High hiring rate of nurses in Catalonia and the rest of Spain hides precarious employment from 2010 to 2019: A quantitative study.

AIM: This study aims to describe the hiring of nurses in Catalonia and the rest of Spain over 10 years. BACKGROUND: Precarious employment (PE) has negative consequences for nurses' quality of life and work performance. METHODS: Quantitative study using a retrospective, longitudinal, descriptive design. We analysed publicly available employment data from Catalonia and the rest of Spain. RESULTS: Nurses are among the health professionals with the lowest proportion of open-term (permanent) contracts, 25% during the first 4 years of employment. During the study period, each nurse hired had an average of 3.44 contracts per year. The proportion of nurses with a fixed-term (non-permanent) contract shrank from 25.3% in 2006 to 20.5% in 2012 and grew rapidly to 38.7% in 2018. We estimate that 14,800 nurses signed fixed-term contracts in 2018 without ever having registered as unemployed in nursing. CONCLUSION: High rates of fixed-term hiring and the high number of contracts per nurse are evidence of a high level of PE for nurses in Catalonia. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: When policymakers and workforce planners design recruitment and retention programmes for nurses, they should consider improving working conditions by extending more open-term contracts to combat PE and, indirectly, the shortage of nurses.

An intersectional gender analysis in kidney transplantation: women who donate a kidney.

BACKGROUND: Living-donor transplantation is the best treatment option in patients with chronic kidney failure. Global data show that women are less likely to be kidney recipients than men but are more likely to become living kidney donors. We explored the experience of women who donate a kidney to relatives with biological and socio-cultural ties and to understand the similarities and differences in their experience. METHODS: A qualitative hermeneutic phenomenological study with an intersectional analysis of gender. Ten women donors accepted in the transplant evaluation period participated, all of whom donated a kidney to a pre-dialysis relative. Two categories were included: women with biological kinship ties (mothers, sisters) and women who have a socio-cultural relationship (wives) with kidney recipient. The data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews and analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS: Women donate their kidneys in a convinced manner, without worrying about their health, with an optimistic and positive attitude, and without believing that they are acting heroically. Women with biological kinship ties see it as a 'naturalization thing'. In contrast, wives donate conditioned by gender roles, but also as a form of empowerment and as a personal benefit: they donate in order to avoid taking on carer role for their husband and as a way of protecting their children. CONCLUSION: The study's findings expand the conception of kidney donation as solely altruistic and may help professionals to pay attention to the complexity and intersectionality of features present in women who are living kidney donors.

The experience of Catalonia measuring nurse-sensitive indicators: Trends study 2012-2018.

AIM: To describe nursing-sensitive indicators measured in Catalonia. BACKGROUND: In Catalonia, since 2012, under the umbrella of the Results Centre, outcomes of every health care setting have been published and made open to health care professionals and citizens. METHODS: Trends study of nursing-sensitive indicators was based on data collected systematically from each setting from 2012 to 2018. Percentages and rates were calculated for each of 14 indicators analysed from all primary care, hospitals and long-term care centres. RESULTS: Percentage of population aged 60 years or older correctly vaccinated against flu has been decreasing, while percentage of population aged 14 years or under with correct vaccine status is high (over 91%) and has remained stable over time. Mortality in patients who have developed complications has increased, from 27.1% in 2012 to 34.0% in 2017. Most centres achieved functional improvements during the first 30 days of admission. CONCLUSIONS: Among all indicators measured in primary care, hospital and long-term care, only 14 analysed are nursing-sensitive; no nursing-sensitive indicators regarding mental health are measured. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: Research focused on development of nursing-sensitive indicators offers an opportunity to measure and benchmark nurses' quality of care and their contribution in achieving populations' health improvement and health care system sustainability.

Facilitators, Barriers, and Solutions in Pain Management for Older Adults with Dementia.

