RNF38 inhibits osteosarcoma cell proliferation by binding to CRY1.

The PI3K/AKT pathway plays an important role in the development of osteosarcoma. RNF38 interferes with activation of the AKT pathway. Cryptochrome1 (CRY1) inhibits osteosarcoma proliferation through the AKT pathway. We aimed to clarify whether RNF38 affects the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells by regulating the PI3K/AKT pathway through its interaction with CRY1. The mRNA levels of RNF38 were determined using qRT-PCR. Protein levels of RNF38, p-p70S6, p70S6, +p-AKT, AKT, p-mTOR, mTOR, and CRY1 were detected by western blotting. The proliferation of osteosarcoma cells was detected using CCK-8 and colony formation assays. The interaction between CRY1 and RNF38 was detected by co-immunoprecipitation and GST pull-down assays. RNF38 expression was higher in Saos-2 and U20S cells than in hFOB cells. Overexpression of RNF38 promoted the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells, the number of colonies, and p-AKT and p-mTOR levels, suggesting that overexpression of RNF38 activated the PI3K/AKT pathway. In addition, RNF38 directly binds to the N-terminal of CRY1. The simultaneous knockdown of RNF38 and CRY1 restored the level of p-AKT, which was reduced by RNF38 knockdown alone. RNF38 affects the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells by regulating the PI3K/AKT pathway through its interaction with CRY1.

miR-411 suppresses acute spinal cord injury via downregulation of Fas ligand in rats.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the role of miR-411/FasL in acute spinal cord injury (ASCI). METHODS: The ASCI rat model was established, and expression of miR-411 and Fas ligand (FasL) was examined. Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan (BBB) score was used to evaluate the rats' neurological function. PC12 oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) model was also established. Gene manipulation (including miR-411 mimic or inhibitor) was used to modulate gene expression. Luciferase reporter assay was conducted to confirm the targeting relationship between miR-411 and FasL. Flow cytometry was applied in the measurement of PC12 cell apoptosis. Finally, the miR-411 mimic was injected into the vertebral canal of ASCI rats to determine the effects of miR-411 in vivo. RESULTS: Compared with sham group, the expression of miR-411 and FasL was significantly decreased and increased in ASCI group, respectively (P < 0.05). Similarly, the expression of miR-411 and FasL was significantly lower and higher in OGD group than that in control group, respectively (P < 0.05). miR-411 directly controlled the FasL expression. miR-411 mimic can dramatically reduce the increased percentage of apoptosis cells caused by OGD when comparing to mimic control, which was greatly reversed by the overexpression of FasL (P < 0.05). Further, the BBB score was significantly elevated in the miR-411 mimic group when comparing to mimic control group, with decreased FasL expression (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: miR-411 mimic suppressed PC12 cell apoptosis via FasL, and relieved ASCI in rats.

[The Advancement of Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared Technology in Clinical Application].

The authors systemically reviewed the fast development of attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy and its clinical application in the past decades. The advantages of this objective technique include real time scanning, easy manipulation and no harm to the subjects examined. Combined with pattern recognition methodology and further confirmation with the clinical and pathological diagnosis, the goal of fast differentiation of malignancy from benign lesions could be achieved. ATR-FTIR spectroscopy technique has shown high differential capacity for benign and malignant tissues such as thyroid, breast and pulmonary diseases. ATR-FTIR spectroscopy has being applied in investigating the differential value (the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy) of metastatic lymph nodes in thyroid and breast cancer with encouraging results. ATR-FTIR technique would become a promising tool in tissue diagnosis intra-operatively. ATR-FTIR spectroscopy has also been widely applied in detecting bio-fluid to differentiate diseases. The serum ATR-FTIR spectroscopy has the ability of reflecting disease-related information in a fingerprint manner with little amount of blood. Several published articles have covered diseases such as glioma, chest pain, prostate cancer, renal failure, Alzheimer's disease, and ovarian cancer. The results of these researches have proved the efficacious discriminate value of this method. As ATR-FTIR spectroscopy has the potential of fast analysis, accurate diagnosis, and low cost-effective value. It would become one of the most important assisting diagnosis tools in future. Follow-up study should focus on enhancing sample quality and enlarging sample size to have further prospective clinical application.

