Body mass index and pressure injuries risk in hospitalized adult patients: A dose-response analysis.

BACKGROUND: The association between underweight and pressure injuries (PIs) has been established in several studies. However, there is a lack of well-designed research investigating the connection between overweight and obesity with these injuries. OBJECTIVE: This meta-analysis aims to investigate the dose-response relationship between body mass index (BMI) and the risk of PIs in adult hospitalized patients. METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science, and MEDLINE Databases were searched from inception to May 2024. Observational articles with at least three BMI categories were included in the study. BMI was defined as underweight, normal weight, overweight, and morbid obesity for the meta-analysis. The non-linear relationship between BMI and the risk of PIs in hospitalized adults was investigated using restricted cubic spline models. Fractional polynomial modeling was used. RESULTS: Eleven articles reporting at least 3 categories of BMI met the inclusion criteria, including 31,389 participants. Compared to patients with normal weight, those with underweight, obesity, and morbid obesity exhibited an increased risk of PIs, with odds ratios of 1.70 (95%CI:1.50-1.91), 1.12 (95%CI:1.02-1.24), 1.70 (95%CI:1.13-2.55), respectively. A J-shaped dose-response model was established for the relationship between PI risk and BMI (Pnon-linearity < 0.001, Plinearity = 0.745). CONCLUSION: The J-shaped dose-response pattern revealed that underweight, obesity and morbid obesity heightened the risk of PIs in hospitalized adults. Lower and higher BMI values may signify an increased risk for PIs, particularly among the elderly with lower BMI, providing valuable guidance for medical staff.

Suicide rates among people with serious mental illness: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: People with serious mental illness are at great risk of suicide, but little is known about the suicide rates among this population. We aimed to quantify the suicide rates among people with serious mental illness (bipolar disorder, major depression, or schizophrenia). METHODS: PubMed and Web of Science were searched to identify studies published from 1 January 1975 to 10 December 2020. We assessed English-language studies for the suicide rates among people with serious mental illness. Random-effects meta-analysis was used. Changes in follow-up time and the suicide rates were presented by a locally weighted scatter-plot smoothing (LOESS) curve. Suicide rate ratio was estimated for assessments of difference in suicide rate by sex. RESULTS: Of 5014 identified studies, 41 were included in this analysis. The pooled suicide rate was 312.8 per 100 000 person-years (95% CI 230.3-406.8). Europe was reported to have the highest pooled suicide rate of 335.2 per 100 000 person-years (95% CI 261.5-417.6). Major depression had the highest suicide rate of 534.3 per 100 000 person-years (95% CI 30.4-1448.7). There is a downward trend in suicide rate estimates over follow-up time. Excess risk of suicide in males was found [1.90 (95% CI 1.60-2.25)]. The most common suicide method was poisoning [21.9 per 100 000 person-years (95% CI 3.7-50.4)]. CONCLUSIONS: The suicide rates among people with serious mental illness were high, highlighting the requirements for increasing psychological assessment and monitoring. Further study should focus on region and age differences in suicide among this population.

A K+-sensitive photonic crystal hydrogel sensor for efficient visual monitoring of hyperkalemia/hypokalemia.

Potassium ions (K+) play crucial roles in many biological processes. Abnormal K+ levels in the body are usually associated with physiological disorders or diseases, and thus, developing K+-sensitive sensors/devices is of great importance for disease diagnosis and health monitoring. Herein, we report a K+-sensitive photonic crystal hydrogel (PCH) sensor with bright structural colors for efficient monitoring of serum potassium. This PCH sensor consists of a poly(acrylamide-co-N-isopropylacrylamide-co-benzo-15-crown-5-acrylamide) (PANBC) smart hydrogel with embedded Fe3O4 colloidal photonic crystals (CPCs), which could strongly diffract visible light and endow the hydrogel with brilliant structural colors. The rich 15-crown-5 (15C5) units appended on the polymer backbone could selectively bind K+ ions to form stable 2 : 1 [15C5]2/K+ supramolecular complexes. These bis-bidentate complexes served as physical crosslinkers to crosslink the hydrogel and contracted its volume, and thus reduced the lattice spacing of Fe3O4 CPCs and blue-shifted the light diffraction, and finally reported on the K+ concentrations by a color change of the PCH. Our fabricated PCH sensor possessed high K+ selectivity and pH- and thermo-sensitive response performances to K+. Most interestingly, the K+-responding PANBC PCH sensor could be conveniently regenerated via simple alternate flushing with hot/cold water due to the excellent thermosensitivity of the introduced PNIPAM moieties into the hydrogel. Such a PCH sensor provides a simple, low-cost and efficient strategy for visualized monitoring of hyperkalemia/hypokalemia, which will significantly promote the development of biosensors.