BACKGROUND: Although qualitative studies have been conducted to identify barriers and facilitators that influence the pain management of older adults with dementia, as far as we know, only a very recent study (Andrews et al., 2019) has used participatory action research (PAR) as a methodology for studying pain management. It allows nurses to examine and improve their practice based on their realities and within their context. AIM: To reflect on nursing practice and identify facilitators and barriers in the management of pain in older adults with dementia and to propose actions for improvement. DESIGN: We used qualitative participatory action research. PARTICIPANTS/SETTINGS: Ten nurses from the geriatric acute care unit of a university hospital in Spain were recruited through convenience sampling. METHODS: Data were generated through a written questionnaire and three focus groups. RESULTS: One of the main facilitators the participants identified was professional experience. The main barriers they identified were lack of knowledge and skills and lack of time. The participants proposed two main improvements: (1) a training program consisting of three courses (pain evaluation and management, dementia and pain, and pharmacology) and (2) the creation of a specific register for nurses to record patients' pain. CONCLUSIONS: Involving nurses directly in research on their practices can result in precise proposals for improvements based on their needs and oriented toward improving the quality of care. Moreover, our results confirm previous findings in other countries.

[Predicting Care and Repercussions for Caregivers of Surgical Patients at Home]. / Predicción de cuidados y repercusiones en los cuidadores en el domicilio de pacientes quirúrgicos.

Objectives: To analyze the correlation between the state of health, knowledge, and social support of surgical patients' caregivers at home, with the intensity of nursing care and its consequences. Methods: A longitudinal observational study with follow-up at admission, discharge and 10 days following discharge at home, held in the surgical hospitalization unit at the Vic University Hospital, (Barcelona). A non-randomized and consecutive sample of 317 informal caregivers of surgical patients with abdominal surgery was included in the study. The characteristics of caregivers were studied using the Nursing Outcomes Classification indicators. The intensity of nursing care, consequences and impact on patient quality of life was evaluated through the validated ICUB97-R questionnaire. Results: Most of the caregivers were women, with an average age of 52,9 ± 13,7years, with no previous experience as caregivers. The greatest intensity of care and impact was observed on caregivers who attended dependent and/or cancer diagnosed patients at home, dedicating the largest time to provide care (p < 0,005). Predictor variables for the occurrence of consequences during convalescence at home were emotional health satisfaction, routine activity disruption, fear, sleep pattern and being a dependent patient. Conclusions: Emotional health satisfaction, routine activity disruption, fear, sleep pattern and being a dependent patient before surgery are strong predictive variables for the occurrence of consequences on caregivers during convalescence at home. There is a significant negative correlation between punctuations in the ICUB97-R questionnaire and the Nursing Outcomes Classification indicators.

Developing Evidence-Based Practice questionnaire for community health nurses: reliability and validity of a Spanish adaptation.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to translate the community nursing version of the Developing Evidence-Based Practice questionnaire, adapt the Spanish translation to the primary care context in Spain, and evaluate its reliability and validity. BACKGROUND: Instruments available in Spanish to date are not designed to rigorously evaluate barriers and incentives associated with evidence-based practice implementation in community health nursing. DESIGN: Classical Test Theory approach. METHODS: The 49-item Developing Evidence-Based Practice questionnaire was translated, back-translated and pilot-tested. Two items were added to assess respondents' ability to read and understand the English language. During the first six months of 2010, 513 nurses from 255 primary health care centres in Catalunya (Spain) voluntarily participated in the study. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were evaluated. Internal structure was analysed by principal component analysis. A randomized, controlled, parallel-design study was carried out to test scores' sensitivity to change with two groups, intervention and control. The intervention consisted of eight hours of in-person training, provided by experts in evidence-based practice. RESULTS: Of 513 nurses, 445 (86·7%) nurses responded to all 51 items. Factor analysis showed six components that explained 51% of the total variance. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were satisfactory (Cronbach α and intraclass correlation coefficients >0·70). A total of 93 nurses participated in the sensitivity-to-change tests (42 in the intervention group, 51 controls). After the training session, overall score and the 'skills for evidence-based practice' component score showed a medium (Cohen d = 0·69) and large effect (Cohen d = 0·86), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The Developing Evidence-Based Practice questionnaire adapted to community health nursing in the primary care setting in Spain has satisfactory psychometric properties. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: The Developing Evidence-Based Practice questionnaire is a useful tool for planning and evaluating the implementation of evidence-based practice in community health nursing.

