Ionic Pumping Effect at the Tailored Mesoporous Carbon Interface for an Extra-Stable Lithium Ion Battery at Low Temperatures.

Ion transportation at the interface significantly influences the electrochemical performance of the lithium ion battery, especially at high rates and low temperatures. Here, we develop a controlled self-assembly strategy for constructing a mesoporous carbon nanolayer with a uniform pore size and varied thicknesses on the two-dimensional monolayer MXene substrate. On the basis of the excellent electron conductivity of MXene, the mesoporous carbon layer is found with a voltage-driven ion accumulation effect, acting as an "ionic pump". The thicker mesoporous layer (∼2.28 nm) has the ability to accommodate a substantial quantity of ions, demonstrating enhanced ionic conductivity, remarkable cycling stability (192.8 mAh/g after 9400 cycles at 5.0 A/g), and outstanding rate capability at ambient and sub-zero temperatures (∼601 mAh/g at 0 °C and 0.05 A/g). This work provides valuable insights and guidance for the further development of high-performance electrode materials at high rates or low temperatures.

[Analysis of prognostic factors for patients with traumatic acute subdural hematomas treated by surgery].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the factors correlated with the surgical prognosis of patients with traumatic acute subdural hematoma (ASDH). METHODS: A total of 117 surgical patients for traumatic ASDH between January 2007 and August 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. The clinical factors correlated with prognosis were statistically analyzed.Glasgow outcome score (GOS) was used for prognostic evaluations and favorable prognosis was defined as 4-5 points. RESULTS: The percentage of patients with favorable prognosis was 43.59% and the mortality 39.32%. The factors correlated with favorable prognosis included age <40 years, pre-operative GCS >8, no pre-operative herniation, duration between injury and surgical depression ≤ 4 h, without injury of drainage vein, mild brain edema and good brain palpation; the factors correlated with mortality included age >60 years, pre-operative GCS ≤ 8, pre-operative herniation, duration between injury and surgical depression >4 h, injury of drainage vein, serious brain edema and weak brain palpation Logistic regression confirmed preoperative GCS >8, no preoperative herniation, injury of drainage vein and postoperative good brain palpation were independent factors associated with favorable prognosis. CONCLUSION: Patients with age <40 years, preoperative GCS>8, no preoperative herniation, injury of drainage vein and postoperative good brain palpation tend to have favorable prognoses.

Using ligand regulation, metal replacement, and ligand doping strategies on Zr-FUM to improve methane separation from coalbed gas.

Developing adsorbents suitable for industrial applications that can effectively enhance the separation of methane (CH4) from nitrogen (N2) in coalbed gas is crucial to improve energy recovery and mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. In this study, three modification strategies were implemented on Zr-FUM, including ligand regulation, metal replacement, and ligand doping, to synthesize Zr-FDCA, Al-FUM, and Zr-FUM-FA, with the aim of improving the performance of CH4/N2 separation under humid conditions. The results demonstrated that the promotion of robust orbital overlap and strengthened electrovalent bonding on adsorbents can selectively enhance CH4 adsorption. As a result, Zr-FUM-FA achieved a saturated CH4 adsorption capacity of 1.37 mmol/g, a CH4 working window of 307 s, and a CH4/N2 sorbent selection parameter (Ssp) of 47.31, exceeding the performance of most reported adsorbents. Analyses of the pore structure, surface morphology, and functional groups revealed that the presence of an ultramicropore proximity to CH4, reduced static resistance, and enhanced electrovalent bond were key factors for CH4 separation. Grand Canonical Monte Carlo and Density Functional Theory studies indicated that the introduction of -C-H- in FA played a crucial role in enhancing CH4 adsorption. Optimization of adsorption parameters using the Aspen adsorption package showed that in a dual-adsorbent bed system, the recovery and purity of CH4 in Zr-FUM-FA reach 99.5% and 97.3%, respectively, providing important theoretical support for the improvement of CH4 recovery in the pressure swing adsorption process from coalbed gas.

Synthetic effect of supports in Cu-Mn-doped oxide catalysts for promoting ozone decomposition under humid environment.

The escalating levels of surface ozone concentration pose detrimental effects on public health and the environment. Catalytic decomposition presents an optimal solution for surface ozone removal. Nevertheless, catalyst still encounters challenges such as poisoning and deactivation in the high humidity environment. The influence of support on catalytic ozone decomposition was examined at a gas hourly space velocity of 300 L·g-1·h-1 and 85% relative humidity under ambient temperature using Cu-Mn-doped oxide catalysts synthesized via a straightforward coprecipitation method. Notably, the Cu-Mn/SiO2 catalyst exhibited remarkable performance on ozone decomposition, achieving 98% ozone conversion and stability for 10 h. Further characterization analysis indicated that the catalyst's enhanced water resistance and activity could be attributed to factors such as an increased number of active sites, a large surface area, abundant active oxygen species, and a lower Mn oxidation state. The catalytic environment created by mixed oxides can offer a clearer understanding of their synergistic effects on catalytic ozone decomposition, providing significant insights into the development of water-resistant catalysts with superior performance.

A dual-functional hydrogel for efficient water purification: Integrating solar interfacial evaporation with fenton reaction.

Solar interfacial evaporation is a potential technology to produce clean water due to its simplicity and being driven by renewable clean energy, but it still requires further development to break through the bottleneck of removing volatile organic compounds (VOCs), especially in wastewater treatment. Herein, we proposed a dual-functional hydrogel evaporator that coupled solar interfacial evaporation with Fenton reaction to simultaneously remove VOCs and non-volatile pollutants from water with low energy consumption and high efficiency. The evaporator was composed with ß-FeOOH and polydopamine (PDA) on an electrospun nanofibrous hydrogel. Arising from the PDA with excellent photothermal properties, the evaporator revealed a high light absorption characteristics (∼90%) and photothermal efficiency (83.4%), which ensured a favorable evaporation rate of 1.70 kg m-2 h-1 under one solar irradiation. More importantly, benefited from the coupled Fenton reaction, the VOCs removal rate of ß-FeOOH@PDA/polyvinyl alcohol nanofibrous hydrogel (ß-FeOOH@PPNH) reached 95.8%, which was 6.5 times than that of sole solar interfacial evaporation (14.8%). In addition, the evaporator exhibited an outstanding non-volatile pollutant removal capability and stable removal performance for organic pollutants over a long period of operation. The prepared ß-FeOOH@PPNH evaporator provides a promising idea for simultaneous removal of non-volatile pollutants and volatile pollutants performance in long-term water purification.

[Studies on the resonance nonlinear scattering of aqueous CoFe2O4 nanoparticle].

There are five resonance scattering peaks at 400, 470, 510, 800 and 940 nm for aqueous CoFe2O4 nanoparticles. It is a nonlinear scattering medium. When excited wavelength is at 330 nm, there are a Rayleigh scattering peak at 330 nm, a 1/2 fraction frequency peak at 660 nm and a 1/3 fraction frequency peak at 990 nm. It exhibits a strongest double frequency peak at 400 nm and a Rayleigh scattering peak at 800 nm as the excited wavelength is at 800 nm. The double frequency peak and the 1/2 fraction frequency peak have similar scattering property as the Rayleigh scattering peak. A new concept including gray particle and white particle has been proposed, and applied to analysis of the resonance scattering spectra of CoFe2O4 nanoparticle system.