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BACKGROUND: Currently, there remains a lack of consensus regarding factors predictive of complication such as re-nonunion after primary revision in femoral shaft nonunion subsequent to failed intramedullary nailing (IMN). A better understanding of prognostic factors could potentially reduce the risk of re-nonunion happening and allow patients to maximize their recovery in the most expeditious manner. Our study aims to identify risk factors in the development of re-nonunion after primary revision inclusive of exchanging reamed nailing (ERN) and augmentative compression plating (ACP) with IMN in situ for femoral shaft nonunion subsequent to failed IMN. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed for 63 cases (61 patients) of femoral shaft nonunion subsequent to failed IMN, who were made primary revision with either ERN or ACP from June 2007 to June 2015. The following set of variables was selected based on the speculation that they would contribute to the outcome: sex (male or female), age, body mass index(BMI), smoking, alcohol abuse, cause of injury, fracture type, type of IMN (antegrade or retrograde), use of IMN locking screws(dynamic or static), site of nonunion, primary nonunion time, pathological type of nonunion, bone defect (mm), primary revision method (ERN or ACP), and adjuvant autogenous bone grafting (ABG) (yes or no). Univariate analysis and multiple regression were used to identify risk factors in the development of re-nonunion after primary revision with either ERN or ACP for femoral shaft nonunion subsequent to failed IMN. The minimum follow-up time was 1.5 years (standard deviation [SD] = 1.2, range 1.5-8 years). RESULTS: Of 63 cases (61 patients) of femoral shaft nonunion subsequent to failed IMN, primary revision with ERN was performed in 33 (52.4%) cases and primary revision with ACP was performed in 30 (47.6%) cases. Adjuvant ABG procedure was undertaken in 39 (61.9%) cases during primary revisions. Re-nonunion was diagnosed as in 18 (28.6%) cases after primary revision with either ERN or ACP. There was a significant difference in time to union between patients treated with primary ERN and those with primary ACP (log-rank, p = 0.006). Furthermore, the difference was also statistically significant between patients with adjuvant ABG procedure and those without it (log-rank, p = 0.009). The relative risk factors included smoking, BMI, site of nonunion, bone defect, primary revision method, and adjuvant ABG procedure. However, primary revision method and adjuvant ABG procedure were shown to be two independent risk factors in multiple logistic regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with excessive tobacco use, BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, bone defect ≥ 5 mm, primary revision with ERN, and no adjuvant ABG procedure had a higher likelihood of developing re-nonunion. Of these risk factors, primary revision with ERN and no adjuvant ABG procedure were two strongest risk factors.
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Fracturas del Fémur , Fijación Intramedular de Fracturas , Fracturas no Consolidadas , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Clavos Ortopédicos , China , Femenino , Fracturas del Fémur/cirugía , Fracturas no Consolidadas/cirugía , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy and complications of two fixation techniques, namely dynamic hip screw (DHS) and proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA), in the treatment of osteoporotic femoral intertrochanteric fracture in elderly patients, and to detect changes in transforming growth factor ß2 (TGF-ß2) expression in the two groups. A total of 100 elderly patients with femoral intertrochanteric fracture were randomly divided into two groups that were treated with either DHS or PFNA. Peri-operative complications were observed in the patients and ELISA was used to detect TGF-ß2 expression levels at 1, 7, 15 and 30 days after surgical treatment. The clinical efficacy and the incidence rate of complications at 3 months after the operation were compared. In comparison with the DHS group, the PFNA group had a shorter operation time, a lower bleeding volume and a shorter post-operative weight-bearing time. The contents of TGF-ß2 in the two groups at 7 days after the operation were higher than those at 1 day, reached a peak at 15 days and had gradually decreased again at 30 days after the operation. The contents of TGF-ß2 at 1, 7 and 15 days in the PFNA group were higher than those at the identical time-points in the DHS group (P<0.01). Regarding the clinical efficacy in the two groups at 3 months of post-surgery, the rate of excellent/good efficacy in the PFNA fixation group (90.0%) was higher than that in the DHS fixation group (74.0%). Of note, PFNA fixation had a higher clinical efficacy, a shorter operation time, less intra-operative trauma, a relatively faster fracture healing process and fewer complications in comparison with DHS fixation, and is therefore more suitable for treating osteoporotic femoral intertrochanteric fracture in the elderly. PFNA fixation is superior to DHS fixation, which may be associated with the higher level of TGF-ß2 expression in comparison with that in the DHS group.
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A 30-day-old neonate was brought to our hospital due to testicular neoplasm in the right scrotum. Scrotal ultrasonography revealed a mixed cystic and solid mass in the testis. Analysis of testicular tumor markers was negative. Scrotal exploration was performed. A red nodular tumor was removed from the testis by surgery. Histological examination of the specimen showed it to be hemangiolymphangioma (HLA).