[Surgical patients hospital home care program: two years evaluation]. / Programa de hospitalización domiciliara de pacientes quirúrgicos: evaluación de los dos años de funcionamiento.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the results after two years of the implementation of surgical patients' hospital home care program in Consort. Hospitalari de Vic. METHOD: Longitudinal study conducted between January 2011 and December 2012 on patients enrolled in hospital home care program patients. Sociodemographic, clinical, financial, management and patients experience variables were analysed. Data were obtained from hospital home care program records and Hospital Information Systems in addition to telephone surveys. We performed a univariate descriptive analysis using the statistical package SPSS Statistics 19. RESULTS. 691 patients were assessed, and 80.75% were included in hospital home care program. The average hospital length of stay was 5.01 days, with a 3.05% of readmission rate. A higher number of male patients were treated; patients under general surgery, orthopaedics and urology specialties were the more prevalence in the program. 82% of patients were assigned to the care plan "surgical patient", and the most recorded potential complications were pain (539) and infection (436). The mean overall satisfaction score with care was 8.67 +/- 1.37 out of 10. CONCLUSIONS: The results objectively reflect the impact of hospital home care program in our context. Moreover, it highlights the importance of the advanced nursing role.

Nursing Practice Variations in Pain Management in Older Adults With Dementia Admitted to an Acute Geriatrics Unit During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The current retrospective descriptive study evaluated nursing practice variations on pain management in older adults with dementia admitted to an acute geriatrics unit (AGU) before (2018) and during (2021) the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Data were gathered from electronic health records. Pain intensity was evaluated a median of 1.9 times per day of stay in the pre-COVID-19 sample, whereas in the COVID-19 sample, the median was 0.7 times per day of stay. Median number of analgesic administrations per day of stay and mean percentage of clinical care records that mentioned pain were higher in patients admitted during the pandemic. Variations in nursing care organization in the AGU due to the COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on the patterns of pain management nursing practice in older adults with dementia. [Research in Gerontological Nursing, 16(4), 173-182.].

[Research projects in mental health care speciality: mentoring and lived experiences]. / Tutorización y vivencias personales: investigación en la especialidad de salud mental.

The goal of the present study is to describe the methodology followed in the implementation of the mentoring research projects developed by the three residents of mental health during the 2009-10 academic years and present the results obtained and recognition. We designed eight targeted monthly tutorials and educational material complementing the methodological support. The development of the project followed an established pattern that allowed progressively advancing in the various phases. When completed the projects, the most relevant were selected for presentation at the XI National Meeting of Residents of Mental Health Nursing, and planned a public presentation of all projects. The main findings from the evaluation work were made for every resident of the experience and the quality of the tutorials. In his narrative are the positive enrichment achieved during the year of residency from the perspective of learning as well as relationship with mentors. In the individual assessment reflect relevant aspects of the authorization process as closeness, trust, resolving doubts, guidelines for intervention. The project presented at the national meeting took second award.

"Care left undone" and quality of care during the COVID-19 pandemic: Influential factors and modulating strategies.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the quality of care provided during the COVID-19 pandemic, identifying what care has been prioritized and factors that have influenced such care. BACKGROUND: Given the need to adapt care due to the pandemic, nurses may have been subjected to factors that have negatively affected them, however it has also been possible to find actions that have enabled nurses to maintain the quality of care provided. METHOD: Exploratory study with a sample of 225 nurses. Data collection was performed using a self-assessment of the care provided, the 'Care Left Undone' Scale, and ad hoc questionnaire for demographic variables. RESULTS: The mean rate of missed care was 5.76. Significant differences were identified according to age, professional experience, field of specialty and personal and professional strategies. CONCLUSION: Both personal and professional feelings, characteristics, and strategies have an effect in the perception of quality of care provided and missed care during the pandemic.

["Missed care" and quality of care during the COVID-19 pandemic: Influential factors and modulating strategies]. / «Cuidados perdidos¼ y calidad de los cuidados durante la pandemia por COVID-19: factores y estrategias influyentes.

