Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 63
Filtrar
Más filtros

Banco de datos
País/Región como asunto
Tipo del documento
Intervalo de año de publicación
1.
BMC Cancer ; 21(1): 492, 2021 May 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33941102

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Mycosis fungoides (MF) is a primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) that transforms from mature, skin-homing T cells and progresses during the early stages in the skin. The role of the skin microenvironment in MF development is unclear, but recent findings in a variety of cancers have highlighted the role of stromal fibroblasts in promoting or inhibiting tumorigenesis. Stromal fibroblasts are an important part of the cutaneous tumor microenvironment (TME) in MF. Here we describe studies into the interaction of TME-fibroblasts and malignant T cells to gain insight into their role in CTCL. METHODS: Skin from normal (n = 3) and MF patients (n = 3) were analyzed for FAPα by immunohistochemistry. MyLa is a CTCL cell line that retains expression of biomarkers TWIST1 and TOX that are frequently detected in CTCL patients. MyLa cells were cultured in the presence or absence of normal or MF skin derived fibroblasts for 5 days, trypsinized to detached MyL a cells, and gene expression analyzed by RT-PCR for MF biomarkers (TWIST1 and TOX), Th1 markers (IFNG, TBX21), Th2 markers (GATA3, IL16), and proliferation marker (MKI67). Purified fibroblasts were assayed for VIM and ACTA2 gene expression. Cellular senescence assay was performed to assess senescence. RESULTS: MF skin fibroblast showed increased expression of FAP-α with increasing stage compared to normal. Normal fibroblasts co-cultured with MyLa cells suppressed expression of TWIST1 (p < 0.0006), and TOX (p < 0.03), GATA3 (p < 0.02) and IL16 (p < 0.03), and increased expression of IFNG (p < 0.03) and TBX21 (p < 0.03) in MyLa cells. In contrast, MyLa cells cultured with MF fibroblasts retained high expression of TWIST1, TOX and GATA3. MF fibroblasts co-culture with MyLa cells increased expression of IL16 (p < 0.01) and IL4 (p < 0.02), and suppressed IFNG and TBX21 in MyLa cells. Furthermore, expression of MKI67 in MyLa cells was suppressed by normal fibroblasts compared to MF fibroblasts. CONCLUSION: Skin fibroblasts represent important components of the TME in MF. In co-culture model, normal and MF fibroblasts have differential influence on T-cell phenotype in modulating expression of Th1 cytokine and CTCL biomarker genes to reveal distinct roles with implications in MF progression.


Asunto(s)
Fibroblastos Asociados al Cáncer/metabolismo , Proteínas del Grupo de Alta Movilidad/metabolismo , Linfoma Cutáneo de Células T/metabolismo , Proteínas Nucleares/metabolismo , Neoplasias Cutáneas/metabolismo , Microambiente Tumoral , Proteína 1 Relacionada con Twist/metabolismo , Actinas/genética , Actinas/metabolismo , Anciano , Fibroblastos Asociados al Cáncer/patología , Línea Celular Tumoral , Senescencia Celular , Técnicas de Cocultivo , Endopeptidasas/genética , Endopeptidasas/metabolismo , Femenino , Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Fibroblastos/patología , Factor de Transcripción GATA3/genética , Factor de Transcripción GATA3/metabolismo , Expresión Génica , Proteínas del Grupo de Alta Movilidad/genética , Humanos , Interferón gamma/genética , Interferón gamma/metabolismo , Interleucina-16/genética , Interleucina-16/metabolismo , Antígeno Ki-67/genética , Antígeno Ki-67/metabolismo , Linfoma Cutáneo de Células T/genética , Linfoma Cutáneo de Células T/patología , Masculino , Proteínas de la Membrana/genética , Proteínas de la Membrana/metabolismo , Persona de Mediana Edad , Micosis Fungoide/genética , Micosis Fungoide/metabolismo , Micosis Fungoide/patología , Proteínas de Neoplasias/genética , Proteínas de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Proteínas Nucleares/genética , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa , Piel/citología , Neoplasias Cutáneas/genética , Neoplasias Cutáneas/patología , Proteínas de Dominio T Box/genética , Proteínas de Dominio T Box/metabolismo , Linfocitos T/metabolismo , Proteína 1 Relacionada con Twist/genética , Vimentina/genética , Vimentina/metabolismo
2.
BMC Bioinformatics ; 20(Suppl 2): 91, 2019 Mar 14.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30871471

