Advanced drive laser system for a high-brightness continuous-wave photocathode electron gun.

In order to enhance the performance of a continuous-wave photocathode electron gun at Peking University, and to achieve electron beams with higher current and brightness, a multifunctional drive laser system named PULSE (Peking University drive Laser System for high-brightness Electron source) has been developed. This innovative system is capable of delivering an average output power of 120 W infrared laser pulse at 81.25 MHz, as well as approximately 13.8 W of green power with reliable stability. The utilization of two stages of photonic crystal fibers plays a crucial role in achieving this output. Additionally, the incorporation of two acousto-optic modulators enables the selection of macro-pulses with varying repetition frequencies and duty cycles, which is essential for effective electron beam diagnosis. Furthermore, the system employs a series of birefringent crystals for temporal pulse shaping, allowing for stacking Gaussian pulses into multiple types of distribution. Overall, the optical schematic and operating performance of PULSE are detailed in this paper.

Siglec15 promotes the migration of thyroid carcinoma cells by enhancing the EGFR protein stability.

PURPOSE: Sialic acid-bound immunoglobulin-like lectin 15 (Siglec15) has emerged as a novel therapeutic target in tumor immunotherapy. This study is designed to investigate the function and mechanism of Siglec15 in thyroid carcinoma (THCA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The information on patients with THCA from TGCA and GEO database were used to analyze the expression of Siglec15 in THCA. THCA cells were treated with Siglec15-mFc, a recombinant fusion protein consisting of the extracellular domain of human Siglec15 and murine IgG Fc. THP-1 cells expressing human Siglec15 and its mutant were co-cultured with THCA cells to mimic the contact between Siglec15-expressing tumor-associated macrophages and THCA cells. Wound-healing assay and transwell migration assay were used to examine the migration abilities of BCPAP and C643 cells. Pull-down assay was performed to examine the interaction between Siglec15 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) on the cancer cells. Cycloheximide (CHX) assay was used to evaluate the stability of the protein. RESULTS: The expression of Siglec15 in thyroid carcinoma tissues is higher than in normal tissues. Siglec15 promotes the migration of THCA cells by binding to EGFR in a sialic acid-dependent manner and increases EGFR protein expression. Inhibition of the EGFR pathway blocks the effect of Siglec15 on the migration of THCA cells. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings reveals that Siglec15 promotes the migration of thyroid carcinoma cells by enhancing the EGFR protein stability.

High power drive laser system for photocathode at IHEP.

The photocathode drive laser system in the Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP) has been upgraded. An all-fiber drive laser system has been developed using photonic crystal fibers and photonic crystal rods as the main gain medium. This system has been operated stably. The output infrared (IR) power reaches 116.2 W. The pulse width and maximum output power of the green laser generated by the second harmonic generation (SHG) are less than 2 ps and about 39.4 W, respectively. The SHG efficiency exceeds 60%. This paper introduces the development of the drive laser system and reports the measurement results of the performance test.

Vulnerability assessment of freeway network considering the probabilities and consequences from a perspective based on network cascade failure.

Freeway networks are vulnerable to natural disasters and man-made disruptions. The closure of one or more toll stations of the network often causes a sharp decrease in freeway performance. Therefore, measuring the probability and consequences of vulnerability to identify critical parts in the network is crucial for road emergency management. Most existing techniques only measure the consequences of node closure and rarely consider the probability of node closure owing to the lack of an extensive historical database; moreover, they ignore highways outside the study area, which can lead to errors in topological analysis and traffic distribution. Furthermore, the negative effects produced by the operation of freeway tunnels in vulnerability assessment have been neglected. In this study, a framework for freeway vulnerability assessment that considers both the probability and consequences of vulnerability is proposed, based on the perspective of network cascade failure analysis. The cascade failure analysis is conducted using an improved coupled map lattice model, developed by considering the negative effects of tunnels and optimizing the rules of local traffic redistribution. The perturbation threshold and propagation time step of network cascade failure are captured to reflect the probabilities and consequences of vulnerability. A nodal vulnerability index is established based on risk assessment, and a hierarchical clustering method is used to identify the vulnerability classification of critical nodes. The freeway network of Fuzhou in China is utilized to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Specifically, the toll stations in the study area are classified into five clusters of vulnerability: extremely high, high, medium, low, and extremely low. Approximately 31% of the toll stations were classified as the high or extremely high cluster, and three extremely vulnerable freeway sections requiring different precautions were identified. The proposed network vulnerability analysis method provides a new perspective to examine the vulnerability of freeway networks.

