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1.
World J Pediatr ; 20(1): 11-25, 2024 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38064012

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading global cause of respiratory infections and is responsible for about 3 million hospitalizations and more than 100,000 deaths annually in children younger than 5 years, representing a major global healthcare burden. There is a great unmet need for new agents and universal strategies to prevent RSV infections in early life. A multidisciplinary consensus development group comprising experts in epidemiology, infectious diseases, respiratory medicine, and methodology aims to develop the current consensus to address clinical issues of RSV infections in children. DATA SOURCES: The evidence searches and reviews were conducted using electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, using variations in terms for "respiratory syncytial virus", "RSV", "lower respiratory tract infection", "bronchiolitis", "acute", "viral pneumonia", "neonatal", "infant" "children", and "pediatric". RESULTS: Evidence-based recommendations regarding diagnosis, treatment, and prevention were proposed with a high degree of consensus. Although supportive care remains the cornerstone for the management of RSV infections, new monoclonal antibodies, vaccines, drug therapies, and viral surveillance techniques are being rolled out. CONCLUSIONS: This consensus, based on international and national scientific evidence, reinforces the current recommendations and integrates the recent advances for optimal care and prevention of RSV infections. Further improvements in the management of RSV infections will require generating the highest quality of evidence through rigorously designed studies that possess little bias and sufficient capacity to identify clinically meaningful end points.


Asunto(s)
Bronquiolitis , Infecciones por Virus Sincitial Respiratorio , Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio , Niño , Humanos , Infecciones por Virus Sincitial Respiratorio/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Virus Sincitial Respiratorio/prevención & control , Consenso , Virus Sincitiales Respiratorios , Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio/epidemiología , Hospitalización
2.
World J Pediatr ; 19(9): 851-863, 2023 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36795317

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Bronchiolitis is a common acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRTI) and the most frequent cause of hospitalization of infants and young children with ALRTI. Respiratory syncytial virus is the main pathogen that leads to severe bronchiolitis. The disease burden is relatively high. To date, few descriptions of the clinical epidemiology and disease burden of children hospitalized for bronchiolitis are available. This study reports the general clinical epidemiological characteristics and disease burden of bronchiolitis in hospitalized children in China. METHODS: This study included the face sheet of discharge medical records collected from 27 tertiary children's hospitals from January 2016 to December 2020 that were aggregated into the FUTang Update medical REcords (FUTURE) database. The sociodemographic variables, length of stay (LOS) and disease burden of children with bronchiolitis were analyzed and compared using appropriate statistical tests. RESULTS: In total, 42,928 children aged 0-3 years were hospitalized due to bronchiolitis from January 2016 to December 2020, accounting for 1.5% of the total number of hospitalized children of the same age in the database during the period and 5.31% of the hospitalizations for ALRTI. The male to female ratio was 2.01:1. Meanwhile, more boys than girls were observed in different regions, age groups, years, and residences. The 1-2 year age group had the greatest number of hospitalizations for bronchiolitis, while the 29 days-6 months group had the largest proportion of the total inpatients and inpatients with ALRTI in the same age group. In terms of region, the hospitalization rate of bronchiolitis was the highest in East China. Overall, the number of hospitalizations from 2017 to 2020 showed a decreasing trend from that in 2016. Seasonally, the peak hospitalizations for bronchiolitis occurred in winter. Hospitalization rates in North China in autumn and winter were higher than those in South China, while hospitalization rates in South China were higher in spring and summer. Approximately, half of the patients with bronchiolitis had no complications. Among the complications, myocardial injury, abnormal liver function and diarrhea were more common. The median LOS was 6 days [interquartile range (IQR) = 5-8], and the median hospitalization cost was 758 United States dollars (IQR = 601.96-1029.53). CONCLUSIONS: Bronchiolitis is a common respiratory disease in infants and young children in China, and it accounts for a higher proportion of both total hospitalizations and hospitalizations due to ALRTI in children. Among them, children aged 29 days-2 years are the main hospitalized population, and the hospitalization rate of boys is significantly higher than that of girls. The peak season for bronchiolitis is winter. Bronchiolitis causes few complications and has a low mortality rate, but the burden of this disease is heavy.