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Dermoscopy is one of the common and effective imaging techniques in diagnosis of skin cancer, especially for pigmented lesions. Accurate skin lesion border detection is the key to extract important dermoscopic features of the skin lesion. In current clinical settings, border delineation is performed manually by dermatologists. Operator based assessments lead to intra- and inter-observer variations due to its subjective nature. Moreover it is a tedious process. Because of aforementioned hurdles, the automation of lesion boundary detection in dermoscopic images is necessary. In this study, we address this problem by developing a novel skin lesion border detection method with a robust edge indicator function, which is based on a meshless method. RESULT: Our results are compared with the other image segmentation methods. Our skin lesion border detection algorithm outperforms other state-of-the-art methods. Based on dermatologist drawn ground truth skin lesion borders, the results indicate that our method generates reasonable boundaries than other prominent methods having Dice score of 0.886 ±0.094 and Jaccard score of 0.807 ±0.133. CONCLUSION: We prove that smoothed particle hydrodynamic (SPH) kernels can be used as edge features in active contours segmentation and probability map can be employed to avoid the evolving contour from leaking into the object of interest.


Asunto(s)
Dermoscopía/métodos , Interpretación de Imagen Asistida por Computador/métodos , Neoplasias Cutáneas/diagnóstico , Humanos , Neoplasias Cutáneas/patología
3.
Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) ; 91(1): 3-9, 2019 07.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30903626

RESUMEN

CONTEXT: Calorie restriction and overtraining are increasingly seen in young men who suffer from increasing societal pressure to attain a perceived ideal male body image. The resulting energy deficit can lead to multiple endocrine consequences, including suppression of the male gonadal axis. DESIGN: We reviewed the literature, including two unpublished cases. RESULTS: We identified 23 cases, aged median (range) 20 years (16-33), with a body mass index of 15.9 kg/m2 (12.5-20.5). Total testosterone was 3.0 nmol/L (0.6-21.3), and luteinizing hormone (LH) 1.2 mIU/L (<0.2-7.5), with 91% of cases demonstrating hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Associated findings included evidence of growth hormone resistance (increased growth hormone in 57% and low insulin-like growth factor-1 in 71%), hypercortisolaemia (50%) and a nonthyroidal illness picture (67%). In cases with longitudinal measurements following weight regain, serum testosterone (n = 14) increased from median [interquartile range] 3.2 nmol/L [1.9-5.1] to 14.3 nmol/L [9.3-21.2] (P < 0.001), and LH (n = 8) from 1.2 IU/L [0.8-1.8] to 3.5 IU/L [3.3-4.3] (P = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS: Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism can occur in the context of energy deprivation in young otherwise healthy men and may be underrecognized. The evidence suggests that gonadal axis suppression and associated hormonal abnormalities represent an adaptive response to increased physiological stress and total body energy deficit. The pathophysiology likely involves hypothalamic suppression due to dysregulation of leptin, ghrelin and pro-inflammatory cytokines. The gonadal axis suppression is functional, because it can be reversible with weight gain. Treatment should focus on reversing the existing energy deficit to achieve a healthy body weight, including psychiatric input where required.


Asunto(s)
Hipogonadismo/metabolismo , Kisspeptinas/metabolismo , Adolescente , Adulto , Anorexia/metabolismo , Peso Corporal/fisiología , Ejercicio Físico/fisiología , Ghrelina/metabolismo , Humanos , Factor I del Crecimiento Similar a la Insulina/metabolismo , Masculino , Testosterona/metabolismo , Pérdida de Peso/fisiología , Adulto Joven
4.
Dermatol Online J ; 23(11)2017 Nov 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29447636

RESUMEN

Primary cutaneous gamma/delta T-cell lymphoma (PCγδTCL) is a rare form of cutaneous lymphoma characterized by abnormal clonal proliferation of mature, activated gamma-delta T cells expressing the γδ heterodimer of the T-cell receptor (TCR). As an entity, PCγδTCL has recently undergone diagnostic revision since its introduction in the 2008 WHO classification of cutaneous lymphomas and confirmedin 2016. Nonetheless, diagnosis remains difficult both clinically and histologically, given its broad range of clinical manifestations and immunohistochemical phenotypes. Herein, we present a rare case of CD8+ PCγδTCL with a discussion highlighting theheterogeneity within this entity.