COVID-19 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: A systematic review.

The objectives of the study were to review the articles to identify (a) the epidemiology of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); (b) the clinical characteristics of SLE patients with COVID-19; (c) the treatment of COVID-19 in SLE patients; and (d) the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on SLE patients. PubMed was systematically reviewed for literature published from December 2019 to June 2021. Our search was limited to human studies, with language restriction of English. Studies were included if they reported COVID-19 in SLE patients. Our systematic review included 52 studies. The prevalence of COVID-19 infection ranged from 0.0% to 18.1% in SLE patients, and the hospitalisation rates ranged from 0.24% to 10.6%. COVID-19 infection is likely to mimic SLE flare. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) was ineffective in prevention of COVID-19, and SLE patients with COVID-19 faced difficulty in healthcare access, had financial constraints and suffered from psychological distress during the pandemic. The pandemic had a significant effect on mental and physical health. Adequate healthcare access, along with containment policies, social distancing measures and psychological nursing was required.

Association between social support and suicidal ideation in patients with cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To quantitatively examine the relationship between social support and suicidal ideation (SI) among patients with cancer and identify the moderators that influence the magnitude of this association. METHODS: Publications were searched in PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure from database inception to May, 2020. Correlation coefficients (r) were chosen as the effect size with a random model to evaluate the overall effect size between social support and SI in patients with cancer. To assess statistical heterogeneity, we examined potential moderator variables on the social support and SI. RESULTS: A total of 881 studies were identified in initial search, and twelve studies were eligible. A negative, small but significant correlation (r = -0.22, 95% CIs: -0.30,-0.14, p < 0.001) was observed between social support and SI in patients with cancer, with a significant heterogeneity (I2  = 95.24%, Q = 231.27, p < 0.001). Moderator analyses indicated that race/ethnicity (Q(1) = 8.4, p < 0.05) and measurements of social support (Q(3) = 9.78, p < 0.05) and SI (Q(3) = 9.69, p < 0.05) significantly moderate the effect size between social support and SI. CONCLUSION: Taken together, we found a negative yet significant association between social support and SI in patients with cancer, which supported the importance of social support for the prevention of SI in patients with cancer.

Incidence of Pressure Injury in Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this systematic review and quantitative analysis of pooled data was to assess the global incidence of pressure injury (PI), across time frames and countries, in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis. SEARCH STRATEGY: PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases were systematically searched for studies published from database inception to January 2019, with only English language studies that reported the incidence of PIs in individuals with SCI were included. Study quality was assessed by a 14-item standardized checklist. We calculated the incidence of PIs as the number of new PIs in individuals with SCI and the total number of individuals with SCI during the study period. Findings are presented as incidence rate with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: The search yielded 1652 studies; after studies were reviewed for inclusion criteria, 29 studies representing N = 82,722 patients were retained for data extraction. The global incidence of PIs was 0.23 (95% CI, 0.20-0.26). Data for regional distribution by country showed a pooled incidence of 0.43 (95% CI, 0.28-0.57) in individuals with SCI in South American countries, 0.36 (95% CI, 0.16-0.56) in African countries, 0.25 (95% CI, 0.14-0.37) in European countries, 0.23 (95% CI, 0.19-0.27) in North American countries, and 0.16 (95% CI, 0.06-0.25) in Asian countries. The incidence was 0.22 (95% CI, 0.19-0.26) in developing countries versus 0.27 (95% CI, 0.17-0.37) in developed countries. From 2000 to 2009, the incidence of PIs in individuals with SCI was 0.28 (95% CI, 0.09-0.47). The incidence rate of PIs before 2000 and after 2009 was 0.23. The hospital- and community-acquired PI incidence was 0.22 (95% CI, 0.19-0.26) and 0.26 (95% CI, 0.20-0.32), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Study findings indicate that more than 1 in 5 individuals with SCI will develop a PI. Individuals with SCI are at high risk of developing PI, especially in community settings or low- and middle-income developing countries. The findings highlight the importance of further investigation of risk factors and prevention and management strategies for PIs in individuals with SCI.