Asunto(s)
Bronquiolitis , Infecciones por Virus Sincitial Respiratorio , Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio , Niño , Lactante , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Preescolar , Estudios Transversales , Infecciones por Virus Sincitial Respiratorio/epidemiología , Infecciones por Virus Sincitial Respiratorio/terapia , Niño Hospitalizado , Bronquiolitis/epidemiología , Bronquiolitis/terapia , Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio/epidemiología , Hospitalización , China/epidemiología , Costo de Enfermedad
3.
World J Pediatr ; 19(3): 231-242, 2023 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36409451

RESUMEN

Monkeypox is a zoonotic disease. Since the first human monkeypox case was detected in 1970, it has been prevalent in some countries in central and western Africa. Since May 2022, monkeypox cases have been reported in more than 96 non-endemic countries and regions worldwide. As of September 14, 2022, there have been more than 58,200 human monkeypox cases, and there is community transmission. The cessation of smallpox vaccination in 1980, which had some cross-protection with monkeypox, resulted in a general lack of immunity to monkeypox, which caused global concern and vigilance. As of September 14, 2022, there are four monkeypox cases in China, including three in Taiwan province and one in Hong Kong city. Previous foreign studies have shown that children are vulnerable to monkeypox and are also at high risk for severe disease or complications. In order to improve pediatricians' understanding of monkeypox and achieve early detection, early diagnosis, early treatment,  and early disposal, we have organized national authoritative experts in pediatric infection, respiratory, dermatology, critical care medicine, infectious diseases, and public health and others to formulate this expert consensus, on the basis of the latest "Clinical management and infection prevention and control for monkeypox" released by The World Health Organization, the "guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of monkeypox (version 2022)" issued by National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China and other relevant documents. During the development of this consensus, multidisciplinary experts have repeatedly demonstrated the etiology, epidemiology, transmission, clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment, discharge criteria, prevention, disposal process, and key points of prevention and control of suspected and confirmed cases.


Asunto(s)
Mpox , Humanos , Niño , Mpox/diagnóstico , Mpox/epidemiología , Mpox/prevención & control , Salud Pública , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Vacunación , China/epidemiología
4.
World J Pediatr ; 18(11): 734-745, 2022 11.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35737181

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: We explored the differences in baseline characteristics, pathogens, complications, outcomes, and risk factors between children with hospital-acquired septic shock (HASS) and community-acquired septic shock (CASS) in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). METHODS: This retrospective study enrolled children with septic shock at the PICU of Beijing Children's Hospital from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2019. The patients were followed up until 28 days after shock or death and were divided into the HASS and CASS group. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors for mortality. RESULTS: A total of 298 children were enrolled. Among them, 65.9% (n = 91) of HASS patients had hematologic/oncologic diseases, mainly with Gram-negative bacterial bloodstream infections (47.3%). Additionally, 67.7% (n = 207) of CASS patients had no obvious underlying disease, and most experienced Gram-positive bacterial infections (30.9%) of the respiratory or central nervous system. The 28-day mortality was 62.6% and 32.7% in the HASS and CASS groups, respectively (P < 0.001). Platelet [odds ratio (OR) = 0.996, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.992-1.000, P = 0.028], positive pathogen detection (OR = 3.557, 95% CI = 1.307-9.684, P = 0.013), and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (OR = 10.953, 95% CI = 1.974-60.775, P = 0.006) were risk factors for 28-day mortality in HASS patients. Lactate (OR = 1.104, 95% CI = 1.022-1.192, P = 0.012) and mechanical ventilation (OR = 8.114, 95% CI = 1.806-36.465, P = 0.006) were risk factors for 28-day mortality in patients with CASS. CONCLUSIONS: The underlying diseases, pathogens, complications, prognosis, and mortality rates varied widely between the HASS and CASS groups. The predictors of 28-day mortality were different between HASS and CASS pediatric patients with septic shock.


Asunto(s)
Choque Séptico , Niño , Hospitales , Humanos , Ácido Láctico , Ácido Penicilánico/análogos & derivados , Pronóstico , Estudios Retrospectivos , Choque Séptico/diagnóstico , Choque Séptico/terapia
5.
World J Pediatr ; 16(3): 232-239, 2020 06.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32333248