[Analysis of the effect of double button plate combined with strengthened anchor in the treatment of acromioclavicular dislocation].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and prognosis of double button plate combined with strengthened anchor technique and clavicular hook plate internal fixation for complete acromioclavicular joint dislocation. METHODS: From July 2017 to September 2020, a total of 42 patients with acromioclavicular joint dislocation treated by surgery were choosen as study objects and divided into observation group (21 cases) and control group (21 cases). In the observation group, there were 14 males and 7 females, aged 21 to 63 years old, with an average of (45.05±8.70) years old. In the control group, there were 16 males and 5 females, aged 25 to 68 years old, with an average of(45.00±9.44) years old. The patients in the observation group were treated with double button plate combined with strengthened anchor technique, whereas those in the control group received clavicular hook plate internal fixation. The two groups were compared in terms of operating time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative hospital stay, shoulder pain(visual analogue scale, VAS) score, shoulder function Constant-Murley score and postoperative complications. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the two groups in intraoperative blood loss or postoperative hospital stay(P>0.05). The operating time of double button plate combined with strengthened anchor technique group (65.24±5.36) min was significantly longer than that of the clavicular hook plate group (48.81±4.72) min, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in shoulder function or pain degree between the two groups before operation (P>0.05). After 1 month, 3 months and 6 months, the Constant-Murley score of the observation group was 73.29±2.15, 85.43±1.47, 93.86±1.24 separately, which were significantly higher than those of the control group;and the VAS score was 2.76±0.62, 1.71±0.64, 0.57±0.51 separately, which were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). One instance of shoulder discomfort was found in the observation group, while 5 cases of shoulder pain, 2 cases of restricted shoulder mobility, and 1 case of subacromial bone absorption were found in the control group. In both group, there was no loss of reduction. CONCLUSION: In the treatment of complete acromioclavicular joint dislocation double button plate combined with strengthened anchor technique achieves favorable clinical result. Internal fixation does not need to be removed. The recovery of shoulder joint function and pain relief are superior than clavicular hook plate internal fixation, which is more worthy of clinical promotion.

[Type A/H1N1 influenza: a clinical summary of 24 imported cases].

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical characteristics and laboratory results of 24 confirmed H1N1 influenza cases. METHODS: The characters of clinical, laboratory, iconography and etiology of 24 patients with A/H1N1 were studied, and the changes of T-lymphocyte subsets that between the pre- and post-treatment were evaluated. RESULTS: The ages of patients were ranged from 6 to 65 years old; average age was 26 years old.15 patients were under 25 years old. 22 (22/24, 91.7%) patients had recently traveled to USA or Canada. The most common presenting symptoms were: fever (22/24, 91.7%); sore throat (22/24, 91.7%); cough (20/24, 83.3%); dry cough (14/24, 58.3%); expectoration (6/24, 25.0%); nasal discharge (6/24, 25.0%). Six had pneumonia in sixteen patients (6/16, 37.5%) who took CT scan; seven (7/24, 29.2%) had headache and four (4/24, 16.7%) had muscular soreness; two (2/24, 8.3%) had sneeze and nasal obstruction; only one(1/24, 4.2%) had diarrhea; one (1/24, 4.2%) had conjunctivitis. The result of 23 patients about T-Lymphocyte subsets: most of CD4 and CD8 were decreased (18/23, 78.3%), ranging from 122 to 691 cells/microl (normal was 706 - 1125 cells/microl), with the average of 408 cells/microl, but ratios of CD4/CD8 were normal. Fourteen patients were detected CD4 and CD8 after received the treatment during 5 to 7 days.the results of CD4 (cells/microl) were different between the pre- and post-treatment: 436.29 +/- 189.06, 976.71 +/- 332.96 (paired-samples t test: t = -5.416, P < 0.05) while the results of CD8 (cells/microl) were: 323.64 +/- 176.47, 703.14 +/- 211.77 (t = -5.319, P < 0.05); the results of leukocytes in 22 patients were different between pre- and post-treatment: (5.13 +/- 1.47) x 10(9)/L, (6.25 +/- 1.37) x 10(9)/L (t = -2.900, P < 0.05) while the results of lymphocytes were: (1.16 +/- 0.43) x 10(9)/L, (2.30 +/- 0.37) x 10(9)/L (t = -6.819, P < 0.05); but the ratios of CD4/CD8 were: 1.44 +/- 0.41, 1.40 +/- 0.26 (t = 0.507, P > 0.05). All the patients were received antivirus treatment (Oseltamivir) and the virus conversed during 1 - 10 days (average 4.5 days). The temperature was normal after onset during 3 - 4 days and the patients were recovered during 3 - 13 days (with the average of 7.3 days). CONCLUSION: Influenza A virus H1N1 subtype was identified as the cause of outbreaks of febrile respiratory infection which was self-limited. There was no evidence to show that the changes of T-Lymphocyte subsets could indicate the prognosis of patients.

LncRNA PRNCR1 regulates CXCR4 expression to affect osteogenic differentiation and contribute to osteolysis after hip replacement.