Objective: To analyze the quality of care provided during the COVID-19 pandemic, identifying what care has been prioritized and factors that have influenced such care. Background: Given the need to adapt care due to the pandemic, nurses may have been subjected to factors that have negatively affected them, however it has also been possible to find actions that have enabled nurses to maintain the quality of care provided. Method: Exploratory study with a sample of 225 nurses. Data collection was performed using a self-assessment of the care provided, the 'Care Left Undone' Scale, and ad hoc questionnaire for demographic variables. Results: The mean rate of missed care was 5.76. Significant differences were identified according to age, professional experience, field of specialty and personal and professional strategies. Conclusion: Both personal and professional feelings, characteristics, and strategies have an effect in the perception of quality of care provided and missed care during the pandemic.

Non-invasive interventions for improving well-being and quality of life in patients with lung cancer.

BACKGROUND: This is an updated version of the original review published in Issue 4, 2004 of The Cochrane Library. Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of death globally. Despite advances in treatment, the outlook for the majority of patients remains grim and most face a pessimistic future accompanied by sometimes devastating effects on emotional and psychological health. Although chemotherapy is accepted as an effective treatment for advanced lung cancer, the high prevalence of treatment-related side effects as well the symptoms of disease progression highlight the need for high-quality palliative and supportive care to minimise symptom distress and to promote quality of life. OBJECTIVES: To assess the effectiveness of non-invasive interventions delivered by healthcare professionals in improving symptoms, psychological functioning and quality of life in patients with lung cancer. SEARCH STRATEGY: We ran a search in February 2011 to update the original completed review. We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (The Cochrane Library 2011, Issue 2), MEDLINE (accessed through PubMed), EMBASE, PsycINFO, AMED, British Nursing Index and Archive (accessed through Ovid) and reference lists of relevant articles; we also contacted authors. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomised or quasi-randomised clinical trials assessing the effects of non-invasive interventions in improving well-being and quality of life in patients diagnosed with lung cancer. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two authors independently assessed relevant studies for inclusion. Data extraction and risk of bias assessment of relevant studies was performed by one author and checked by a second author. MAIN RESULTS: Fifteen trials were included, six of which were added in this update. Three trials of a nursing intervention to manage breathlessness showed benefit in terms of symptom experience, performance status and emotional functioning. Four trials assessed structured nursing programmes and found positive effects on delay in clinical deterioration, dependency and symptom distress, and improvements in emotional functioning and satisfaction with care.Three trials assessed the effect of different psychotherapeutic, psychosocial and educational interventions in patients with lung cancer. One trial assessing counselling showed benefit for some emotional components of the illness but findings were not conclusive. One trial examined the effects of coaching sensory self monitoring and reporting on pain-related variables and found that although coaching increases the amount of pain data communicated to providers by patients with lung cancer, the magnitude of the effect is small and does not lead to improved efficacy of analgesics prescribed for each patient's pain level. One trial compared telephone-based sessions of either caregiver-assisted coping skills training (CST) or education/support involving the caregiver and found that patients in both treatment conditions showed improvements in pain, depression, quality of life and self efficacy.Two trials assessed exercise programmes; one found a beneficial effect on self empowerment and the other study showed an increase in quadriceps strength but no significant changes for any measure of quality of life. One trial of nutritional interventions found positive effects for increasing energy intake, but no improvement in quality of life. Two small trials of reflexology showed some positive but short-lasting effects on anxiety and pain intensity.The main limitations of the studies included were the variability of the interventions assessed and the approaches to measuring the considered outcomes, and the lack of data reported in the trials regarding allocation of patients to treatment groups and blinding. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Nurse follow-up programmes and interventions to manage breathlessness may produce beneficial effects. Counselling may help patients cope more effectively with emotional symptoms, but the evidence is not conclusive. Other psychotherapeutic, psychosocial and educational interventions can play some role in improving patients' quality of life. Exercise programmes and nutritional interventions have not shown relevant and lasting improvements of quality of life. Reflexology may have some beneficial effects in the short term.