RESUMEN

In the early February, 2020, we called up an experts' committee with more than 30 Chinese experts from 11 national medical academic organizations to formulate the first edition of consensus statement on diagnosis, treatment and prevention of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children, which has been published in this journal. With accumulated experiences in the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 in children, we have updated the consensus statement and released the second edition recently. The current version in English is a condensed version of the second edition of consensus statement on diagnosis, treatment and prevention of COVID-19 in children. In the current version, diagnosis and treatement criteria have been optimized, and early identification of severe and critical cases is highlighted. The early warning indicators for severe pediatric cases have been summarized which is utmost important for clinical practice. This version of experts consensus will be valuable for better prevention, diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 in children worldwide.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Coronavirus , Coronavirus , Pandemias , Neumonía Viral/epidemiología , Betacoronavirus , COVID-19 , Niño , Consenso , Humanos , SARS-CoV-2
6.
Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi ; 11(11): 897-900, 2009 Nov.
Artículo en Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20113656

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To determine the plasma level of Epstein Barr virus (EBV) DNA in children with EBV associated diseases, and to investigate the dynamic changes of EBV DNA level after initial infection as well as the relationship between EBV DNA level and the diseases severity. METHODS: The subjects consisted of 73 children with primary EBV infection (infectious mononucleosis, pneumonia,etc.) and 18 children with severe EBV-associated diseases (chronic active EBV infection, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, etc.). The plasma EBV DNA level was detected by a real-time PCR assay. RESULTS: The plasma EBV DNA level decreased with the infection time in children with primary EBV infection. Two weeks after infection, plasma EBV DNA was almost undetectable. The positive rate of plasma EBV DNA in children with severe EBV associated diseases increased significantly when compared with that in children with primary EBV infection (89% vs 16%; p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The level of EBV replication may be reduced with the infection time. Dynamic determination of blood EBV DNA is useful for the evaluation of disease severity in children with EBV infection.


Asunto(s)
ADN Viral/sangre , Infecciones por Virus de Epstein-Barr/virología , Humanos , Mononucleosis Infecciosa/virología , Linfohistiocitosis Hemofagocítica/virología , Replicación Viral
9.
Chin Med J (Engl) ; 121(17): 1607-10, 2008 Sep 05.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19024084

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Human bocavirus (HBoV) is a parvovirus recently found to possibly cause respiratory tract disease in children and adults. This study investigated HBoV infection and its clinical characteristics in children younger than five years of age suffering from acute lower respiratory tract infection in Beijing Children's Hospital. METHODS: Nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected from children suffering from acute lower respiratory tract infection during the winters of 2004 to 2006 (from November through the following February). HBoV was detected by polymerase chain reaction amplification and virus isolation and the amplification products were sequenced for identification. RESULTS: HBoV infection was detected in 16 of 333 study subjects. Coinfections with respiratory syncytial virus were detected in 3 of 16 HBoV positive patients with acute lower respiratory tract infection. The median age for HBoV positive children was 8 months (mean age, 17 months; range, 3 to 57 months). Among the HBoV positive children, 14 were younger than 3 years old, 9 were younger than 1 year old and 7 were younger than 6 months. These 16 positive HBoV children exhibited coughing and abnormal chest radiography findings and more than 60% of these children had wheezing and fever. Ten children were clinically diagnosed with pneumonia, 2 bronchiolitis, 2 acute bronchitis and 2 asthma. One child died. CONCLUSIONS: HBoV was detected in about 5% of children with acute lower respiratory infection seen in Beijing Children's Hospital. Further investigations regarding clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of HBoV infection are needed.


Asunto(s)
Bocavirus/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Parvoviridae/diagnóstico , Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio/diagnóstico , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Infecciones por Parvoviridae/etiología , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio/etiología
10.
Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi ; 30(5): 365-7, 2008 May.
Artículo en Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18953837