Asunto(s)
Linfocitos T CD8-positivos , Linfoma Cutáneo de Células T/diagnóstico , Cuero Cabelludo/patología , Neoplasias Cutáneas/diagnóstico , Anciano , Humanos , Linfocitos Intraepiteliales , Linfoma Cutáneo de Células T/patología , Masculino , Neoplasias Cutáneas/patología
5.
BMC Bioinformatics ; 17(Suppl 13): 367, 2016 Oct 06.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27766942

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Automated skin lesion border examination and analysis techniques have become an important field of research for distinguishing malignant pigmented lesions from benign lesions. An abrupt pigment pattern cutoff at the periphery of a skin lesion is one of the most important dermoscopic features for detection of neoplastic behavior. In current clinical setting, the lesion is divided into a virtual pie with eight sections. Each section is examined by a dermatologist for abrupt cutoff and scored accordingly, which can be tedious and subjective. METHODS: This study introduces a novel approach to objectively quantify abruptness of pigment patterns along the lesion periphery. In the proposed approach, first, the skin lesion border is detected by the density based lesion border detection method. Second, the detected border is gradually scaled through vector operations. Then, along gradually scaled borders, pigment pattern homogeneities are calculated at different scales. Through this process, statistical texture features are extracted. Moreover, different color spaces are examined for the efficacy of texture analysis. RESULTS: The proposed method has been tested and validated on 100 (31 melanoma, 69 benign) dermoscopy images. Analyzed results indicate that proposed method is efficient on malignancy detection. More specifically, we obtained specificity of 0.96 and sensitivity of 0.86 for malignancy detection in a certain color space. The F-measure, harmonic mean of recall and precision, of the framework is reported as 0.87. CONCLUSIONS: The use of texture homogeneity along the periphery of the lesion border is an effective method to detect malignancy of the skin lesion in dermoscopy images. Among different color spaces tested, RGB color space's blue color channel is the most informative color channel to detect malignancy for skin lesions. That is followed by YCbCr color spaces Cr channel, and Cr is closely followed by the green color channel of RGB color space.


Asunto(s)
Algoritmos , Interpretación de Imagen Asistida por Computador/métodos , Melanoma/diagnóstico por imagen , Reconocimiento de Normas Patrones Automatizadas/métodos , Neoplasias Cutáneas/diagnóstico por imagen , Color , Exactitud de los Datos , Dermoscopía/métodos , Humanos , Melanoma/patología , Sensibilidad y Especificidad , Neoplasias Cutáneas/patología
6.
Oncologist ; 20(10): 1161-6, 2015 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26306900

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The increasing incidence of primary cutaneous B-cell lymphomas (PCBCLs) presents new challenges for clinicians. Despite advances in the clinical and pathologic characterization of PCBCL, the significance of the current staging approach as a risk profiling tool and the effect of various treatments on outcome remain unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed patients who presented with a diagnosis of PCBCL seen at The Ohio State University between 1998 and 2012. We reviewed the initial presentation and treatment modality. We then assessed whether the treatment modality (conservative skin-directed vs. definitive radiation with or without systemic therapy), stage (T1 or ≥T2), or histologic subtype (primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma [PCFCL] vs. primary cutaneous marginal zone B-cell lymphoma [PCMZL]) affected the risk of recurrence. RESULTS: We identified 67 patients referred with an initial diagnosis of PCBCL. After imaging, 12 did not meet the criteria for PCBCL and were classified as having systemic B-cell lymphoma with cutaneous involvement. The remaining 55 patients included 25 with PCMZL, 24 with PCFCL, 2 with primary cutaneous large B-cell lymphoma leg type, and 4 with unclassifiable disease. According to the International Society of Cutaneous Lymphoma-European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer staging, 30 cases were T1 (55%), 14 T2 (25%), and 11 T3 (20%). Comparing the time to first recurrence (TFR) by indolent PCBCL subtypes, we found no difference in the recurrence risk for either stage (T1, p = .51 vs. T2/T3, p = .30). Comparing TFR by treatment modality, we found no difference in TFR within T1 patients (p = .34) or T2/T3 patients (p = .44). CONCLUSION: Our limited analysis highlights the importance of complete staging at diagnosis and suggests that the treatment modality does not affect the risk of recurrence in T1 indolent PCBCL.