Spanish Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Advance Care Planning Self-Efficacy: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Perceived self-efficacy in advance care planning (ACP) is frequently used to measure the impact of ACP programs for professionals responsible for advanced chronic patients. A validated ACP Self-Efficacy (ACP-SE) scale is not currently available in Spanish. Objective: To culturally adapt and validate Baughman's ACP-SE scale into Spanish (ACP-SEs). Methodology/Design: An instrumental study was performed in two phases: (1) cultural adaptation of the ACP-SE scale and (2) psychometric properties measurement. Setting/Participants: The survey was sent to 5785 professionals: physicians, nurses, psychologists, and social workers, members of scientific associations in the areas of primary care, geriatrics, and palliative care in Catalonia, Spain. Results: Five hundred thirty-eight questionnaires were obtained, respondents were physicians (69.0%) and nurses (28.4%) and mean age was 47 years (standard deviation [SD] = 10.1). Most were women (79.6%), 68% had >15 years of professional experience, and 80.7% worked in primary care. Internal consistency was high (Cronbach's alpha = 0.95) and showed a unidimensional structure explaining 56.2% of total variance. Mean score was 67.37 (SD = 16.1). Variables associated with greater self-efficacy were previous training (t = -3.23, df = 273.76, p = 0.001), previous participation in ACP processes (t = -6.23, df = 521, p < 0.001), and membership in geriatric or palliative care scientific association (p < 0.001). ACP-SEs positively correlated to other compared scales. Conclusion: The ACP-SE scale demonstrates adequate psychometric properties. This is the first self-efficacy scale for ACP in Spanish. It should facilitate a better understanding of implementation processes related to ACP programs for professionals involved in caring for patients with advanced diseases.

Pain management nursing practice assessment in older adults with dementia.

AIM: To assess pain management nursing practice in older adults with dementia through electronic health records (EHR). DESIGN: Retrospective study. METHODS: Data were collected from EHR related to pain management in older adults with dementia treated at the Acute Geriatrics Unit (AGU) of a university hospital in early 2018. RESULTS: EHR related to the pain of 111 patients were reviewed. Pain intensity was assessed at admission in 88% of patients and a median of 1.9 times per day of stay. A disproportionate number of the assessments (39%) occurred during the late shift. A median of 1 drug per day was administered. Pain was recorded in 28% of patients' care plans, and non-pharmacological interventions were recorded in 12%. In conclusion, exist variability in pain management nursing practice in older adults with dementia. Admission diagnosis correlated with the analgesic administration schedule, the number of drugs administered and the number of pain nursing annotations.

Primary Care Professionals' Self-Efficacy Surrounding Advance Care Planning and Its Link to Sociodemographics, Background and Perceptions: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Primary care (PC) professionals have been considered the most appropriate practitioners for leading Advance care planning (ACP) processes with advanced chronic patients. AIM: To explore how PC doctors' and nurses' self-efficacy surrounding ACP is linked to their sociodemographic characteristics, background and perceptions of ACP practices. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed. Sociodemographics, background and perceptions about ACP in practice were collected using an online survey. The Advance Care Planning Self-Efficacy Spanish (ACP-SEs) scale was used for the self-efficacy measurement. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Bivariate, multivariate and backward stepwise logistic regression analyses were performed to identify variables independently related to a higher score on the ACP-SEs. RESULTS: N = 465 participants, 70.04% doctors, 81.47% female. The participants had a mean age of 46.45 years and 66.16% had spent >15 years in their current practice. The logistic regression model showed that scoring ≤ 75 on the ACP-SEs was related to a higher score on feeling sufficiently trained, having participated in ACP processes, perceiving that ACP facilitates knowledge of preferences and values, and perceiving that ACP improves patients' quality of life. CONCLUSION: Professionals with previous background and those who have a positive perception of ACP are more likely to feel able to carry out ACP processes with patients.

Nursing students' first experience of death: Identifying mechanisms for practice learning. A realist review.