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the correlation of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection and childhood lymphoma. METHODS: Paraffin-embedded specimens of lymphoma collected between 1996 and 2005, including 36 Hodgkin lymphomas (HL) and 51 non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL), were included in this study. Paraffin-embedded specimens of reactive hyperplasia of lymph nodes (RL) collected during the same period were used as controls. Immunohistochemical (IHC) assay was used to detect EBV-LMP1 and in situ hybridization (ISH) to detect EBV-EBERs. RESULTS: EBV was detected in 72.2% (26/36) of the Hodgkin lymphomas, 15.7% (8/51) of the non-Hodgkin lymphomas and 33.3% (15/45) of the reactive hyperplasia of lymph nodes. There was a significant difference among Hodgkin lymphoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma and RL (P = 0. 000). CONCLUSION: Childhood Hodgkin lymphoma is closely correlated with Epstein-Barr virus infection. However, the low rate of EBV infection detected in childhood non-Hodgkin lymphoma might be due to heterogeneous distribution of pathological types in this study.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Virus de Epstein-Barr , Herpesvirus Humano 4/aislamiento & purificación , Enfermedad de Hodgkin/virología , Linfoma no Hodgkin/virología , Proteínas de la Matriz Viral/metabolismo , Niño , Preescolar , Infecciones por Virus de Epstein-Barr/complicaciones , Infecciones por Virus de Epstein-Barr/metabolismo , Femenino , Enfermedad de Hodgkin/complicaciones , Enfermedad de Hodgkin/metabolismo , Humanos , Linfoma no Hodgkin/complicaciones , Linfoma no Hodgkin/metabolismo , Masculino , Seudolinfoma/complicaciones , Seudolinfoma/metabolismo , Seudolinfoma/virología , ARN Viral/metabolismo
11.
Antiviral Res ; 71(1): 31-41, 2006 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16687180

RESUMEN

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), which presents the primary cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia among infants and causes significant morbidity and mortality in immunodeficient patients, remains a health problem worldwide. Unfortunately, an effective vaccine is currently unavailable and pharmacologic treatment needs further optimization for RSV disease. Because RSV is a non-segmented negative-strand RNA virus, it may be sensitive to the genome RNA cleaving by DNAzyme, an artificial nucleic acids molecule with high catalytic capability of cleaving complementary RNA molecules. Thus, RSV-targeted DNAzymes potentially present as a therapeutic candidate of RSV diseases. In this study, DNAzymes targeting the RSV genomic RNA or mRNA were designed and synthesized, one of which (DZn1133) did cleave RSV RNA in vitro, inhibit the transcription and expression of F viral gene, reduce the RSV yield by about 7 logs and protect more than 90% RSV-infected Hep-2 cells from a cytopathic effect at 8 microM. Moreover, 10 wild RSV strains isolated from clinic patients including both subgroups A and B were all suppressed by DZn1133 with greater anti-RSV activity than antisense DNA or ribavirin.


Asunto(s)
ADN Catalítico/síntesis química , ADN Catalítico/farmacología , Proteínas de la Nucleocápside/genética , Infecciones por Virus Sincitial Respiratorio/tratamiento farmacológico , Virus Sincitial Respiratorio Humano/fisiología , Secuencia de Bases , Línea Celular Tumoral , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Efecto Citopatogénico Viral/efectos de los fármacos , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática , Formazáns/química , Humanos , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , ARN Mensajero/metabolismo , ARN Viral/metabolismo , Virus Sincitial Respiratorio Humano/genética , Sales de Tetrazolio/química , Transcripción Genética/efectos de los fármacos , Proteínas de la Matriz Viral/genética , Replicación Viral/efectos de los fármacos
12.
Genome Announc ; 4(5)2016 Oct 27.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27789638

RESUMEN

Echovirus 18 is a member of the genus Enterovirus, family Picornaviridae, which can cause meningitis in children. Here, we report the echovirus 18 complete genome sequence, which was isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid of a child with aseptic meningitis in Hebei Province, China.

