises', 'exercise therapy', 'low back pain', 'back pain' and 'backache'. REVIEW METHODS: The inclusion criteria were studies that assessed the effects of the Pilates method on patients with chronic low back pain. RESULTS: Five studies met the inclusion criteria. The total number of patients was 71 in the Pilates group and 68 in the control group. Pilates exercise did not improve functionality (standardized mean difference (SMD = -1.34; 95% confidence interval (CI) -2.80, 0.11; P = 0.07) or pain between Pilates and control groups (SMD = -1.99; 95% CI -4.35, 0.37; P = 0.10). Pilates and lumbar stabilization exercises presented no significant difference in functionality (mean difference (MD) = -0.31; 95% CI -1.02, 0.40; P = 0.39) or pain (MD = -0.31; 95% CI -1.02, 0.40; P = 0.39). CONCLUSION: The Pilates method did not improve functionality and pain in patients who have low back pain when compared with control and lumbar stabilization exercise groups.

Resistance training improves inflammatory level, lipid and glycemic profiles in obese older women: A randomized controlled trial.

The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of resistance training on inflammatory levels, lipid and glycemic profile in obese older women. Thirty-eight obese older women (68.2±4.2years, and 41.0±6.2% of body fat) were randomly assigned to one of two groups: A training group (TG, n=19) that performed 8weeks of RT; or a control group (CG, n=19) that did not perform any type of exercise. The RT program consisted of 8 whole-body exercises for 3 sets of 10-15 repetition maximum (RM) carried out 3 times a week. Anthropometric, body composition (DXA), muscular strength (1RM), and blood sample measurements were performed pre- and post-training. After the intervention period, the TG demonstrated significantly (P<0.05) lower values than CG for interleukin-6 (TG=3.3±1.2pg/mL vs. CG=3.8±1.4pg/mL), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TG=3.1±1.5pg/mL vs. CG=3.5±1.8pg/mL), C-reactive protein (TG=1.8±1.4mg/L vs. CG=3.2±1.8mg/L), low-density lipoprotein (TG=85.1±11.0mg/dL vs. CG=148.7±0.1mg/dL), glucose (TG=90.8±11.1mg/dL vs. CG=97.9±6.9mg/dL), trunk fat (TG=12.7±3.5kg vs. CG=14.1±4.3kg), and total body fat (TG=37.5±5.7% vs. CG=43.1±5.6%). Furthermore, TG presented significantly (P<0.05) higher values for high-density lipoprotein (TG=58.3±15.4mg/dL vs. CG=55.2±11.8mg/dL). These results suggest that 8weeks of RT promote improvements on inflammatory levels, and the lipid and glycemic profile in obese older women. These findings further support the important role of RT in healthy aging.

Twenty minutes of post-exercise hypotension are enough to predict chronic blood pressure reduction induced by resistance training in older women

AIM: This study investigated the correlation between post-exercise hypotension (PEH) and chronic blood pressure (BP) reduction in older women after a resistance training (RT) program. METHODS: Twenty-five older women (≥60 years) performed a RT program for 8 weeks, 3x/week consisting of 3 sets of 8-12 repetitions maximum in 8 exercises. Acute and chronic BP measurements were performed using automatic equipment, in which acute BP was measured before and after 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 min following the sixth exercise session, while chronic BP was measured pre and post-training. RESULTS: Significant decrease for systolic blood pressure (SBP) was observed after the intervention period, however, the diastolic blood pressure (DBP) did not change. To acute changes in BP, SBP decreased at all times after a single RT session, while DBP increased after 40 min. The reduction for SBP after a single RT session at baseline showed positive and significant correlations with the reductions in basal SBP observed after the 8 weeks of RT, the strongest correlations were observed at 20 min. A linear relationship between the magnitude of change in chronic SBP and the 20 min for acute SBP, and 30 min for acute DBP of post-exercise was observed. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that acute BP lowering after RT session is a reliable predictor of chronic BP response to exercise training, and 20 min of resting, after RT training, is enough to indicate chronic response of BP as this measure was highly associated with chronic BP lowering in older women.(AU)

Effect of traditional resistance training on blood pressure in normotensive elderly persons: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses / Efeito do treinamento resistido tradicional sobre a pressão arterial em idosos normotensos: revisão sistemática de ensaios clínicos aleatórios e metanálises