Data consistency method of heterogeneous power IOT based on hybrid model.

The data of the power Internet of Things (IOT) system is transferred from the IaaS layer to the SaaS layer. The general data preprocessing method mainly solves the problem of big data anomalies and missing at the PaaS layer, but it still lacks the ability to judge the high error data that meets the timing characteristics, making it difficult to deal with heterogeneous power inconsistent issues. This paper shows this phenomenon and its physical mechanism, showing the difficulty of building a quantitative model forward. A data-driven method is needed to form a hybrid model to correct the data. The research object is the electricity meter data on both sides of a commercial building transformer, which comes from different power IOT systems. The low-voltage side was revised based on the high-voltage side. Compared with the correction method based on purely using neural networks, the combined method, Linear Regression (LS) + Differential Evolution (DE) + Extreme Learning Machine (ELM), further reduces the deviation from approximately 4% to 1%.

CFD simulation study on wind load of perforated traffic sign board.

Traffic sign boards are often blown away by strong winds, seriously endangering the safety of vehicles and pedestrians. To increase their resistance to strong winds, sign boards are perforated. Using computational fluid dynamics simulations, the wind load resistance of traffic signs with holes was optimised. By comparing the solutions to different turbulence models with empirical results, it was found that the simulation results of the re-normalisation group (RNG) model have the smallest error. Therefore, the RNG model is used to simulate the wind load of traffic sign boards with different perforation diameters and different hole spacings under different wind speeds. By analysing the wind pressure distribution on the surface of the perforated traffic sign board, the perforation scheme for different regions of the sign board under different wind loads was obtained. The results show that reasonable perforation diameters and hole spacings can reduce the wind load and improve the wind load resistance of sign boards. This study provides decision-makers with useful information for installing traffic signs in areas affected with strong winds, thereby improving the wind resistance of traffic signs and ensuring traffic safety.

Yeast Probiotics Shape the Gut Microbiome and Improve the Health of Early-Weaned Piglets.

Weaning is one of the most stressful challenges in the pig's life, which contributes to dysfunctions of intestinal and immune system, disrupts the gut microbial ecosystem, and therefore compromises the growth performance and health of piglets. To mitigate the negative impact of the stress on early-weaned piglets, effective measures are needed to promote gut health. Toward this end, we tamed a Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain and developed a probiotic Duan-Nai-An, which is a yeast culture of the tamed S. cerevisiae on egg white. In this study, we tested the performance of Duan-Nai-An on growth and health of early-weaned piglets and analyzed its impact on fecal microbiota. The results showed that Duan-Nai-An significantly improved weight gain and feed intake, and reduced diarrhea and death of early-weaned piglets. Analysis of the gut microbiota showed that the bacterial community was shaped by Duan-Nai-An and maintained as a relatively stable structure, represented by a higher core OTU number and lower unweighted UniFrac distances across the early weaned period. However, fungal community was not significantly shaped by the yeast probiotics. Notably, 13 bacterial genera were found to be associated with Duan-Nai-An feeding, including Enterococcus, Succinivibrio, Ruminococcus, Sharpea, Desulfovibrio, RFN20, Sphaerochaeta, Peptococcus, Anaeroplasma, and four other undefined genera. These findings suggest that Duan-Nai-An has the potential to be used as a feed supplement in swine production.