Asunto(s)
Linfoma de Células B/patología , Linfoma de Células B/terapia , Neoplasias Cutáneas/patología , Neoplasias Cutáneas/terapia , Centros Médicos Académicos , Adulto , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapéutico , Terapia Combinada , Femenino , Humanos , Linfoma de Células B de la Zona Marginal/patología , Linfoma de Células B de la Zona Marginal/terapia , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia , Ohio , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resultado del Tratamiento
7.
Am J Dermatopathol ; 37(8): 604-13, 2015 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25839892

RESUMEN

Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is the second most common type of peripheral T-cell lymphoma worldwide, and in some countries, it is the most common form. Clinically, AITL usually presents with systemic symptoms, diffuse lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, and common laboratory abnormalities such as hypergammaglobulinemia. Rashes are seen in 50%-80% of patients. AITL derives from follicular T-helper cells (TFH), that express germinal center markers and produce hyperactivation of B-cells seen in AITL. Although the histological features of AITL in the skin could be similar to pathological findings present in lymph node biopsies, herein, we present 2 cases of AITL with histological and immunophenotypic features that were somewhat suggestive of extranodal marginal zone lymphoma. Caution is urged to exclude the possibility of a systemic T-cell lymphoma such as AITL in cutaneous and lymph node B-cell proliferations.


Asunto(s)
Linfadenopatía Inmunoblástica/patología , Linfoma de Células B de la Zona Marginal/patología , Linfoma Cutáneo de Células T/patología , Neoplasias Cutáneas/patología , Anciano , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Linfadenopatía Inmunoblástica/complicaciones , Linfoma Cutáneo de Células T/química , Linfoma Cutáneo de Células T/complicaciones , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias Cutáneas/química , Neoplasias Cutáneas/complicaciones
8.
J Biol Chem ; 288(13): 9284-92, 2013 Mar 29.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23426363

RESUMEN

The retrovirus restriction factor SAMHD1 is the first identified mammalian dNTP triphosphohydrolase that is highly expressed in human myeloid lineage cells and CD4(+) T lymphocytes. Although SAMHD1 expression is variable in human cell lines and tissue types, mechanisms underlying SAMHD1 gene regulation have not been defined. Recent studies showed that SAMHD1 is highly expressed in human primary CD4(+) T lymphocytes, but not in some CD4(+) T cell lines. Here, we report that SAMHD1 expression varies among four CD4(+) T cell lines and is transcriptionally regulated. Cloning and sequence analysis of the human SAMHD1 promoter revealed a CpG island that is methylated in CD4(+) T cell lines (such as Jurkat and Sup-T1), resulting in transcriptional repression of SAMHD1. We also found that the SAMHD1 promoter is unmethylated in primary CD4(+) T lymphocytes, which express high levels of SAMHD1, indicating a direct correlation between the methylation of the SAMHD1 promoter and transcriptional repression. SAMHD1 expression was induced in CD4(+) T cell lines by blocking DNA methyltransferase activity, suggesting that promoter methylation is one of the key epigenetic mechanisms by which SAMHD1 expression is regulated.