Abstract The objective of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of the regular practice of traditional resistance training (RT) on systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in normotensive elderly persons. A systematic review of randomized clinical trials and meta-analyses was performed. Searches were performed without language restrictions in different databases. Randomized clinical trials published from 1966 to 2010 that assessed the effects of traditional RT on resting blood pressure (BP) and/or for the treatment of high BP were included. Only studies that assessed the effects of traditional RT on elderly adults, regardless of the number of exercises, with the presence of a control group and comparisons between groups, were included. Twenty-nine studies were found, but only six met the inclusion criteria. The mean difference was used for meta-analysis, using a 95% confidence interval and a random effect model. Traditional RT induced a significant decrease in SBP (-6.63 mmHg; p=0.02) but not in DBP (-3.34 mmHg; p=0.11). These results suggest that traditional RT may be a non-pharmacological strategy for the control of BP in the elderly. AU

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a efetividade da prática regular do treinamento resistido (TR) tradicional sobre a pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) e diastólica (PAD) em idosos normotensos. Uma revisão sistemática de Ensaios Clínicos Aleatórios (ECAs) com metanálises foi adotada. A busca dos estudos foi realizada sem restrição por idioma em diferentes bases de dados. ECA sobre os efeitos do TR tradicional sobre o controle da PAS e PAD de repouso ou no tratamento e/ou manutenção da pressão arterial elevada publicados de 1966 a 2016 foram selecionados. Somente estudos com idosos que realizaram o sistema de TR tradicional, independente do número de exercícios, com a presença de grupo controle e com comparações entre grupos foram incluídos. Dos 29 estudos encontrados na literatura somente seis atenderam os critérios estabelecidos. Para a metanálise empregou-se a diferença da média, com intervalo de confiança de 95% e modelo de efeito aleatório. A prática do TR tradicional acarretou redução significante na PAS (-6,63 mmHg; p=0,02) mas não na PAD (-3,34 mmHg; p=0,11). Os resultados sugerem que o TR tradicional pode ser uma estratégia não farmacológica bastante interessante para o controle da pressão arterial em idosos. AU

DISLIPIDEMIA EM ADOLESCENTES RESIDENTES EM UM MUNICÍPIO DO PARANÁ E SUA ASSOCIAÇÃO COM A OBESIDADE ABDOMINAL / DYSLIPIDEMIA IN ADOLESCENTS LIVING IN A CITY OF PARANÁ AND ASSOCIATION WITH ABDOMINAL OBESITY

RESUMO O objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar as associações da obesidade abdominal, e alterações no perfil lipídico (PL) de adolescentes. Foram selecionados aleatoriamente 650 adolescentesde um município do sudoeste do Paraná. Para a obesidade abdominal mediu-se a circunferência de cintura (CC), para verificar o PL realizou-se coleta sanguínea que determinaram as dosagens de triglicerídeos, colesterol total, lipoproteínas de alta e baixa densidade. Para análise estatística utilizou-se o teste qui-quadrado(x2), seguido de análise bivariada com valores expressos em odds ratio,com significância de p<0,05.Para as meninas com CC acima do recomendado, o risco variou entre 2,28 a 6,79 vezes mais chances de PL inadequado e até sete vezes mais chances de desenvolver dislipidemias. Para os meninos com CC aumentada,houve até 22 vezes mais chances de TG aumentados. Assim, apesar do quadro preocupante dos riscos à saúde destes adolescentes, para um quadro de dislipidemias as meninas parecem apresentar maior risco diante da obesidade abdominal.

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to investigate associations of abdominal obesity, and changes in lipid profile (LP) of adolescents. We randomly selected 650 adolescents from a city of Paraná. For abdominal obesity was measured waist circumference (WC), to verify LP blood collection was performed which determined the dosages of triglycerides, total cholesterol, high and low density lipoproteins. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test (x2) followed by bivariate analysis with value expressed in odds ratio and significance of p <0.05. For girls with WC above recommended, the risk ranged from 2.28 to 6.79 times more likely to inappropriate LP and up to seven times more likely to develop dyslipidemia. For boys with WC was increased up to 22 times more likely to TG increased. Thus, against abdominal obesity, the girls showed a higher risk of dyslipidemia.