Ultrasensitive microchip based on smart microgel for real-time online detection of trace threat analytes.

Real-time online detection of trace threat analytes is critical for global sustainability, whereas the key challenge is how to efficiently convert and amplify analyte signals into simple readouts. Here we report an ultrasensitive microfluidic platform incorporated with smart microgel for real-time online detection of trace threat analytes. The microgel can swell responding to specific stimulus in flowing solution, resulting in efficient conversion of the stimulus signal into significantly amplified signal of flow-rate change; thus highly sensitive, fast, and selective detection can be achieved. We demonstrate this by incorporating ion-recognizable microgel for detecting trace Pb(2+), and connecting our platform with pipelines of tap water and wastewater for real-time online Pb(2+) detection to achieve timely pollution warning and terminating. This work provides a generalizable platform for incorporating myriad stimuli-responsive microgels to achieve ever-better performance for real-time online detection of various trace threat molecules, and may expand the scope of applications of detection techniques.

A penicillinase-modified poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylamide) smart hydrogel biosensor with superior recyclability for sensitive and colorimetric detection of penicillin G.

Antibiotics are widely used for treating bacterial infections. However, excessive or improper use of antibiotics can pose a serious threat to human health and water environments, and thus, developing cost-effective, portable and effective strategies to analyze and detect antibiotics is highly desired. Herein, we reported a responsive photonic hydrogel (RPH)-based optical biosensor (PPNAH) with superior recyclability for sensitive and colorimetric determination of a typical ß-lactam antibiotic penicillin G (PG) in water. This sensor was composed of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylamide) smart hydrogel with incorporated penicillinase and Fe3O4@SiO2 colloidal photonic crystals (CPCs). The sensor could translate PG concentration signals into changes in the diffraction wavelength and structural color of the hydrogel. It possessed high sensitivity and selectivity to PG and excellent detection performances for other two typical ß-lactam antibiotics. Most importantly, due to the unique thermosensitivity of the poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) moieties in the hydrogel, the PG-responded PPNAH sensor could be facilely regenerated via a simple physical method at least fifty times while without compromising its response performance. Besides, our sensor was suitable for monitoring the PG-contaminated environmental water and displayed satisfactory detection performances. Such a sensor possessed obvious advantages of superior recyclability, highly chemical stability, low production cost, easy fabrication, wide range of visual detection, simple and intuitive operation for PG detection, and environmental-friendliness, which holds great potential in sensitive and colorimetric detection of the PG residues in polluted water.

Prevalence of anxiety, depression, sleeping problems, cognitive impairment, and suicidal ideation in people with autoimmune skin diseases.

BACKGROUND: Autoimmune skin diseases (ASDs) such as psoriasis and vitiligo, in addition to causing visible skin symptoms, are closely associated with psychological health issues. However, a comprehensive understanding of the prevalence of these psychological comorbidities in affected individuals is lacking. This study aims to identify the prevalence of anxiety, depression, sleeping problems, cognitive impairment, and suicidal ideation in people with ASDs. METHOD: PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library searches were conducted from 1993 to May 2024. Observational studies reporting prevalence data for anxiety, depression, sleeping problems, cognitive impairment, and suicidal ideation among people with ASDs were included in the analysis. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to evaluate the quality of studies. RESULTS: The study included 114 studies from 37 countries including 823,975 participants. The estimated pooled prevalence of anxiety in patients with ASDs was 33.3% (95% CI: 27.3-29.3%). The estimated pooled prevalence of depression was 33.7% (95% CI: 29.2-38.1%). The estimated pooled prevalence of sleeping problems was 45.0% (95% CI:31.6-58.4%). The estimated pooled prevalence of cognitive impairment and suicidal ideation was 30.8% (95% CI:15.0-46.7%) and 21.6% (95% CI:13.4-29.8%), respectively. The most common mental disorder in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and psoriasis was sleeping problems at 55.9% (95% CI: 35.6-76.1%, I2 = 97%) and 39.0% (95% CI: 21.1-56.9%, I2 = 99%). CONCLUSION: Among patients with ASDs, anxiety, depression, sleeping problems, cognitive impairment, and suicidal ideation were common. The most prevalent mental disorder among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and psoriasis was sleeping problems. Those with ASDs may experience considerable psychological burdens, and integrated mental health support is necessary for their treatment.