Asunto(s)
Linfocitos T CD4-Positivos/citología , Regulación de la Expresión Génica , Proteínas de Unión al GTP Monoméricas/metabolismo , Secuencia de Bases , Proliferación Celular , Islas de CpG , Metilación de ADN , Epigénesis Genética , Células HEK293 , Humanos , Células Jurkat , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Monocitos/citología , Regiones Promotoras Genéticas , Proteína 1 que Contiene Dominios SAM y HD , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN , Homología de Secuencia de Ácido Nucleico , Transcripción Genética
9.
Clin Immunol ; 146(2): 131-9, 2013 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23314273

RESUMEN

Psoriasis vulgaris is a chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease associated with complex genetic susceptibility. Although the hallmark of psoriasis is characterized by cutaneous inflammation and keratinocyte hyperproliferation, recent studies show that the pathologic features observed in psoriasis arises as a result of innate and adaptive immune activation in genetically prone individuals. Studies focused on the microenvironment in the skin of psoriasis lesions have revealed novel cellular and cytokine abnormalities of the immune system. One pathway important is the role of the T(H)17/IL-17 dysregulation. The recent development of biologics that target the IL-17 cytokine pathway has confirmed the importance of T(H)17 and IL-17 homeostasis in the skin and yielded potent therapies in the treatment of psoriasis, and potentially other autoimmune diseases.


Asunto(s)
Interleucina-17/metabolismo , Terapia Molecular Dirigida/métodos , Psoriasis/inmunología , Psoriasis/terapia , Animales , Anticuerpos Monoclonales/uso terapéutico , Ensayos Clínicos Fase II como Asunto/métodos , Ensayos Clínicos Fase II como Asunto/tendencias , Humanos , Interleucina-17/inmunología , Interleucina-17/fisiología , Terapia Molecular Dirigida/tendencias , Psoriasis/patología , Transducción de Señal/inmunología
10.
J Am Acad Dermatol ; 68(3): 489-92, 2013 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22981608

RESUMEN

Hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) has emerged as an effective immunotherapy for several severe autoimmune diseases. A comprehensive search of the existing literature was performed for patients with psoriasis and HSCT. Nineteen patients have been reported to have psoriasis resolution after allogeneic or autologous HSCT. In the allogeneic setting, 10 of 13 were noted to have durable remission of their psoriasis with a mean follow-up of 49 months. Two cases that did reoccur were only transient. Six patients underwent autologous transplantation. Of these, 5 of 6 developed a recurrence of their psoriasis within 2 years. Based on a limited number of patients, psoriasis is likely to remit after allogeneic HSCT, but it is likely to recur after autologous HSCT.


Asunto(s)
Trasplante de Células Madre Hematopoyéticas , Psoriasis/terapia , Trasplante Homólogo , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunoterapia , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Recurrencia , Inducción de Remisión , Trasplante Autólogo
11.
Am J Clin Dermatol ; 24(2): 247-273, 2023 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36630066

RESUMEN

Biologic therapies targeting B-cells are emerging as an effective strategy to treat a variety of immune-mediated diseases. One of the most studied B-cell-targeted therapies is rituximab, an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody that exemplifies B-cell depletion therapy and has served as the prototype for other anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies and the development of biosimilars. While there are multiple studies on the use of rituximab in dermatology, a comprehensive review of rituximab therapy in autoimmune skin conditions is lacking. In this literature review, we summarize indications, treatment efficacy, and safety of rituximab among common autoimmune diseases of the skin: pemphigus vulgaris, cutaneous lupus erythematous, dermatomyositis, systemic sclerosis, thyroid dermopathy, autoimmune pemphigoid diseases, and cutaneous vasculitis diseases. Existing data on rituximab support the approach of rituximab, biosimilars, and newer B-cell-targeting therapies in immune-mediated cutaneous diseases. Overall, rituximab, which targets CD20, provides an effective alternative or concomitant option to traditional immunosuppressants in the management of various autoimmune diseases of the skin. Further studies are necessary to expand the understanding and possible utility of B-cell-targeted therapies among autoimmune skin diseases.