15.
Bing Du Xue Bao ; 30(1): 6-12, 2014 Jan.
Artículo en Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24772891

RESUMEN

This study aims to investigate the genetic characteristics of BZLF1 gene and its promoter Zp of the epidemic strains in children with primary Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated diseases. Total DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood of 134 children with EBV-associated infectious mononucleosis (EBV-IM) and 32 children with EBV-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (EBV-HLH) who were admitted to Beijing Children's Hospital from 2006 to 2011. The EBNA3C, BZLF1, and Zp genes were amplified by PCR assay. Typing of EBV was performed according to the size of the amplification product of EBNA3C gene; the amplification products of BZLF1 and Zp genes were subjected to direct sequencing, and sequence analysis was performed using BioEdit 7. 0. 9. The results were as follows: (1) EBV-1 was present in 140 samples (97.2%, 140/144) and EBV-II in 4 samples (2.8%, 4/144). (2) Three BZLF1 genotypes and their 12 subtypes (including 6 newly found subtypes) were detected in this study; there were no significant differences in the frequencies of BZLF1-A and BZLF1-B between the children with EBV-IM and EBV-HLH (P = 0.083); BZLF1-A1 was the dominant genotype in children with EBV-associated diseases; t BZLF1-A mostly had three 29-bp repeats in the first intron of BZLF1 gene, and BZLF1-B mostly had 30-bp repeats (P = 0.000), with the number of repeats varying from 1 to 13. (3) Four Zp genotypes were detected in this study, including Zp-P, Zp-V3, Zp-V4, and Zp-V1; there were no significant differences in the frequencies of these Zp genotypes between children with EBV-IM and EBV-HLH (P = 0.272, 0.252, 1.0, and 1.0, respectively). (4) The linkage analysis of BZLF1 gene and its promoter Zp showed that BZLF1-A1 was highly associated with Zp-V3 (P = 0.000), while BZLF1-B4 with Zp-P (P = 0.000); EBV-I + BZLF1 A1 was highly associated with Zp-V3 (P = 0.000), while EBV-I+BZLF1-B4 with Zp-P (P = 0.000). The conclusions are as follows: (1) BZLF1-A1 is the dominant genotype in children with EBV-associated diseases; there are mostly 29-bp repeats in the first intron of BZLF1 gene for BZLF1-A genotype and 30-bp repeats for BZLF1-B genotype. (2) Zp-P and Zp-V3 are dominant Zp genotypes of EBV in children, which shared similar detection rates. (3) BZLF1-A1 is highly associated with Zp-V3, while BZLF1-B4 with Zp-P; EBV-I+BZLF1-A1 is highly associated with Zp-V3, while EBV-I+BZLF1-B4 with Zp-P.


Asunto(s)
Herpesvirus Humano 4/genética , Herpesvirus Humano 4/fisiología , Regiones Promotoras Genéticas/genética , Transactivadores/genética , Niño , Preescolar , China/epidemiología , Infecciones por Virus de Epstein-Barr/epidemiología , Infecciones por Virus de Epstein-Barr/virología , Femenino , Genotipo , Humanos , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Intrones/genética , Masculino , Secuencias Repetitivas de Ácidos Nucleicos/genética
16.
Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi ; 51(4): 255-9, 2013 Apr.
Artículo en Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23927797

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: Acute respiratory tract infections (ARI) are the leading cause of pediatric morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly in developing countries. Viruses are the main pathogens of ARI in children. The purpose of the present study was to determine the epidemiologic features of respiratory viruses, including novel viruses, in outpatient and hospitalized children with ARI. METHOD: From March 2010 to February 2012, 2066 children with ARI, including 1050 outpatients and 1016 inpatients, were involved in this study. One nasopharyngeal aspirate or throat swab specimen was collected from each patient. Reverse transcription (RT) PCRs were performed to detect common respiratory tract viruses including respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human rhinovirus (HRV), influenza virus (IFV), parainfluenza virus (PIV) type 1-4, adenovirus (ADV), enterovirus (EV), human coronavirus (HCOV), human metapneumonia virus (HMPV) and human bocavirus (HBOV). RESULT: At least one viral pathogen was identified in each of 1274 out of 2066 patients and the overall positive rate was 61.7%. The positive rate in inpatient (69.7%) was higher than that in outpatient (53.9%). The frequencies of detection of various viruses among in- and outpatients were different. RSV was the most prevalent virus detected among hospitalized children, followed by HRV and PIV, whereas IFV was the most frequently identified virus in the outpatient group, followed by ADV and PIV. Simultaneous detection of two or more viruses was found in 377 cases. Coinfection was more frequent in inpatients than in outpatients (30.1% vs. 6.8%, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Respiratory viruses play an important role in children with ARI, especially in young children. RSV was the most prevalent virus detected among hospitalized children, whereas IFV was the most frequently identified virus in the outpatient group. Viral coinfections are frequently identified, particularly in hospitalized patients. Further studies are required to better understand the impact of coinfections in children with ARI.


Asunto(s)
Virus ADN/aislamiento & purificación , Nasofaringe/virología , Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio/epidemiología , Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio/virología , Enfermedad Aguda , Distribución por Edad , Niño , Niño Hospitalizado , Preescolar , China/epidemiología , Coinfección/epidemiología , Coinfección/virología , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Pacientes Ambulatorios , Virus de la Parainfluenza 1 Humana/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Parvoviridae/epidemiología , Infecciones por Virus Sincitial Respiratorio/epidemiología , Virus Sincitial Respiratorio Humano/aislamiento & purificación , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa , Rhinovirus/aislamiento & purificación , Estaciones del Año
17.
Artículo en Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23547457

