[Analysis of the incidence of pneumoconiosis in Hunan province].

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of pneumoconiosis in Hunan Province. Methods: In November 2018, we collected the type of work, pneumoconiosis type, pneumoconiosis stage, length of service, age of onset and complications of pneumoconiosis cases diagnosed by Hunan occupational disease prevention and control hospital from January 2017 to October 2018. A total of 3 325 cases of pneumoconiosis were collected, including 651 cases (19.58%) of occupational pneumoconiosis and 2674 cases (80.42%) of clinically diagnosed pneumoconiosis. The measurement data were expressed by x±s. The comparison between groups was performed by independent sample t test and one-way ANOVA. Results: The age of 651 patients with occupational pneumoconiosis was 35.59-85.15 years old, the average age of onset was (54.27±8.29) years, and the average exposure to dust was (14.74±8.60) years. 2 674 cases of clinically diagnosed pneumoconiosis were 26.85~87.02 years old. The average age of onset was (55.26±7.38) years, and the average exposure time was (18.83±9.35) years. Compared with silicosis patients, coal workers' pneumoconiosis patients had longer exposure time, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05) , and the difference was statistically significant (F=3.678, P<0.05) . There were no complications in 651 cases of occupational pneumoconiosis. Among 2 674 cases of clinically diagnosed pneumoconiosis, 710 cases (26.55%) had complications. Conclusion: Further attention should be paid to the clinical diagnosis of pneumoconiosis in Hunan Province.

[Analysis of the efficacy and safety of bone disease treatment in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma treated with denosumab or zoledronic acid].

Objective: This study investigated the efficacy and safety of denosumab (DENOS) versus zoledronic acid (ZOL) in the bone disease treatment of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Methods: The clinical data of 80 patients with myeloma bone disease (MBD) at the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital between March 1, 2021 and June 30, 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. Eighteen patients with severe renal impairment (SRI, endogenous creatinine clearance rate<30 ml/min) were treated with DENOS, and 62 non-SRI patients were divided into DENOS (30 patients) and ZOL group (32 patients) . Results: Hypocalcemia was observed in 26 (33%) patients, and 22 patients developed hypocalcemia during the first treatment course. The incidence of hypocalcemia in the non-SRI patients of DENOS group was higher than that in the ZOL group [20% (6/30) vs 13% (4/32), P=0.028]. The incidence of hypocalcemia in SRI was 89% (16/18). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that endogenous creatinine clearance rate<30 ml/min was significantly associated with hypocalcemia after DENOS administration (P<0.001). After 1 month of antiresorptive (AR) drug application, the decrease in the serum ß-C-terminal cross-linked carboxy-telopeptide of collagen type I concentrations of SRI and non-SRI patients in the DENOS group were significantly higher than that in the ZOL group (68% vs 59% vs 27%, P<0.001). The increase in serum procollagen type Ⅰ N-terminal propeptide concentrations of patients with or without SRI in the DENOS group were significantly higher than that in the ZOL group (34% vs 20% vs 11%, P<0.05). The level of intact parathyroid hormone in each group increased after AR drug treatment. None of the patients developed osteonecrosis of the jaw and renal adverse events, and no statistically significant differences in the overall response rate, complete remission and stringent complete remission rates were found among the groups (P>0.05), and the median PFS and OS time were not reached (P>0.05) . Conclusions: In the treatment of MBD, DENOS minimizes nephrotoxicity and has strong AR effect. Hypocalcemia is a common adverse event but is usually mild or moderate and manageable.

[Clinical features and prognostic factors of elderly patients with mantle cell lymphoma].

