The global survival rate of graft and patient in kidney transplantation of children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis on published studies about the Global Survival Rate of Graft and Patients in the Kidney Transplantation of children. METHODS: Studies that investigated the survival rate of kidney transplants published until the 30th of December 2020 were selected using a systematic search strategy in the following databases: Medline, Embase, Scopus, ProQuest, ISI Web of Science, and Cochrane. The extracted data were entered into the Excel software and STATA 16.0. The search identified 6007 study references. From the total, we excluded 1348 duplicates, 3688 reference titles and abstracts that were deemed irrelevant, and 846 references that were not original articles (i.e., letter, commentary, review) or did not meet the inclusion criteria. As such, 89 studies involving 12,330 participants were included in this meta-analysis. RESULTS: In this study 1, 3, 5, 7 and 10-year survival rates of graft were estimated to be 92, 83, 74.40, 67.10, and 63.50%, respectively. Also, 1, 3, 5, 7 and 10-year survival rates of patients were estimated to be 99.60, 97.30, 95.20, 74.60, and 97.90%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest differences in graft and patient survival among children with kidney transplants. Although differences in ethnic origin, incompatibility with deceased donor kidneys, and types of kidney disease are unavoidable, interventions to improve preventive and living-donor transplantation are particularly needed in minority groups. In addition, more research is needed to establish and address the contribution of medical and sociocultural barriers to preferential treatment of these groups.

Investigating the association of atopy and aeroallergen sensitization and chronic spontaneous urticaria.

Introduction: Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is a common skin allergic reaction with an unknown mechanism. There is inadequate evidence to support the role of aeroallergen sensitization in CSU. Aim: The present study was conducted to investigate the association between the aeroallergen sensitivity and CSU. Material and methods: In this cross-sectional study, 91 patients with CSU were recruited. Information on demographic characteristics was collected. The skin prick test (SPT) for most prevalent aeroallergens and pulmonary function test (PFT) were performed and the results were clinically matched to investigate the allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma. Total serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) concentration was analysed in the subjects for the presence of atopy. Results: Ninety one patients (75 of them were females) were enrolled in the study (with a mean age of 36.90 ±12.93 years). SPT result was positive in 75 (82.4%) subjects. Weeds (67 cases, 73.6%), trees (61 cases, 67%), and dust mites (55 cases, 60.4%) were the most common pollens in the positive SPT samples. Thirty-seven (40.7%) of the patients had allergic rhinitis. There was a statistically significant association between the presence of AR and positive SPT result (p = 0.002). Eight patients had allergic asthma and 45 (49.4%) of the patients had a total serum IgE level of more than 100 IU/ml. Conclusions: Our results indicated a clear association between the presence of aeroallergen sensitivity and development of CSU. AR exists as a co-morbidity of CSU.

Investigating the effect of background music on cognitive and skill performance: A cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Existing studies on the impact of background music in the workplace have reported varying results, from improving production and performance to being known as an annoying factor. Given the lack of evidence of the background music influence on the cognitive factors in the work place in previous studies and the lack of study on the effect of background music on skill performance when gender and personality type is considered, research in this area seems necessary. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the present study is to investigate the influence of background music on cognitive and skill performance in the work place with regard to gender and personality type. METHODS: This study was conducted with the participation of 52 students (26 males and 26 females) aged between 18-30 years old. Sustained attention, working memory, fine finger and gross manual dexterity skills and personality type were assessed. Participants were randomly tested once when being exposed to classical instrumental music and once again when faced with complete silenceRESULTS:Playing background music improved students working memory but had no significant effect on sustained attention. Music also improved skill performance.Overall, memory performance and fine finger dexterity were found significantly better in extroverts when compared to introverts during playing background music. CONCLUSION: Background music improves working memory and speeds up performance in skill tasks, however the role of personality type in influencing background music on cognitive and skill performance needs further investigation.

Survival Rate of Liver Transplantation in Asia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Liver transplantation is one of the most effective treatments for acute liver failure, chronic liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. This study was implemented to evaluate the survival rate of liver transplant in Asia. Methods: Studies that investigated the survival rate of liver transplant were selected using a systematic search strategy in the following databases: Medline, Embase, Scopus, ProQuest, ISI Web of Science, and Cochrane to Nov 30th, 2020. Pooled survival rate and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using Der-Simonian and Laird method. Stata 16.0 (Stata Corp, College Station, TX, USA) was used for analysis. Results: One, 2, 3, 5, and 10-year survival rates of liver transplant were estimated to be 85%, 80%, 75%, 73%, and 71%, respectively. The results of the univariate meta-regression for defining the sources of heterogeneity for one-Year survival rate (SR) showed significant effects of bias (ß high risk/moderate risk =0.059, 95% CI: 0.002, 0.115, P-Value=0.04) and follow up time (ß= -0.0002, 95% CI: -0.0003, -0.00, P-Value=0.02) on heterogeneity. Conclusion: The survival rate of liver transplant in Asia is comparable with the corresponding rate reported in the United States and Europe. This study provides a better view of the efficiency of medical cares, regarding liver transplantation. Medical care be enhanced to increase the survival of liver transplant patients.

Graft and Patient Survival Rates in Kidney Transplantation, and Their Associated Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND: End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) is an irreversible impairment of kidney function that leads to permanently dependent on alternative therapies such as hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, and renal transplantation. This study aimed to systematically investigate the survival rate of patients with renal transplantation, graft, and its related factors in Iran. METHODS: This systematic review and meta-analysis drew on articles indexed in six international and one internal databases (Medline/PubMed, ProQuest, Scopus, Embase, SID, and Web of knowledge) until Nov 2020. The reporting of the present study was performed in terms of PRISMA statement. All analyzes were performed using the STATA software. RESULTS: Overall, 367 titles from 6 databases were evaluated of which 86 articles met the inclusion criteria. According to the random model, the graft survival rate at one, three, five, and 10 years were 92.48%, 85.08%, 79.96% and 68.15% respectively. Additionally, the patient survival rates at one, three, five, and 10 years were 91.27%, 86.46%, 81.17% and 78.15% respectively. There was a significant relationship between the age recipient and three-year graft survival rate (P=0.021). Additionally, there was an inverse and significant relationship between the donor age and 10-year patient survival rate (P=0.011). CONCLUSION: The patient and graft survival in transplanted kidney patients is comparable with most developed countries.

The survival rate of hepatocellular carcinoma in Asian countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Hepatocellular carcinoma or Liver cancer (LC) is the sixth most common cancer and the fourth cause of death worldwide in 2018. There has not been a comprehensive study on the survival rate of patients with LC in Asia yet. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the survival rate of patients with LC in Asian countries. The methodology of the present study is based on the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) statement. The researchers searched five international databases including Medline/PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Knowledge and ProQuest until July 1, 2018. We also searched Google Scholar for detecting grey literature. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Form was used to evaluate the quality of selected papers. A total of 1425 titles were retrieved. 63 studies met the inclusion criteria. Based on the random-effect model one-year, three-year and five-year survival rate of LC were 34.8 % (95 % CI; 30.3-39.3), 19 % (95 % CI ; 18.2-21.8) and 18.1 % (95 % CI ;16.1-20.1) respectively. According to the results of our study, the LC survival rate in Asian countries is relatively lower than in Europe and North America.