Interlayer Chemical Modulation of Phase Transitions in Two-Dimensional Metal Chalcogenides.

Two-dimensional metal chalcogenides (2D-MCs) with complex interactions are usually rich in phase transition behavior, such as superconductivity, charge density wave (CDW), and magnetic transitions, which hold great promise for the exploration of exciting physical properties and functional applications. Interlayer chemical modulation, as a renewed surface modification method, presents congenital advantages to regulate the phase transitions of 2D-MCs due to its confined space, strong guest-host interactions, and local and reversible modulation without destructing the host lattice, whereby new phenomena and functionalities can be produced. Herein, recent achievements in the interlayer chemical modulation of 2D-MCs are reviewed from the aspects of superconducting transition, CDW transition, semiconductor-to-metal transition, magnetic phase transition, and lattice transition. We systematically discuss the roles of charge transfer, spin coupling, and lattice strain on the modulation of phase transitions in the guest-host architectures of 2D-MCs established by electrochemical intercalation, solution-processed intercalation, and solid-state intercalation. New physical phenomena, new insight into the mechanism of phase transitions, and derived functional applications are presented. Finally, a prospectus of the challenges and opportunities of interlayer chemical modulation for future research is pointed out.

Subdiffusive Source Sensing by a Regional Detection Method.

Motivated by the fact that the danger may increase if the source of pollution problem remains unknown, in this paper, we study the source sensing problem for subdiffusion processes governed by time fractional diffusion systems based on a limited number of sensor measurements. For this, we first give some preliminary notions such as source, detection and regional spy sensors, etc. Secondly, we investigate the characterizations of regional strategic sensors and regional spy sensors. A regional detection approach on how to solve the source sensing problem of the considered system is then presented by using the Hilbert uniqueness method (HUM). This is to identify the unknown source only in a subregion of the whole domain, which is easier to be implemented and could save a lot of energy resources. Numerical examples are finally included to test our results.

MKI67 an potential oncogene of oral squamous cell carcinoma via the high throughput technology.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma is a malignant tumor that occurs in the oral cavity, with poor prognosis and easy recurrence. However, the relationship between MKI67 and oral squamous cell carcinoma remains unclear. The oral squamous cell carcinoma datasets GSE138206, GSE146483 and GSE184616 were downloaded from the gene expression omnibus database, and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened. The protein-protein interaction network was constructed and analyzed by search tool for the retrieval of interacting genes database and Cytoscape software. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) were used for functional enrichment analysis. GO and KEGG analyses were performed on the whole genome, as formulated by gene set enrichment analysis. comparative toxicogenomics database was used to identify the diseases most associated with the core genes. TargetScan was used to screen miRNA regulating central DEGs. A total of 1472 DEGs were identified. GO analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in the tissues of extracellular matrix, type i interferon signaling pathway, human papillomavirus infection, adhesion spot, hepatitis C and ECM-receptor interaction. Enrichment items were similar to GO and KEGG enrichment items of differentially expressed genes. 10 core genes were obtained, and their expression was different between oral squamous cell carcinoma and normal tissue samples. MKI67 is highly expressed in oral squamous cell carcinoma and may be an oncogene in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

[Preparation of procion brilliant blue-doped silica nanorods and their recognition properties for proteins].

Protein enrichment and separation is one of the pivotal preliminary steps of proteomics studies, which is important to medical diagnosis and treatment. In this study, procion brilliant blue-doped silica nanorod was prepared via self-assembly sol-gel technology without any additional template. Procion brilliant blue was covalently linked to 3-aminopropyltriethyloxy silane in ethanol. Tetraethylorthosilane (TEOS) was then added into the mixture, subsequently hydrolyzed and co-condensed for 3 h under stirring. The resulted nanorods were isolated by centrifugation, re-dispersed in deionized water, and centrifuged again. This wash process was repeated three times. Finally, the nanorods were dried under vacuum. Procion brilliant blue acted simultaneously as a self-assembly template during the preparation process, and subsequently as recognition probe for proteins. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image showed that the nanotubes were 2-16 microm in length and 200-500 nm in diameter. The obtained nanorods were further characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSA), separately. All these results indicated that procion brilliant blue were successfully doped into silica nanorods. The recognition property of nanorods for bovine serum albumin (BSA) was investigated under static condition. The resulted nanorods showed high binding capacity (57.6 mg/g) for BSA and fast adsorption equilibrium (within 60 min). The nanorods were also evaluated with four typical proteins, hemoglobin, trypsin, lysozyme and pepsin, with different relative molecular masses and isoelectric points. The results indicated that the prepared nanorods exhibited the highest binding capacity for trypsin (87.5 mg/g) and the least binding for hemoglobin (Hb, 3.0 mg/g). This easy preparation protocol and excellent recognition property make the prepared materials a bright future in proteomics research.