Portable diagnosis method of hyperkalemia using potassium-recognizable poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-benzo-15-crown-5-acrylamide) copolymers.

A novel, simple, portable, and low-cost method for diagnosis of hyperkalemia by using K(+)-recognizable poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-benzo-15-crown-5-acrylamide) [poly(NIPAM-co-B15C5Am)] linear copolymer as indicator is presented in this work. The pendent 15-crown-5 units in the linear copolymers can selectively and specifically recognize K(+) to form stable 2:1 "sandwich" host-guest complexes, which cause the copolymer chains to change from the hydrophilic state to the hydrophobic state isothermally, whereas other tested metal ions (e.g., Li(+), Na(+), Cs(+), Mg(2+), Ca(2+), Sr(2+), Ba(2+), Cu(2+), Fe(3+), Pb(2+), Cd(2+), Cr(3+)) cannot be recognized. With increasing the 15-crown-5 content or the K(+) concentration, the poly(NIPAM-co-B15C5Am) linear copolymers exhibit higher sensitivity to K(+). The hyperkalemia can be simply diagnosed by observing the K(+)-induced optical transmittance change of human blood samples with poly(NIPAM-co-B15C5Am) linear copolymer as an indicator. Normal blood samples with low potassium level containing the poly(NIPAM-co-B15C5Am) linear copolymer are almost transparent since the copolymer is hydrophilic and soluble at the operating temperature. However, severe hyperkalemia samples with high potassium level become completely cloudy since the copolymer is hydrophobic and insoluble at this temperature. The presented diagnosis method with poly(NIPAM-co-B15C5Am) linear copolymer as indicator is quite simple and low-cost, and it would bring a new candidate material to design simple and portable tools for diagnosis of hyperkalemia in the general population. Moreover, the results in this work provide valuable guidance for building novel poly(NIPAM-co-B15C5Am)-based artificial K(+)-recognizable "smart" or "intelligent" systems in various application fields.

A chiral magnetic molybdenum disulfide nanocomposite for direct enantioseparation of RS-propranolol.

We herein report a novel chiral magnetic molybdenum disulfide nanocomposite (MMoS2/PNG-CD) with a high enantioselectivity and excellent thermosensitivity and magnetism. The prepared MMoS2/PNG-CD shows temperature-dependent chiral discrimination and enantioselectivity toward a chiral drug RS-propranolol (RS-PPL), which is based on the molecular recognition ability of beta-cyclodextrin (ß-CD) and the thermosensitivity of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM). The synthesized MMoS2/PNG2-CD by using a monomer molar ratio of GMA to NIPAM of 2 : 1 demonstrates a high selectivity toward R-PPL over S-PPL due to the synergistic effect of the PNIPAM moieties and ß-CD hosts. The thermo-induced volume phase transition (VPT) of the introduced PNIPAM moieties significantly affects the inclusion constants of the ß-CD/R-PPL complex, and thus the loading and desorption of R-PPL on the MMoS2/PNG2-CD. The enantioselectivity at temperatures below the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of the PNG-ß-CD grafting chains is much higher than that at temperatures above the LCST. As a result, the regeneration of the MMoS2/PNG2-CD is easily achieved via simply changing the operating temperature. Moreover, the regenerated MMoS2/PNG2-CD can be readily recovered from the RS-PPL solution under an external magnetic field for reuse. Such a multifunctional molybdenum disulfide nanocomposite with a high enantioselectivity and excellent thermosensitivity and regenerability is promising to serve as a high-performance nanoselector for direct resolution of various ß-blocker drugs.