Asunto(s)
Antineoplásicos , Enfermedades Autoinmunes , Biosimilares Farmacéuticos , Enfermedades del Sistema Inmune , Humanos , Rituximab , Biosimilares Farmacéuticos/uso terapéutico , Anticuerpos Monoclonales de Origen Murino/uso terapéutico , Inmunosupresores/uso terapéutico , Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico
12.
Hematol Rep ; 16(1): 11-21, 2023 Dec 28.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38247992

RESUMEN

Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease is a rare disorder with an annual incidence of 0.5% to 3.7%. Development of this disorder carries with it a poor prognosis. In this report, we describe a rare case of post-transplant primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (PT-CTCL) mycosis fungoides stage IIB in a patient following kidney transplantation, as well as a review of PT-CTCL reported in the literature. The treatment following diagnosis included bexarotene, cyclosporine, and prednisone. Currently, the patient is free from disease. This information aims to add to the knowledge of the prevalence and management of PT-CTCL.

13.
Cancers (Basel) ; 14(17)2022 Sep 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36077864

RESUMEN

Accurate demographic data are critical for comprehending and treating cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). Our research aimed to determine the demographics and incidence trends of CTCL patients in Arkansas compared to those of the national CTCL population to recognize the underlying disparities. We collected data from 143 CTCL patients at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS) and national CTCL patient data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Our analysis revealed that males are affected more than females across all ages and races. CTCL incidence and mortality data show that CTCL has a steady increase at the national level and in Arkansas while disproportionately affecting the young black male population. In Arkansas, more than one-third of black patients presented at an advanced stage (IIB+) compared to one-fifth in the white population, and the mean age of death was more than a decade younger for black (60 years) than for white patients (74.6 years). Nationally, black male patients had the greatest mortality rate (0.5) compared to 0.32 for white males. CTCL is 2.23 and 2.38 times more prevalent in urban versus rural areas in Arkansas and nationally, respectively. Most Arkansas patients reside near major interstates and chemical-emitting sites. In conclusion, our demographic analysis of Arkansas and national CTCL patients verifies recent trends toward more aggressive presentations in young black male patients, and our geographic findings suggest possible environmental risk factors.

14.
JAMA Dermatol ; 158(9): 1031-1039, 2022 09 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35857290

RESUMEN

Importance: Given that mycosis fungoides-cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (MF/CTCL) is chronic, there is a need for additional therapies with minimal short- and long-term adverse effects. Topical synthetic hypericin ointment, 0.25%, activated with visible light is a novel, nonmutagenic photodynamic therapy (PDT). Objectives: To determine the efficacy and safety of topical synthetic hypericin ointment, 0.25%, activated with visible light as a nonmutagenic PDT in early-stage MF/CTCL. Design, Settings, and Participants: This was a multicenter, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, phase 3 randomized clinical trial (FLASH study) conducted from December 2015 to November 2020 at 39 academic and community-based US medical centers. Participants were adults (≥18 years) with early-stage (IA-IIA) MF/CTCL. Interventions: In cycle 1, patients were randomized 2:1 to receive hypericin or placebo to 3 index lesions twice weekly for 6 weeks. In cycle 2, all patients received the active drug for 6 weeks to index lesions. In cycle 3 (optional), both index and additional lesions received active drug for 6 weeks. Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary end point was index lesion response rate (ILRR), defined as 50% or greater improvement in modified Composite Assessment of Index Lesion Severity (mCAILS) score from baseline after 6 weeks of therapy for cycle 1. For cycles 2 and 3, open label response rates were secondary end points. Adverse events (AEs) were assessed at each treatment visit, after each cycle, and then monthly for 6 months. Data analyses were performed on December 21, 2020. Results: The study population comprised 169 patients (mean [SD] age, 58.4 [16.0] years; 96 [57.8%] men; 120 [72.3%] White individuals) with early-stage MF/CTCL. After 6 weeks of treatment, hypericin PDT was more effective than placebo (cycle 1 ILRR, 16% vs 4%; P = .04). The ILRR increased to 40% in patients who received 2 cycles of hypericin PDT (P < .001 vs cycle 1 hypericin) and to 49% after 3 cycles (P < .001 vs cycle 1 hypericin). Significant clinical responses were observed in both patch and plaque type lesions and were similar regardless of age, sex, race, stage IA vs IB, time since diagnosis, and number of prior therapies. The most common treatment-related AEs were mild local skin (13.5%-17.3% across cycles 1-3 vs 10.5% for placebo in cycle 1) and application-site reactions (3.2%-6.9% across cycles 1-3 vs 4% for placebo in cycle 1). No drug-related serious AEs occurred. Conclusion and Relevance: The findings of this randomized clinical trial indicate that synthetic hypericin PDT is effective in early-stage patch and plaque MF/CTCL and has a favorable safety profile. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02448381.