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the characteristic of nuclear antigen 1 gene and latent membrane protein 1 gene of Epstein-Barr virus in primary EBV infection in children in Beijing area in 2005-2012. METHODS: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify the EBNA-3C, EBNA1 and LMP1 genes. The amplified products were sequenced directly and the sequences were analyzed by BioEdit 7. 0. 9 and MEGA 4. 0. 2. RESULTS: Type A EBV was detected in 98% samples. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the carboxy-terminal region of EBNA1 showed that Vvvl was deteted in 98% samples. DNA sequence analysis of LMP1 C-terminus indicated that China 1 was 90% in this study. There were no significant differences in the frequency of Vvv1 and China 1 between the IM and HLH samples (P = 1.00). Linkage analysis of EBV types, EBNA1 and LMP1 variants indicated that 90% of EBV type A was associated with EBNA1-Vvv1 variant and LMP1-China 1 variant in 40 cases. Full length of LMP1 gene was successfully amplified in 35 cases. Four Chinese groups (CG1-4) were identified. The percentage of CG1-CG4 were 85%, 6%, 6% and 3%, respectively. CONCLUSION: EBV type A is predominant in primary EBV infection in children in Beijing Area. EBNA1-Vvv1 and LMP1-China 1 variants were predominant genotypes in this area. There is a high linkage between EBNA1-Vvv1 variant and LMP1-China 1 variant. Four Chinese groups (CG1-4) were identified according to the full length of LMP1 gene and CG1 was the most prevalent.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Virus de Epstein-Barr/virología , Antígenos Nucleares del Virus de Epstein-Barr/genética , Herpesvirus Humano 4/genética , Proteínas de la Matriz Viral/genética , China , Ligamiento Genético , Herpesvirus Humano 4/clasificación , Humanos , Factores de Tiempo
18.
Artículo en Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23547466

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: Human parainfluenza virus (HPIV) types 1, 2 and 3 are major viral pathogens responsible for upper and lower respiratory tract infections. In this study, a real-time RT-PCR was developed using multiplex primers-probe (HPIV-1, 2, 3) for the simultaneous detection of both HPIV1, HPIV2 and HPIV3 genomes. METHODS: Optimal primers and probes were designed using specialized software. The conditions for multiplex real-time RT-PCR had been optimized. The synthesis of RNA standards of HPIV1, 2, 3 were used a T7 RNA polymerase. Check the specificity sensitivities and stability of one step RT-PCR assay. RESULTS: Obtained in a 10-fold dilution series assay demonstrate a high sensitivity of the assay with a lowest detection limit of 10 copies for HPIV1, 100 copies for HPIV2 and 100 copies for HPIV3. CONCLUSION: The assays demonstrates an improved sensitivity and scope of detecting HPIV1, 2, 3 viruses relative to routine antigen detection assays while the quantitative utility may facilitate investigation of the pre-diagnosis and respiratory virus pathogenesis.


Asunto(s)
Oligonucleótidos/genética , Virus de la Parainfluenza 1 Humana/aislamiento & purificación , Virus de la Parainfluenza 2 Humana/aislamiento & purificación , Virus de la Parainfluenza 3 Humana/aislamiento & purificación , Reacción en Cadena en Tiempo Real de la Polimerasa/métodos , Humanos
19.
World J Pediatr ; 7(1): 45-9, 2011 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21191775

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: infectious mononucleosis (IM) is a self-limited disease, but a few cases may have severe complications. This retrospective study was to explore the epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of IM associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection (EBV-IM) in children. METHODS: hospitalized patients with EBV-IM were enrolled during January 2005 to October 2008 in Beijing Children's Hospital Affi liated to Capital Medical University. All patients were divided into four groups: <1 year (group I), 1 to 3 years (group II), 3 to 6 years (group III), and ≥ 6 years (group IV). The epidemiology and clinical characteristics were compared among the four groups. RESULTS: totally 418 patients were enrolled, with 245 boys and 173 girls. Fever, lymphadenopathy and pharyngitis were three main manifestations of the patients. The incidences of hepatomegaly, splenomegaly and rash were higher in the patients aged below 6 years, and with age increment the incidences lowered. In contrast, the patients aged <1 year had the lowest incidence of tonsillopharyngitis. The total white blood cell count was higher in the infantile group than in the other groups (P=0.038). The infantile group had significantly lower levels of serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase than the older groups (P=0.007 and P=0.012 respectively). The percentage of CD4(+) T cell subset decreased and the percentage of CD8(+) T cell subset increased with age increment. CONCLUSIONS: the incidence of EBV-IM peaked in children at age of 4 to 6 years in Northern China. Most of the patients had the classic triad of fever, lymphadenopathy and pharyngitis. Clinical symptoms, signs, laboratory findings and complications of patients varied with ages.