Development and validation of a model for predicting the risk of suicide in patients with cancer.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to establish a nomogram model to predict SI in patients with cancer and further evaluate its performance. METHOD: This study was performed among 390 patients in oncology departments of Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University from April 2020 to January 2021. Of these, eligible patients who were diagnosed with cancer were split into training and validation cohorts according the ratio of 2:1 randomly. In the training cohort, multivariate regression was performed to determine the independent variables related to SI. A nomogram was built incorporating these variables. The model performance was evaluated by an independent validation cohort. RESULTS: The prevalence of SI in patients with cancer was 22.31% and 19.23% in training and validation cohorts, respectively. The nomogram model suggested independent variables for SI, including depression, emotional function, time after diagnosis, family function and educational status. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.93 (95%CI, 0.90-0.97) and 0.82 (95%CI, 0.74-0.90) in training and validation cohorts respectively, which indicated good discrimination of the nomogram in predicting SI in cancer patients. The p-value of the goodness of fit (GOF) test was 0.197 and 0.974 in training and validation cohorts respectively, suggesting our nomogram model has acceptable calibration power, and the calibration curves further indicated good calibration power. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the nomogram model for predicting individualized probability of SI could help clinical caregivers estimate the risk of SI in patients with cancer and provide appropriate management.

Up-regulation of PUM1 by miR-218-5p promotes colorectal tumor-initiating cell properties and tumorigenesis by regulating the PI3K/AKT axis.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the fourth most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Advanced stage CRC, during the recent past, had a dismal prognosis and only a few available treatments. Pumilio homologous protein 1 (PUM1) is reportedly aberrant in human malignancies, including CRC. However, the role of PUM1 in the regulation of tumor-initiating cells (T-ICs) remains unknown. Methods: The levels of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) were determined by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunoblot analyses. Statistical analyses were performed to determine the associations between the levels of PUM1 and tumor features and patient outcomes. Whether PUM1 is a downstream target of miR-218-5p was verified by bioinformatics target gene prediction and qRT-PCR. Results: Herein, it was found that T-ICs, chemoresistance, and recurrent CRC samples all manifest increased PUM1 expression. Functional investigations have shown that PUM1 increased the self-renewal, tumorigenicity, malignant proliferation, and chemoresistance of colorectal cells. PUM1 activates the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway biochemically. Furthermore, it was discovered that miR-218-5p specifically targets T-ICs' PUM1 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR). More importantly, the PUM1/PI3K/AKT axis regulates CRC cells' responses to treatment with cetuximab, and PUM1 overexpression increased cetuximab resistance. More evidence points to the possibility that low PUM1 may predict cetuximab benefits in CRC patients after analysis of the patient cohort, patient-derived tumor organoids, and patient-derived xenografts (PDXs). Conclusions: Taken together, the result of this work points to the critical function of the miR-218-5p/PUM1/PI3K/AKT regulatory circuit in regulating T-ICs characteristics and thus suggests possible therapeutic targets for CRC.

The Incidence of Depression in Patients With Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Some patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) may suffer from depression, but the latest information regarding the incidence of depression in patients with DFUs is limited. This review aimed to provide up-to-date information concerning the incidence of depression in patients with DFUs. We searched the literature in PubMed and Web of Science databases, limited to English publications. 11 eligible studies with a total of 2117 participants were included in this review. A random-effects model was applied due to high heterogeneity. The incidence of depression in patients with DFUs ranged from 26% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 19% to 33%) to 85% (95% CI = 78% to 92%), and was 47% (95% CI = 36% to 58%) after systematically summarizing. Subgroup analyses suggested that the incidence of depression were 49% (95%CI = 35% to 63%) in Europe, 37% (95% CI = 23% to 51%) in Asia, 62% (95% CI = 48% to 76%) in North America. Additionally, the incidence of depression were 40% (95% CI = 29% to 50%) in prospective studies, 55% (95% CI = 28% to 82%) in retrospective studies, 40% (95% CI = 29% to 50%) in cross-sectional studies. Furthermore, the incidence of depression were 43% (95% CI = 25% to 60%), 49% (95% CI = 35% to 63%), 68% (95% CI = 35% to 102%), 32% (95% CI = 26% to 38%), and 28% (95% CI = 18% to 38%) in patients with DFUs assessed by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, EuroQol 5-Dimension Questionnaire, Geriatric Depression Scale, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition, and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, respectively. The estimates were robust in the sensitivity analysis. According to the meta-regression analyses, diabetes mellitus duration (t = 0.93, P = .422), publication years (t = -0.72, P = .488), and age of subjects (t = 0.01, P = .989) were not the sources of high heterogeneity. Our meta-analysis showed nearly half of patients with DFUs had depression problems.