Estado nutricional e condições de saúde de idosos de Francisco Beltrão, Paraná / Nutritional status and health conditions of elderly from Francisco Beltrão, Paraná

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the relationship between nutritional status and demographic, economic and self morbidities variables of elderly assisted by the Strategy Family Health Program of Francisco Beltrão, Parana. METHODS: This cross-sectional study assessed a population based sample of elderly aged over 60 years, and used a questionnaire with demographic, socioeconomic and the mentioned diseases data. The anthropometric measurements included weight, height and waist circumference. "T-Student", chi-square tests and multiple linear regression analysis were applied. Results: The study included 402 subjects, 72.1% composed by women. It was characterized by a high overweight prevalence 57.6%; being higher for women. Based on waist circumference, 73% of individuals had greatly increased risk for cardiovascular disease. Among the diseases aforementioned we found a prevalence of 73.9% for high blood pressure. There was a significant association between overweight nutritional status, women, age progression and increased waist circumference. CONCLUSION: This study reveals a high overweight prevalence, risk of cardiovascular disease and presence of hypertension, especially among women

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a relação entre estado nutricional e variáveis demográficas, econômicas e doenças referidas de idosos atendidos na Estratégia Saúde da Família de Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brasil. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo transversal que avaliou uma amostra populacional de idosos com idade igual ou superior a 60 anos. Foi utilizado questionário contendo informações demográficas, socioeconômicas e doenças referidas. As medidas antropométricas incluídas foram o peso, estatura e circunferência da cintura. Foram aplicados os testes T-Student, Qui-quadrado e análise de regressão linear múltipla. Resultados: Foram incluídos no estudo 402 indivíduos, sendo 72,1%composta por mulheres. Amostra foi caracterizada por elevada prevalência de sobrepeso 57,6%, sendo superior para as mulheres. Com base na circunferência da cintura, 73%dos indivíduos apresentaram risco muito aumentado para as doenças cardiovasculares. Entre as doenças referidas foi encontrada prevalência de 73,9% para hipertensão arterial. Houve associação significativa entre a condição nutricional de sobrepeso, mulheres, progressão da idade e circunferência da cintura elevada. CONCLUSÕES: Este estudo revela elevada prevalência de excesso de peso, risco de doenças cardiovasculares e presença de hipertensão arterial, sobretudo entre a condição nutricional de sobrepeso, mulheres, progressão da idade e circunferência da cintura elevada. Conclusões: Este estudo revela elevada prevalência de excesso de peso, risco de doenças cardiovasculares e presença de hipertensão arterial, sobretudo entre as mulheres

Hábitos nutricionais de adolescentes obesos envolvidos em um programa de orientação nutricional / Nutritional habits of obese adolescents involved in a nutritional program guidance

Objective: To assess the influence of nutritional guidelines on the food habits of overweight and obese adolescents. Methods: A cross-sectional study with 22 overweight or obese adolescents was conducted. The nutrition intervention program, in which adolescents received only guidelines covering topics on healthy eating, lasted twelve weeks. First, anthropometric measurements of weight and height were performedto verify the nutritional status. Subsequently, a food frequency questionnaire was applied through interviews. Dietary and anthropometric measurements were performed, before and after the program, to verify the influence of nutritional guidelines on the food habits of adolescents. Results: Regarding protein consumption, legumes, meat, and milk and dairy products were the groups where the nutritional guidelines were more effective, except for the milk and dairy products group. The group of fats and fried foods also improved percentage after nutritional guidance.The other food groups were not favorably influenced by nutritional guidance. Conclusion: Although the implementation of nutrition education focusing only on issues related to food had no effect in changing inappropriate eating habits, this study allowed a critical reflection about the ineffectiveness of isolated strategies and the possibility of changes in eating habits through nutritional guidance, based on the sum of strategies described in the literature.

Objetivo: Verificar a influência das orientações nutricionais sobre os hábitos alimentares dos adolescentes com sobrepeso e obesidade. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal com 22 adolescentes sobrepesos ou obesos. O programa de intervenção nutricional teve duração de 12 semanas, no qual os adolescentes recebiam somente orientações, abrangendo temas sobre alimentação saudável. Primeiramente, foram realizadas medidas antropométricas, para verificar o estado nutricional. Posteriormente, foi aplicado um questionário de frequência alimentar e um registro alimentar. As avaliações dietéticas e antropométricas foram realizadas antes e após o programa, para verificar a influência das orientações nutricionais sobre os hábitos alimentaresdos adolescentes. Resultados: Houve uma redução significativa no índicede massa corporal e no percentual de gordura, em ambos os sexos, no pós-programa; porém, esses indicativos ainda continuaram com valores elevados. Em relação ao consumo alimentar, o grupo das leguminosas e carnes foi o grupo no qual as orientações nutricionais foram mais efetivas, assim como o grupo das gorduras e frituras, em que houve uma redução no consumo após as orientações nutricionais. Os demais grupos alimentares não apresentaram resultados favoráveis. Conclusão: Apesar de a realização da educação nutricional com enfoque nos assuntos relacionados somente à alimentação não apresentar efeito na mudança dos hábitos alimentares inadequados, o presente estudo permitiu uma reflexão crítica sobre a ineficácia de estratégias isoladas e a possibilidade de mudanças nos hábitos alimentares por meio de orientação nutricional, a partir do somatório de estratégias descritas na literatura.