BACKGROUND: Osteogenic differentiation plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of osteolysis, which is a complication of hip orthroplasty. The roles of lncRNA PRNCR1 in osteogenic differentiation and osteolysis were dissected in this study. METHODS: The expression of PRNCR1, miR-211-5p and C-X-C chemokine receptor-4 (CXCR4) protein in wear particles and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were determined by qRT-PCR and Western blot, separately. The osteogenic differentiation degree of MSCs was assessed by ALP activity detection and ARS staining. Binding and interaction between RNA and protein were determined with RIP and RNA pull-down assay, respectively. Interaction between miR-211-5p and CXCR4 was examined by Dual luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS: PRNCR1 and CXCR4 were up-regulated in wear particles around prosthesis and in MSCs treated with PMMA, while miR-211-5p was down-regulated. Repression of PRNCR1 weakened the inhibitory effect of wear particles on osteogenic differentiation. PRNCR1 positively regulated CXCR4 through inhibiting miR-211-5p. Wear particles increased CXCR4 level through miR-211-5p to inhibit osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. Wear particles down-regulated miR-211-5p level through PRNCR1 to influence osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. CONCLUSION: LncRNA PRNCR1 up-regulates CXCR4 through targeting miR-211-5p, which affects osteogenic differentiation and thus contributing to osteolysis after hip replacement.

LncRNA PRNCR1 regulates osteogenic differentiation in osteolysis after hip replacement by targeting miR-211-5p.

Background Osteogenic differentiation and osteolysis after hip replacement are both associated with bone metabolism. Interaction between the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) prostate cancer non-coding RNA 1 (PRNCR1) and miR-211-5p was analyzed to illuminate their roles in osteogenic differentiation and osteolysis. Methods The expression of PRNCR1, miR-211-5p and C-X-C chemokine receptor-4 (CXCR4) protein in tissues and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were determined by qRT-PCR and western blot, separately. The osteogenic differentiation was assessed with Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity detection and ARS staining. The endogenous expressions of genes were modulated by recombinant plasmid and cell transfection. Combination condition and interaction between RNA and protein were determined with RIP and RNA pull-down assay, respectively. Interaction between miR-211-5p and CXCR4 was examined with Dual luciferase reporter assay. Results PRNCR1 and CXCR4 were up-regulated in wear particles around prosthesis and in MSCs incubated with Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), while miR-211-5p was down-regulated. Repression of PRNCR1 weakened the inhibitory effect of wear particles on osteogenic differentiation. PRNCR1 positively regulated CXCR4 through inhibiting miR-211-5p. Wear particles regulated CXCR4 level through miR-211-5p to affect osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. Wear particles regulated the miR-211-5p level through PRNCR1 to affect osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. Conclusion LncRNA PRNCR1 up-regulates CXCR4 through inhibiting miR-211-5p, which inhibits osteogenic differentiation and thereby leading to osteolysis after hip replacement.

A reliable, compact, and repetitive-rate high power microwave generation system.

A compact high power microwave (HPM) generation system is described in this paper. The main parts of the HPM system are a Marx generator with a pulse forming line and a magnetron with diffraction output. The total weight and length of the system are 250 kg and 120 cm, respectively. The output microwave power of the HPM system at 550 kV of applied voltage and 0.33 T of magnetic field reaches 1 GW at 2.32 GHz of central frequency with 38 ns of pulse duration, 23% of power conversion efficiency, and Gaussian radiation pattern. In the bursts operation, both time and amplitude jitters are less than 4 ns and lower than 1.5 dB, respectively.

Treatment of patellar fractures with cable through the bone and Kirschner with a hole in the tail / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study clinical effects of a new internal fixation by using a cable through the bone and Kirschner with a hole in the tail, for the treatment of patellar fractures.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From May 2012 to July 2013, thirty-four patients with patellar fractures were treated with cable through the bone and Kirschner with a hole in the tail. All the patients had close fracture,including 12 transverse fractures and 22 comminuted fractures. There were 18 males and 16 females, ranging in age from 26 to 81 years old, with an average of (46.0 ± 3.0) years old. After open reduction, two appropriate length of Kirschner with a hole in the tail were driven into the patella as perpendicular to the fracture line or the major fragments as possible. A transverse bone tunnel was then drilled with a Kirschner at one side of the patella. Then the cable, which was successively pulled through the bone tunnel and the hole of Kirschner, was crossed in a figure-eight over the anterior of the patella, tightened and fixated by special instruments. The Kirschner was clipped off on the edge of the hole. If it was a comminuted fracture, another cable was used to fasten the patella with cerclage. Postoperative evaluation was based on Bostman.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 12 to 26 months, with a mean of (16.0 ± 2.0) months. Fractures healed in all the cases without such complications as infection, loosening of Kirschner and cable loop, and skin irritation. According to the Böstman score system, 33 cases got an excellent result, and 1 good.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The cable through the bone and Kirschner with a hole in the tail is a simple, stable and effective method for the treatment of patellar fractures, especially the transverse fractures, with earlier knee exercise and fewer complications.</p>