Asunto(s)
Herpesvirus Humano 4/aislamiento & purificación , Mononucleosis Infecciosa/diagnóstico , Mononucleosis Infecciosa/virología , Alanina Transaminasa/sangre , Aspartato Aminotransferasas/sangre , Biomarcadores/sangre , Linfocitos T CD4-Positivos/virología , Linfocitos T CD8-positivos/virología , Niño , Preescolar , China/epidemiología , Infecciones por Virus de Epstein-Barr/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Virus de Epstein-Barr/virología , Exantema/virología , Femenino , Fiebre/virología , Hepatomegalia/virología , Humanos , Incidencia , Lactante , Mononucleosis Infecciosa/sangre , Mononucleosis Infecciosa/epidemiología , Enfermedades Linfáticas/virología , Masculino , Faringitis/virología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Esplenomegalia/virología
20.
Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi ; 49(10): 745-9, 2011 Oct.
Artículo en Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22321179

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: Viruses are common pathogens of acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRTI) in children. There are few studies on consecutive monitoring of viral pathogens of ALRTI in a larger cohort during the past several years. The aim of this study was to investigate the viral pathogens of ALRTI in children of different age groups and to outline the epidemic feature of different viruses. METHOD: (1) Totally 1914 (1281 male and 709 female) children with clinical diagnosis of ALRTI during the period of March 2007 to March 2010 were recruited into this study. These patients were hospitalized patients in department of internal medicine or outpatients in emergency department in Beijing Children's Hospital. The patients were divided into four groups, including 1072 patients < 1 year old, 326 patients 1- < 3 years old, 158 patients 3- < 6 years old, 358 patients ≥ 6 years old. One nasopharyngeal aspirate specimen was collected from each patient. Reverse transcription (RT) PCR methods were applied to detect common respiratory viruses including respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human rhinovirus (HRV), influenza virus type A, B and C (IFA, IFB, IFC), parainfluenza virus (PIV) type 1-4, adenovirus (ADV), enterovirus (EV), human coronavirus (HCOV), human metapneumovirus (HMPV) and human bocavirus (HBOV). RESULT: (1) The total positive rate of viruses was 70.3%. The positive rate was 83.0% (890/1072) in the group of < 1 year old, and 80.1% (261/326) in group of 1- < 3 years old, 60.8% (96/158) in group of 3- < 6 years old and 27.7% (99/358) in group of ≥ 6 years old, respectively. There was a significant difference in the positive rate among different age groups (χ² = 2213.5, P = 0.000). The top three viruses were RSV, HRV and PIV; and the positive rates were 50.9%, 36.2% and 12.0% respectively in group of < 1 year old. (2) The epidemic seasons of RSV and HRV were winter and spring, and PIV infection was epidemic in spring and summer. (3) The detection rates of 2 or more viruses were 38.2%, 36.4%, 30.2% and 15.2% in groups of < 1 year old, 1- < 3 years old, 3- < 6 years old and ≥ 6 years old, respectively. There was a significant difference in the mixed infection rate among different age groups (χ² = 1346.00, P = 0.000). CONCLUSION: RSV, HRV and PIV were the most predominant pathogens in younger children with ALRTI. Different viral infections had different seasonal features. Mixed infections with two or more viruses were detected in substantial proportion of patients with ALRTI, but further studies are needed to explore the clinical significance of mixed infection with viruses in patients with ALRTI.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Respiratorias/epidemiología , Enfermedades Respiratorias/virología , Enfermedad Aguda , Adolescente , Niño , Preescolar , China/epidemiología , Femenino , Bocavirus Humano/aislamiento & purificación , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Virus de la Parainfluenza 1 Humana/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Parvoviridae/epidemiología , Infecciones por Parvoviridae/virología , Infecciones por Virus Sincitial Respiratorio/epidemiología , Infecciones por Virus Sincitial Respiratorio/virología , Virus Sincitial Respiratorio Humano/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Respirovirus/epidemiología , Infecciones por Respirovirus/virología
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