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Hemangioma/diagnóstico , Linfangioma/diagnóstico , Escroto/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias Testiculares/diagnóstico , Testículo/patología , Hemangioma/cirugía , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Linfangioma/cirugía , Masculino , Neoplasias Testiculares/cirugía , UltrasonografíaRESUMEN
The ubiquitin-proteasome system is a vital proteolytic pathway required for cell homeostasis. However, the turnover mechanism of the proteasome subunit itself is still not understood. Here, we show that the 20S proteasome subunit PSMA7 is subjected to ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, which was suppressed by PSMA7 phosphorylation at Y106 mediated by the nonreceptor tyrosine kinases c-Abl/Arg. BRCA1 specifically functions as an E3 ubiquitin ligase of PSMA7 ubiquitination. c-Abl/Arg regulates cellular proteasome abundance by controlling the PSMA7 subunit supply. Downregulated PSMA7 level results in decreased proteasome abundance in c-Abl/Arg RNAi-knockdown or c-abl/arg-deficient cells, which demonstrated an increased sensitivity to proteasome inhibition. In response to oxidative stress, the c-Abl-mediated upregulation of proteasome level compensates for the proteasomal activity impairment induced by reactive oxygen species. Abl-kinases-regulated biogenesis and homeostasis of proteasome complexes may be important for understanding related diseases and pathological states.
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Complejo de la Endopetidasa Proteasomal/metabolismo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-abl/metabolismo , Ubiquitina/metabolismo , Animales , Células Cultivadas , Cromatografía en Gel , Células HEK293 , Homeostasis , Humanos , Immunoblotting , Inmunoprecipitación , Células MCF-7 , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Ratones Noqueados , Fosforilación , Complejo de la Endopetidasa Proteasomal/genética , Espectrometría de Masas en Tándem , Ubiquitinación/fisiologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To explore operative effect of lumbar intervertebral disc herniation accompanying with lumbar instability. METHODS: Form June 2000 to June 2006, 46 patients of lumbar intervertebral disc herniation accompanying with lumbar instability were treated with decompression through posterior approach, diskectomy, spinal fusion and vertebral pedicle internal fixation. Including 33 males and 13 females,the age was from 37 to 68 years with an average of 48 years. The course of disease was from 4 months to 20 years with an average of 3.5 years. There were simple segment in 21 cases, double segments in 22 cases, three segments in 3 cases. RESULTS: All patients were followed up for 12-45 months with an average of 25 months. All cases got solid fusion and clinical symptom improved obviously. According to clinical standard to evaluation, 32 cases obtained excellent result, 8 good, 6 fair. The rate of excellent and good was 86.9%. CONCLUSION: Diskectomy, spinal fusion and internal fixation can obtain satisfactory clinical effect for lumbar intervertebral disc herniation accompanying with lumbar instability.
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Desplazamiento del Disco Intervertebral/cirugía , Vértebras Lumbares/cirugía , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Fijación Interna de Fracturas , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Fusión Vertebral , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the association between resting heart rate (HR) and all-cause death and coronary heart disease (CHD) events in the Chinese cohort.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Data were obtained from the PRC-USA Cooperative Study on Cardiovascular and Cardiopulmonary Epidemiology. Baseline screen surveys were conducted in 1983 and 1984 from people aged 35 to 59 years living in urban or rural areas of Beijing and Guangzhou. Follow-up visits were performed for end point events of all-cause death and first CHD events every two years till 2005. Resting HR was determined from 5 consecutive intervals between R waves on the 12-lead electrocardiogram.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 9856 (4805 males) people were included in the study and the mean follow up duration was 16.2 years. There were 1523 deaths, including 200 CHD events during the follow up period. Mean resting HR was 67.9 beat per minute (bpm) in men and 71.6 bpm in women respectively which had a trend to increase with aging. Cox Proportional Hazards model indicated the relative risk of all-cause death increased constantly with the increase of HR percentile after control of age, fasting glucose, serum cholesterol, serum triglyceride, body mass index, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. With HR 60-89 bpm as control group, the relative risk and 95% confidence interval in group HR < 50 bpm, 50 - 59 bpm, 90 - 99 bpm and > or = 100 bpm were 0.76 (0.49 - 1.17), 0.87 (0.75 - 1.02), 1.33 (1.06 - 1.68), 1.48 (1.03 - 2.14) respectively. However there was no significant correlation between HR and CHD events in studied population.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The risk of total death increased significantly in people with HR > or = 90 bpm suggesting higher resting heart rate might be an independent risk factor for all-cause death in the Chinese population.</p>