Aptidão física relacionada à saúde em homens e mulheres de 17-26 anos / Health-related physical fitness in men and women aged 17-26 years

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a aptidão física relacionada à saúde de homens e mulheres, estudantes do curso de Educação Física/Esporte. Para tanto, 257 voluntários do curso de Educação Física/Esporte de ambos os sexos (132 mulheres e 125 homens), de 17 a 26 anos, foram submetidos a medidas antropométricas e os seguintes testes motores: sentar e alcançar (SA), abdominal modificado (ABD) e corrida/caminhada de 12 minutos (12min). Os resultados demonstraram diferenças significantes (p<0,05) entre homens e mulheres para o teste de 12min (homens = 2479 ± 333 vs. mulheres = 1899 ± 230 m), ABD (homens = 45 ± 9 vs. mulheres = 34 ± 10 repetições) e SA (homens = 31 ± 8 vs. mulheres = 33 ± 7 cm). Os homens apresentaram uma maior taxa de atendimento aos critérios estabelecidos no teste de 12min (homens = 62% vs. mulheres = 11%; p<0,05) e ABD (homens = 95% vs. mulheres = 85%; p<0,05), sem diferença significante entre os sexos no SA (homens = 93% vs. mulheres = 96%; p>0,05). A grande maioria dos sujeitos investigados atenderam os critérios estabelecidos para dois ou três testes analisados (92% dos homens e 85% das mulheres). Assim, os resultados sugerem que estudantes do curso de graduação em Educação Física/Esporte tendem a apresentar elevados níveis de resistência de força abdominal e flexibilidade, independente do sexo, embora grande parte deles apresente níveis de aptidão cardiorrespiratória insatisfatórios.

This study aimed to evaluate health-related physical fitness in male and female undergraduate students of Physical Education and Sports. Two hundred and fifty-seven 257 volunteer students aged 17 to 26 years (132 females and 125 males) underwent an antrhopometric assessment and motor fitness tests including sit-and-reach test (SRT), a modified abdominal fitness test (ABDT), and 12-minute run-walk test (12MRW). The results showed significant gender differences (p<0.05) in the 12MRW (males = 2,479 ± 333 vs. females = 1,899 ± 230 m), ABDT (males = 45 ± 9 vs. females = 34 ± 10 repetitions) and SRT (males = 31 ± 8 vs. females = 33 ± 7 cm). A higher proportion of males met the criteria in the 12MRW (males = 62% vs. females = 11%) and ABDT (males = 95% vs. females = 85%). Most subjects met the criteria in two or three tests (92% males and 85% females). These findings suggest that undergraduate students of Physical Education and Sports, either males or females, tend to have higher levels of abdominal strength and endurance and flexibility despite a low level of cardiorespiratory fitness.

Respostas pressóricas pós-exercícios com pesos executados em diferentes sobrecargas por mulheres normotensas / Post-exercise pressoric responses of exercises performed at different loads by normotensive women

O treinamento com pesos (TP) vem sendo amplamente recomendado para a melhoria de alguns componentes da aptidão física relacionada à saúde. Mais recentemente, vem-se discutindo o impacto do TP em indivíduos com disfunções crônico-degenerativas como a hipertensão arterial. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi comparar o efeito de um programa de TP executado com diferentes sobrecargas sobre o comportamento da pressão arterial (PA) pós-exercício. Para tanto, 16 mulheres jovens (20,5 ± 1,5 anos) e aparentemente saudáveis, após ser submetidas a oito semanas de TP para equiparação dos níveis de condicionamento muscular, foram separadas, aleatoriamente, em dois grupos. A partir daí, cada grupo realizou 12 semanas de TP sob diferentes intensidades (GI = 3 X 6-8 RM e GII = 3 X 10-12 RM, respectivamente), com a freqüência de três sessões semanais em dias alternados. Medidas de PA foram obtidas em repouso, por meio do método auscultatório, e nos minutos 1, 5, 10 e 30 após o término de uma sessão de TP. ANOVA two way para medidas repetidas foi utilizada nas comparações entre grupos nos diferentes períodos de tempo, ao passo que o teste post hoc de Scheffé foi empregado para a identificação das diferenças específicas, sendo adotado nível de significância de 5 por cento. Nenhuma diferença estatisticamente significante foi encontrada, tanto para a PA sistólica (PAS) quanto diastólica (PAD), na comparação entre os grupos. Todavia, o efeito hipotensivo do TP foi identificado somente no GI, a PAS apresentando redução significante, quando comparada com os valores de repouso, a partir do 10º minuto de recuperação pós-exercício (P < 0,05). Os resultados sugerem que a resposta hipotensiva pós-exercício acarretada pelo TP parece ser melhorada discretamente por protocolos de maior intensidade.