Asunto(s)
Linfoma Cutáneo de Células T , Micosis Fungoide , Fotoquimioterapia , Neoplasias Cutáneas , Adulto , Antracenos , Femenino , Humanos , Linfoma Cutáneo de Células T/tratamiento farmacológico , Linfoma Cutáneo de Células T/patología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Micosis Fungoide/patología , Pomadas/uso terapéutico , Perileno/análogos & derivados , Fotoquimioterapia/efectos adversos , Fármacos Fotosensibilizantes/efectos adversos , Neoplasias Cutáneas/patología , Resultado del Tratamiento
15.
Br J Haematol ; 155(2): 150-66, 2011 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21883142

RESUMEN

Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL) are a heterogeneous group of malignancies derived from skin-homing T cells. The most common forms of CTCL are Mycosis Fungoides (MF) and Sezary Syndrome (SS). Accurate diagnosis remains a challenge due to the heterogeneity of presentation and the lack of highly characteristic immunophenotypical and genetic markers. Over the past decade molecular studies have improved our understanding of the biology of CTCL. The identification of gene expression differences between normal and malignant T-cells has led to promising new diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers that now need validation to be incorporated into clinical practice. These biomarkers may also provide insight into the mechanism of development of CTCL. Additionally, treatment options have expanded with the approval of new agents, such as histone deacetylase inhibitors. A better understanding of the cell biology, immunology and genetics underlying the development and progression of CTCL will allow the design of more rational treatment strategies for these malignancies. This review summarizes the clinical epidemiology, staging and natural history of MF and SS; discusses the immunopathogenesis of MF and the functional role of the malignant T-cells; and reviews the latest advances in MF and SS treatment.


Asunto(s)
Inmunoterapia/métodos , Micosis Fungoide/etiología , Micosis Fungoide/terapia , Síndrome de Sézary/etiología , Síndrome de Sézary/terapia , Neoplasias Cutáneas/etiología , Neoplasias Cutáneas/terapia , Animales , Anticuerpos Monoclonales/uso terapéutico , Antígenos de Neoplasias/análisis , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapéutico , Biomarcadores de Tumor/análisis , Diferenciación Celular , Transformación Celular Neoplásica , Aberraciones Cromosómicas , Ensayos Clínicos como Asunto/estadística & datos numéricos , Citocinas/metabolismo , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Genes Relacionados con las Neoplasias , Trasplante de Células Madre Hematopoyéticas , Inhibidores de Histona Desacetilasas/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Factores Inmunológicos/uso terapéutico , Vigilancia Inmunológica , Ratones , Estudios Multicéntricos como Asunto/estadística & datos numéricos , Micosis Fungoide/epidemiología , Micosis Fungoide/genética , Micosis Fungoide/inmunología , Síndrome de Sézary/epidemiología , Síndrome de Sézary/genética , Síndrome de Sézary/inmunología , Neoplasias Cutáneas/epidemiología , Neoplasias Cutáneas/genética , Neoplasias Cutáneas/inmunología , Subgrupos de Linfocitos T/metabolismo , Subgrupos de Linfocitos T/patología
16.
BMJ Case Rep ; 14(7)2021 Jul 21.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34290015

RESUMEN

Primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (PC-ALCL) is a rare non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that arises as a single, or multiple dome-shaped tumours on the skin. The histology is characterised by the presence of atypical lymphocytes with large irregularly shaped nuclei that express the surface marker CD30. There can be significant heterogeneity in clinical manifestation and histological pattern and in rare cases accurate diagnosis can be a challenge. Here, we present an unusual case presentation of cutaneous CD30+ anaplastic large cell lymphoma with significant granulomatous histology pattern that mimicked sarcoid. After a lack of durable response to treatments that included glucocorticoid and methotrexate, targeted treatment with anti-CD30 monoclonal antibody drug conjugate (brentuximab vedotin) yielded long-term clinical remission.