OBJECTIVES: Many studies regarding nursing student's first experience of facing the death of a patient have focused on classroom methods or exploring attitudes towards death and related fears or anxieties. This review is the first to identify the mechanisms that facilitate practice learning as a result of students' first time experience of handling a patient's death. DESIGN: A realist review as a form of a systematic review of the literature. DATA SOURCES: The literature search focused on the earliest death experience of baccalaureate nursing students and end-of-life care, using databases MEDLINE, CINAHL, SCOPUS, ERIC, PSYCINFO. REVIEW METHODS: Three research questions were addressed following a five-step process of (1) defining the scope of review and developing a theoretical framework, (2) conducting a theory-driven purposive search for evidence, (3) appraising evidence and extracting data, (4) synthesizing data and drawing conclusions, and (5) disseminating findings; with iterative expert consultation and discussion to answer the five questions of any realist review: 'what works, for whom, in what circumstances, how and why'. RESULTS: Thirteen publications were included. Practice learning involves both changes and context improvements to be assessed and discussed by managers, leaders, nurse educators-facilitators and students. The environment and nursing role models are an inherent part of practice learning. Further work is needed to theorize the twelve key outcomes laid out in this review. These proposals require further consensus and the inclusion of inputs from both students and nurses. CONCLUSION: The student nurse receives contradictory messages during the first experience of facing the death of a patient under their care. Considering the importance of this experience, specific indicators should be developed to track and guarantee and the optimal achievement of required competencies.

[Nursing staff and patient results: systematic review about the existing relationship]. / Plantillas de enfermería y resultados de los pacientes. Revisión sistemática.

OBJECTIVE: Review the evidence about the relationship between nursing staff characteristics and patient care results. METHODS: Systematic Review Research at CENTRAL, the Cochrane Plus library MEDLINE CINAHL, EMBASE and PsycINFO until June 2009. Original studies on adult patients checked into hospitals in acute care sections of whatever design have been included, these studies were published either in Spanish or English. Two independent reviewers evaluated the quality of these studies under the GRDAE system and extracted data. RESULTS: 55 studies were included. Patient-nurse ratio has repercussions on costs, mortality and the appearance of complications. Controversy on the repercussion regarding care quality. The relationship of nursing hours per patient has repercussions on satisfaction, infection, cardiac alterations, bleeding, average hospital stay net costs, sepsis, and ulcers. Controversy on repercussions regarding falls, medication errors and life quality decreases the complications, and promotes self-care. Nurses-emotional states bears an influence on falls and medication errors. CONCLUSION: There is a relationship between the nursing staff and patient care results. This review's results have to be considered with caution and evaluated as a tendency since quality conditions their interpretation. Nursing staffs acquire a special relevance in the Spanish health system context due to changes produced in the population and type of patient, the deficit of professionals, and the modification of nursing study plans.

The experience of donating and receiving a kidney: A systematic review of qualitative studies.

BACKGROUND: The experiences described by people who have undergone kidney transplant are complex. Understanding how donors and recipients experience kidney transplantation can help us to design strategies that provide a more person-centred health care. OBJECTIVES: To review articles that report the experiences of donors and recipients in the living-donor kidney transplantation process. METHOD: A systematic review of qualitative studies was carried out. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL and PsycINFO databases were used to search for articles published in English, French and Spanish between 2005 and 2018. RESULTS: Twenty-nine articles were included in this review. For recipients, receiving a kidney is a positive experience (positive feelings and significant experience) that also involves certain difficulties and stressors (making a difficult decision, fears and worries). The experience of the donors is positive as they are motivated to improve the life of the recipient. They are committed to donating and use coping strategies as well as experiencing personal growth. On the contrary, being a donor involves certain difficulties and stressors (personal investment, mental, physical and economic impact and overcoming opposition) and a perception of deficiency in the health system (lack of information and attentiveness). CONCLUSION: Donating and receiving a kidney is a positive experience that involves certain difficulties and a variety of stressors for both the donors and recipients. Moreover, the donors note deficiencies in the health system.