Objective: To examine the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of elderly patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) and the impact of nutrition and underlying diseases on the prognosis of elderly patients with MCL. Methods: retrospectively analyzed 255 elderly patients with MCL from 11 medical centers, including Peking University Third Hospital between January 2000 and February 2021. We analyzed clinical data, such as age, gender, Mantle Cell Lymphoma International Prognostic Index score, and treatment options, and performed univariate and multivariate prognostic analysis. We performed a comprehensive geriatric assessment on elderly MCL patients with medical records that included retraceable underlying disease and albumin levels, and we investigated the impact of basic nutrition and underlying disorders on MCL prognosis in the elderly. Results: There were 255 senior individuals among the 795 MCL patients. Elderly MCL was more common in males (78.4%), with a median age of 69 yr (ages 65-88), and the majority (88.6%) were identified at a late stage. The 3-yr overall survival (OS) rate was 42.0%, with a 21.2% progression-free survival (PFS) rate. The overall response rate (ORR) was 77.3%, with a 33.3% total remission rate. Elderly patients were more likely than younger patients to have persistent underlying illnesses, such as hypertension. Multivariate analysis revealed that variables related with poor PFS included age of ≥80 (P=0.021), Ann Arbor stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ (P=0.003), high LDH level (P=0.003), involvement of bone marrow (P=0.014). Age of ≥80 (P=0.001) and a high LDH level (P=0.003) were risk factors for OS. The complete geriatric assessment revealed that renal deficiency was associated with poorer OS (P=0.047) . Conclusions: Elderly MCL patients had greater comorbidities. Age, LDH, renal function, bone marrow involvement, and Ann Arbor stage are all independent risk factors for MCL in the elderly.

[Daratumumab maintenance after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma].

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of daratumumab as a maintenance treatment after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT) in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) . Methods: The clinical data, hematological and renal response, and safety of 15 post-transplant patients with NDMM who had received daratumumab maintenance between May 1, 2022 and June 30, 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Fifteen patients (11 males and 4 females) with a median age of 58 (41-72) years were included. Thirteen patients did not receive daratumumab during induction therapy and auto-HSCT, 6 patients had renal impairment, and nine patients had high-risk cytogenetics. The median infusion of daratumumab was 12 (6-17) times, and the median duration of maintenance was 6 (1.5-12) months. The treatment efficacy was evaluated in all 15 patients, and daratumumab maintenance therapy increased the rate of stringent complete response from 40% to 60%. The renal response rate and median estimated glomerular filtration rate of six patients with RI-NDMM were also improved. During daratumumab maintenance therapy, the most common hematological grade 3 adverse event (AE) was lymphopenia [4 of 15 patients (26.67%) ], whereas the most common nonhematologic AEs were infusion-related reactions [7 of 15 patients (46.67%) ] and grade 3 pneumonia [5 of 15 patients (33.33%) ]. The five patients with pneumonia were daratumumab naive [5 of 13 patients (38.46%) ], with a median of 8 (6-10) infusions. Among them, the chest computed tomography of three patients showed interstitial infiltrates, and treatment with methylprednisolone was effective. With a median follow-up of 12 months, the 1-year overall survival rate was 93.33%, and only one patient died (which was not related to daratumumab treatment) . Conclusions: Daratumumab was safe and effective as a maintenance agent for post-auto-HSCT patients with NDMM, and AEs were controllable. The most common nonhematologic AE was grade 3 pneumonia, and a less dose-intense maintenance regimen for the first 8 weeks could reduce the incidence of pneumonia.

Effect of rituximab combined with chemotherapy on the expression of serum exosome miR-451a in patients with diffuse large b-cell lymphoma.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of rituximab combined with chemotherapy on the expression of serum exosome micro ribonucleic acid 451a (miR-451a) in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and to explore the possible underlying mechanism. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 89 DLBCL patients (DLBCL group) receiving rituximab combined with chemotherapy were enrolled in this study. Meanwhile, 48 healthy controls (control group) were enrolled as well. Serum samples were collected from all patients before and after treatment, respectively. At the same time, blood samples of healthy people were collected, and serum exosome was extracted. Real-Time fluorescence-quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) was applied to measure the expression level of serum exosome miR-451a. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of miR-451a. Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) 22.0 was employed for statistical analysis. Two-sided 95% confidence interval (CI) was used for all tests, and p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: The expression level of miR-451a in the DLBCL group was significantly lower than that of the control group. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for the diagnostic efficacy of serum exosome miR-451a for DCBCL was 0.7147. After treatment, the level of serum exosome miR-451a in patients was significantly increased, whereas was still lower than the normal level. The AUC of ROC for evaluating the effect of serum exosome miR-451a in DCBCL was 0.8038. CONCLUSIONS: Serum exosome miR-451a has moderate diagnostic efficiency for DLBCL. Moreover, miR-451a can act as an indicator for evaluating the efficacy of rituximab combined with chemotherapy in the DLBCL treatment.