Asunto(s)
Inmunoconjugados , Linfoma Anaplásico de Células Grandes , Linfoma Anaplásico Cutáneo Primario de Células Grandes , Neoplasias Cutáneas , Brentuximab Vedotina , Humanos , Inmunoconjugados/uso terapéutico , Linfoma Anaplásico de Células Grandes/diagnóstico , Linfoma Anaplásico de Células Grandes/tratamiento farmacológico , Linfoma Anaplásico Cutáneo Primario de Células Grandes/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Cutáneas/tratamiento farmacológico
17.
J Vis Exp ; (176)2021 10 14.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34723945

RESUMEN

Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL) are derived from the transformation and uncontrolled proliferation of mature skin-homing T cells, and mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sézary syndrome (SS) represent the most common subtypes. Despite a number of studies on characterizing gene expression, genetic alterations, and epigenetic abnormalities of CTCL, the molecular pathogenesis of MF/SS remains unclear. MF refers to the more common CTCL with a skin-predominance, and is usually limited to skin, whereas SS is an aggressive leukemic variant of CTCL with widespread skin involvement and is characterized by neoplastic distribution mainly involving blood, skin, and lymph node. Focusing on clinical practice, the identification of gene expression biomarkers has enormous potential to improve diagnosis and treatment of MF/SS. Indeed, recent transcriptomic studies have identified potential diagnostic biomarkers from differences in gene expression between normal and malignant T cells, which may improve our understanding of SS biology, and reveal potential therapeutic targets. This manuscript describes a detailed reproducible protocol for the isolation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from fresh whole blood from patients diagnosed with SS, selection of CD4+ memory T cells (CD4+CD45RO+ T cells), chemical stimulation, and preparation of RNA suitable for transcriptomic profiling to discover novel prognostic molecular markers to gain additional insight in disease etiology. The stimulation using chemical agonist to activate nuclear regulation provides more specific assessment for pathways important in the dynamic transcription regulation and gene expression and eliminates confounding defects that may arise from upstream signaling defects arising from TCR antigen loss at the cell membrane. The data obtained from comparison of transcriptome of unstimulated to stimulated SS T cells unmasks functional regulatory gene expression defects not evident from analysis of quiescent unstimulated cells. Furthermore, the method outlined from this approach can be adapted for studying T cell gene expression defects in other T cell immune diseases.


Asunto(s)
Síndrome de Sézary , Neoplasias Cutáneas , Linfocitos T CD4-Positivos , Humanos , Leucocitos Mononucleares/patología , Síndrome de Sézary/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Sézary/genética , Neoplasias Cutáneas/patología , Transcriptoma
19.
Cells ; 9(9)2020 08 29.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32872487

RESUMEN

Sézary syndrome (SS), an aggressive cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) with poor prognosis, is characterized by the clinical hallmarks of circulating malignant T cells, erythroderma and lymphadenopathy. However, highly variable clinical skin manifestations and similarities with benign mimickers can lead to significant diagnostic delay and inappropriate therapy that can lead to disease progression and mortality. SS has been the focus of numerous transcriptomic-profiling studies to identify sensitive and specific diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Benign inflammatory disease controls (e.g., psoriasis, atopic dermatitis) have served to identify chronic inflammatory phenotypes in gene expression profiles, but provide limited insight into the lymphoproliferative and oncogenic roles of abnormal gene expression in SS. This perspective was recently clarified by a transcriptome meta-analysis comparing SS and lymphocytic-variant hypereosinophilic syndrome, a benign yet often clonal T-cell lymphoproliferation, with clinical features similar to SS. Here we review the rationale for selecting lymphocytic-variant hypereosinophilic syndrome (L-HES) as a disease control for SS, and discuss differentially expressed genes that may distinguish benign from malignant lymphoproliferative phenotypes, including additional context from prior gene expression studies to improve understanding of genes important in SS.


Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores/química , Expresión Génica/genética , Síndrome Hipereosinofílico/genética , Síndrome de Sézary/genética , Humanos
SELECCIÓN DE REFERENCIAS
DETALLE DE LA BÚSQUEDA