Resistance training (RT) has been widely recommended for improvement of some health-related physical fitness components. Recently, the impact of RT in individuals with chronic-degenerative dysfunctions such as hypertension has been discussed. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare the effects of one program of resistance training performed at different intensities on post-exercise blood pressure response. Therefore, sixteen apparently healthy young women (20.5 ± 1.5 year-old) were randomly separated in two groups after having been submitted to an eight-week RT for equalization of muscular fitness levels. Each group then performed 12 weeks of RT prescribed by one of two different-intensity protocols (GI = 3 x 6-8 RM; GII = 3 x 10-12 RM; three alternated days per week). Systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressures were assessed at rest and at minutes 1, 5, 10 and 30 after training, through auscultatory technique. Two-way ANOVA for repeated measures was used for comparison between groups at the different moments, and Scheffé post-hoc test (a = 5 percent) was applied to point out where the differences occur. No significant statistical difference (P > 0.05) was found for SBP or DBP between groups at any moment. However, the RT hypotensive effect was observed only for GI, with the SBP showing a significant reduction when compared to rest values at minutes 10 and 30 of recovery (P < 0.05). In conclusion, only higher intensity resistance training can exert a slightly acute hypotensive effect on young females.

Efeito de 16 semanas de treinamento com pesos sobre a pressão arterial em mulheres normotensas e não-treinadas / Effect of 16-week weight training over blood pressure in normotensive and non-trained women

O propósito deste estudo foi analisar o impacto de 16 semanas de treinamento com pesos (TP) sobre a pressão arterial (PA) em mulheres normotensas. Para tanto, participaram do estudo 21 mulheres jovens (20,5 ± 2,1 anos), não-treinadas, que foram separadas, aleatoriamente, em grupo treinamento (GT = 13) e grupo controle (GC = 8). O protocolo de TP foi estruturado de forma progressiva, em duas etapas, com duração de oito semanas cada, sendo executado com freqüência semanal de três sessões. Medidas de PA foram realizadas em repouso por meio do método auscultatório nos diferentes momentos do estudo (linha de base, após oito e 16 semanas). O teste de Shapiro-Wilk foi utilizado para análise da normalidade dos dados. ANOVA two-way para medidas repetidas foi utilizada para as comparações entre os grupos ao longo do tempo, seguida pelo teste post-hoc de Scheffé quando P < 0,05. Uma interação grupo vs. momento foi encontrada nos valores de PA sistólica, diastólica e média, com reduções significantes, ao longo das 16 semanas de acompanhamento, na ordem de 5, 8 e 6mmHg, respectivamente, no GT. Os resultados sugerem que 16 semanas de TP podem provocar importantes reduções na PA em mulheres jovens, normotensas e, previamente, não-treinadas.

The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of a 16-week weight training (WT) over blood pressure (BP) in normotensive women. The sample consisted of 21 young women (20.5 ± 2.1 years), non-trained, who were randomly grouped in training group (TG = 13) and control group (CG = 8). The WT protocol was progressively structured, in two phases, with duration of eight weeks each, being performed with weekly frequency of three sessions. BP measurements were conducted at rest through the auscultatory method, in the different moments of the study (baseline, after eight and 16 weeks). The Shapiro-Wilk test was used for analysis of the data normality. Two-way ANOVA for repeated measurements was used for the comparisons between groups during the time, followed by the Scheffé post-hoc test when P < 0.05. A group v. moment interaction was found in the systolic, diastolic and mean BP values, with significant decreases, during the 16 weeks of follow-up, in the order of 5, 8 and 6 mmHg, respectively, in the TG. The outcomes suggest that the 16 week-WT program may cause important reductions in BP in normotensive young women and previously non-trained.