Efficacy and safety of angiogenesis inhibitors in melanoma: a meta-analysis of seven randomized controlled trials.

Little is known about the efficacy and safety of angiogenesis inhibitor therapy in patients with melanoma. The objective of this study was to assess the possible benefits and harms of angiogenesis inhibitor therapy in patients with melanoma. Electronic databases of PubMed and Web of Science were searched from inception to January 2020. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the efficacy and safety of angiogenesis inhibitor therapy in patients with melanoma were included. Primary outcomes were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), reported as hazard ratios (HRs). Secondary outcomes were disease control, objective response, and adverse events, reported as odds ratios (ORs), and trial sequential analysis (TSA) was also performed. We identified seven trials with 3185 patients. There was no significant difference in OS [HR, 0.99; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.90-1.09] or PFS (HR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.83-1.00) between the treatment groups. No significant effect of angiogenesis inhibitor therapy was identified on disease control (OR, 1.23; 95% CI, 0.97-1.55) or objective response (OR, 1.27; 95% CI, 0.99-1.62). TSA showed that the sample size for analysis of disease control was sufficient. Additionally, angiogenesis inhibitor therapy increased risks of hypertension, neurological symptoms, and diarrhea. Angiogenesis inhibitor therapy makes no significant improvement in OS or PFS in patients with melanoma and even causes an increased risk of important adverse events. Therefore, angiogenesis inhibitor therapy is not recommended for the treatment of melanoma.

The significance of cognitive-behavioral therapy on suicide: An umbrella review.

BACKGROUND: Suicide becomes a widespread public health concern. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is used to correct negative thoughts and behaviors of patients at risk of suicide. The aim of this research is to summarize and evaluate the existing evidence to explore the impact of CBT on suicide. METHOD: We conducted a systematic searched in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane database from the first available year to March 2021. The methodological quality was evaluated by AMSTAR-2 tool, and the evidence quality was evaluated by GRADE classification. We summarized all the comparative effects of CBT on suicide, and used forest plots to describe the impact of CBT on suicide related outcomes included suicidal ideation, suicide attempts. The random effects model was used to summarize data. RESULTS: Nine systematic reviews and meta-analysis were included. Most of the systematic reviews and meta-analysis were of medium methodological and evidence quality. The impact of CBT on suicide outcomes could be divided into the following two categories: CBT reduced levels of suicidal ideation (SMD -0.28, 95 % CI -0.36 to -0.21), CBT relieved suicide attempts (RR 0.77, 95 % CI 0.69 to 0.87). CONCLUSION: Based on the current evidence, CBT could relieve suicide, including suicide ideation, suicide attempts. CBT is scalable and cost-effective. It is helpful for health professionals to formulate personalized CBT programs, promote clinical and community applications and integrate them into comprehensive suicide interventions and prevention strategies.

Relationship between depressive symptoms and internet usage time among adolescents: Results from a nationwide survey.

Adolescent depression is becoming a public health problem. In this study the association between depressive symptoms and internet usage time in adolescents was examined, with data collected from the China Education Tracking Survey (CEPS). The survey is publicly available and carried out nationwide. A logistic regression analysis was conducted with odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), the subgroup analysis examined the relationships between internet usage time and depressive symptoms. A total of 10,705 adolescents were involved, where 46.4% of them are caught by the internet for more than two hours per day. Adolescents keeping on the internet for 6-8 h per day were reported to have higher odds of depressive symptoms than adolescents who were free from it with the confounders of individual, family, and school adjusted, which were observed among groups with a medium family economic status without living with their father and with a sleep time less than nine hours. The results revealed that adolescents spending more time online had a higher risk of experiencing depression symptoms. This study suggested that it is helpful for mental health professionals to evaluate and develop prevention interventions for depressive symptoms in adolescents promptly through monitoring and managing online time.

Solvothermal synthesis of poly(acrylic acid) decorated magnetic molybdenum disulfide nanosheets for highly-efficient adsorption of cationic dyes from aqueous solutions.