ANTECEDENTES: Las experiencias que explican las personas sometidas a un trasplante renal son complejas. Entender como experimentan el trasplante renal los donantes y los receptores nos puede ayudar a diseñar estrategias para proporcionar una atención sanitaria más centrada en la persona. OBJETIVOS: Revisar artículos que hablen sobre las experiencias de los donantes y los receptores en el proceso de trasplante renal de donante vivo. MÉTODO: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de estudios cualitativos. Se utilizaron las bases de datos Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cinahl y Psycinfo para buscar artículos desde el año 2005 hasta 2018 publicados en inglés, francés o español. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 29 artículos en esta revisión. Para los donantes la experiencia de donar es positiva ya que están motivados para mejorar la vida del receptor, donan de forma convencida, utilizan estrategias de afrontamiento y experimentan crecimiento personal. Por otro lado, donar supone dificultades y estresores (inversión personal, impacto económico, físico, mental y superar la oposición) y percepción de carencia en el sistema sanitario (falta de información y desatención). Para los receptores el recibir un riñón es una experiencia positiva (sentimientos positivos y experiencia significativa) ligada también a dificultades y estresores (toma de decisión difícil, temores y preocupaciones). CONCLUSIONES: Dar y recibir un riñón es una experiencia positiva que comporta dificultades y factores estresantes diferentes para los donantes y para los receptores. Además, los donantes constatan una carencia en el sistema sanitario. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Profile and results of frail patient assessed by advanced practice nursing in an Emergency Department. / Perfil y resultados del paciente frágil valorado por la Enfermera de Práctica Avanzada en un servicio de urgencias.

OBJECTIVES: To describe the profile of patients evaluated by Nurse Care Management in an Emergency Department and identify the type of alternative healthcare resource assigned and report the results of clinical practice. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Prospective follow-up, on admission to the Emergency Department in an acute hospital and on discharge from the alternative healthcare resource, of patients assessed by Nurse Care Management, from July to December 2015. The patient characteristics, social environment and results of clinical practice were studied. RESULTS: 190 patients were included of whom 13 were readmitted (6.8%). 122 (59.8%) cases from the Emergency Department were referred to to intermediate care facilities, 71 (34.8%) cases for domiciliary care, 10 (4.9%) cases were referred to an acute care hospital and 1 (0.5%) died. Patients referred to intermediate care were more complex, presented geriatric syndromes as their reason for admission and diagnosed with dementia, while those referred to home care presented more respiratory and cardiovascular illnesses (p <0.05). The mean Barthel Index and polypharmacy before emergency admission were higher than at the time of discharge from the alternative healthcare resource (p <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Patients presenting with advanced age, complexity, comorbidity, are referred to intermediate care facilities or domiciliary care, they are admitted to acute care hospitasl and are readmitted less than other patients. After being discharged from the alternative resource, they lose functional capacity and present less polypharmacy.

Effectiveness of an educational intervention and physical exercise on the functional capacity of patients on haemodialysis. / Efectividad de una intervención educativa y de ejercicio físico sobre la capacidad funcional de los pacientes en hemodiálisis.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the impact of a standard hospital educational intervention including active physical exercises on personal well-being, functional capacity and knowledge of the benefits of prescribed physical activity for patients undergoing haemodialysis. METHOD: An uncontrolled, quasi-experimental, before-and-after study with repeated measures of response variables at 4, 8 and 12 weeks after participating in an educational and physical exercise hospital intervention. It was performed at the Nephrology Unit at the Hospital Complex in Vic within september and december 2014. The patients' well-being, functional capacity and knowledge were assessed. Assessment tools: NOC nursing indicators, Barthel index scale, FAC Holden, Timed Get Up and Go test and Daniels scale. RESULTS: We included 68 (80.0%) patients and 58 (85.3%) completed, with a mean age of 70.16±13.5 years; 62.1% were males. After 12 weeks, the patients had better scores of personal well-being (2.33±1.2, 3.88±0.8), more autonomy to perform activities of daily living (Barthel: 92.8±12.8; 93.5±13.9), more muscle strength (Daniels Scale: 3.81±0.7, 4.19±0.6) and walked more briskly (Get Up and Go test: 14.98±8.5; 15.65±10.5). All of the score differences were statistically significant (P<05) except the Barthel Index. CONCLUSIONS: The standard educational intervention and active exercise performed at hospital level improved the personal well-being, knowledge and functional capacity of patients on haemodialysis.