Herein we report solvothermal synthesis of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) decorated magnetic molybdenum disulfide nanosheets (MMoS2/PAA) for highly efficient adsorption of three cationic dyes of basic fuchsin (BF), methylene blue (MB), and crystal violet (CV) from aqueous solutions. The synthesized MMoS2/PAA was characterized by several techniques including transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Due to the strong electrostatic interaction between cationic dyes and the anionic nanosheet surface, the obtained MMoS2/PAA showed ultrafast adsorption of BF, MB and CV within 2 min with high adsorption capacities of 886.1, 709.0, and 633.6 mg g-1, respectively, much higher than those materials reported recently. PAA molecules bound on the nanosheets played a crucial role in significantly enhancing the dye adsorption. The adsorption kinetics and isotherms of three dyes onto the MMoS2/PAA were well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic and the Langmuir models. Moreover, the MMoS2/PAA also exhibited high removal efficiencies for various mixed-dye solutions. Besides, such a functional nanomaterial could be effectively recovered from dye solutions under an external magnetic field and reused for dye adsorption without compromising on its performance indicating it can serve as an excellent adsorbent for effective removal of a variety of cationic organic pollutants from industrial effluents.

Evaluation of medical quality and treatment trends of nonvalvular atrial fibrillation in Beijing inpatients.

BACKGROUND: The quality of care presented to AF cases in tertiary and non-tertiary hospitals in China remains obscure and needs further investigation. Therefore, we examined the compliance with quality measures (QMs) and clinical performance measures (PMs) that were proposed by the ACC/AHA in 2016 in a Chinese adult population with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF). We also investigated the changes in patients' characteristics, treatment plans, and quality of provided care at different time-points [2011-2016]. METHODS: We used the datasets from two registry-based studies in Beijing, including the Chinese Atrial Fibrillation Registry (CHINA-AF) investigation. From August 2011 to July 2016, an overall number of 13,439 nonvalvular AF cases were included. Our primary outcome was to determine the compliance rate with two PMs [oral anticoagulant (OAC) use and prothrombin time international normalized ratio (INR)] and six QMs (beta-blocker, ACEI-ARB, and the inappropriate prescription of antiarrhythmic drugs, Sotalol, antiplatelet and OAC, and non-dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonist) over a period of 5 years [2011-2016]. Also, the difference in compliance between tertiary and non-tertiary hospitals was investigated. RESULTS: The compliance with PMs and QMs was variable between tertiary and non-tertiary hospitals. In tertiary hospitals, the total number of inpatient beds was >500, and each bed was equipped with >1.03 health technical personnel and >0.4 nurses. In non-tertiary hospitals, the available beds capacity was <500, and each bed corresponded with 0.7-0.88 health technical personnel and >0.4 nurses. The compliance rates with OAC use steadily increased from 2011-2015 in tertiary hospitals (35%, 35.9%, 37.9%, 45%, and 49%, P<0.001). In non-tertiary hospitals, INR follow-up of warfarin use increased significantly over the years, with rates of 36.2%, 60.5%, 71.6%, 64.3%, and 81.5% (P=0.04), respectively. In terms of QMs, the compliance with the six measure sets was quite similar among tertiary and non-tertiary hospitals avoiding any significant difference over the years (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: We noted an improvement in medical quality regarding the use of OAC, especially in tertiary hospitals. Meanwhile, the compliance rates of INR follow-up improved in non-tertiary hospitals. However, the compliance rates of other performance and QMs are still low, which are in need of improvement.

Incidence of suicide mortality among childhood cancer survivors: A population-based retrospective study.

The aim of our study was to investigate the suicide rates among childhood cancer survivors and assess factors associated with higher suicide risk. A review of data from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program from 1975 to 2016 was performed for this study. This program is based on the US population and is supported by the US National Cancer Institute (NCI). Survivors diagnosed with childhood cancer were recorded. There were 40 suicides among 567,233 person-years, giving a suicide rate of 7.1 per 100,000 person-years. Compared with cancer diagnosed between 10 and 14 years old, survivors with cancer diagnosed between 0 and 4 years old had lower suicide risk. Females had a lower risk of suicide than males. Compared with survivors of thyroid cancer, the aHRs were 0.16 for acute lymphocytic leukemia, 0.15 for nodal Hodgkin's lymphoma, 0.14 for brain cancers and 0.09 for kidney cancers. Most suicides occurred after 15 years old. Suicide was a problem for survivors, especially those with thyroid cancer. Beside treating patients holistically, early psychological interventions such as communicating effectively, providing social support and follow-up care related to psychological health are needed.