A Dual-Modal, Label-Free Raman Imaging Method for Rapid Virtual Staining of Large-Area Breast Cancer Tissue Sections.

As one of the most common cancers, accurate, rapid, and simple histopathological diagnosis is very important for breast cancer. Raman imaging is a powerful technique for label-free analysis of tissue composition and histopathology, but it suffers from slow speed when applied to large-area tissue sections. In this study, we propose a dual-modal Raman imaging method that combines Raman mapping data with microscopy bright-field images to achieve virtual staining of breast cancer tissue sections. We validate our method on various breast tissue sections with different morphologies and biomarker expressions and compare it with the golden standard of histopathological methods. The results demonstrate that our method can effectively distinguish various types and components of tissues, and provide staining images comparable to stained tissue sections. Moreover, our method can improve imaging speed by up to 65 times compared to general spontaneous Raman imaging methods. It is simple, fast, and suitable for clinical applications.

Combined Morphological and Spectroscopic Diagnostic of HER2 Expression in Breast Cancer Tissues Based on Label-Free Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering.

Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer type worldwide. Overexpression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is an important subtype of breast cancer and results in an increased risk of recurrence and metastasis in patients. At present, immunohistochemistry (IHC) is used to detect the expression of HER2 in breast cancer tissues as the golden standard. However, IHC has some shortcomings, such as large subjective impact, long time consumption, expensive reagents, etc. In this paper, a combined morphological and spectroscopic diagnostic method based on label-free surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) for HER2 expression in breast cancer is proposed. It can not only quantitively detect HER2 expression in breast cancer tissues by spectroscopic measurements but also give morphological images reflecting the distribution of HER2 in tissues. The results show that the consistency between this method and IHC is 95% and achieves the annotation of tumor regions on tissue sections. This method is time-consuming, quantifiable, intuitive, scalable, and easy to understand. Combined with deep learning approaches, it is expected to promote the development of clinical detection and diagnosis technology for breast cancer and other cancers.

Extracellular vesicles from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells alleviate acute rejection injury after liver transplantation by carrying miR-22-3p and inducing M2 polarization of Kupffer cells.

BACKGROUND: Acute rejection (AR) is a major problem following liver transplantation. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are involved in various pathological processes including liver disease. The present study investigated the effect of EVs derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on AR injury after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) in mice. METHODS: BMSCs and EVs were isolated and identified. The OLT mouse model was established using Kamada's two-cuff method and injection with EVs, followed by liver function detection and measurement of inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-10, interferon-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-α), M1 and M2 markers (tumor necrosis factor-α, inducible nitric oxide synthase, resistin like alpha, and Arg1) were detected. Kupffer cells (KCs) were cultured and treated with lipopolysaccharides. miR-22-3p expression was detected. The effect of EVs-shuttled miR-22-3p on Kupffer cell polarization was studied. Binding relation of miR-22-3p and interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) was verified. The effect of IRF8 on KC polarization was verified. RESULTS: BMSC-EV treatment enhanced liver function of OLT mice and alleviated AR and apoptosis, which were annulled after removing KCs. EVs induced KC M2 polarization. Mechanically, EVs carried miR-22-3p into KCs, upregulated miR-22-3p in KCs, and inhibited IRF8 expression. Upregulation of IRF8 in KCs inhibited EV-induced KC M2 polarization. CONCLUSIONS: BMSCs-EVs carry miR-22-3p into KCs and upregulate miR-22-3p, inhibit IRF8 expression, induce KC M2 polarization, and attenuate AR injury after liver transplantation.

Constructing high-accuracy theoretical Raman spectra of SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins based on a large fragment method.

In order to control COVID-19, rapid and accurate detection of the pathogenic, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is an urgent task. The target spike proteins of SARS-CoV-2 have been detected experimentally via Raman spectroscopy. However, there lacks high-accuracy theoretical Raman spectra of the spike proteins to as a standard reference for the clinic diagnostic purpose. In this paper, we propose a large fragment method to construct the high-precision Raman spectra for the spike proteins. The large fragment method not only reduces the calculation error but also improves the accuracy of the protein Raman spectra by completely calculating the interactions within the large fragment. The Pearson correlation coefficient of theoretical Raman spectra is greater than 0.929 or more. Compared with the experimental spectra, the characteristic patterns are easily visible. This work provides a detection standard for the spike proteins which shall bring a step closer to the fast recognition of SARS-CoV-2 via Raman spectroscopy method.

An analysis of the correlation between diabetic retinopathy and preretinal oxygen tension using three-dimensional spoiled gradient-recalled echo sequence imaging.

BACKGROUND: The aims of this study were to evaluate the levels of preretinal oxygen tension in patients with diabetes who did not have hypertension by using three-dimensional spoiled gradient-recalled (3D-SPGR) echo sequence imaging and to explore the correlation between diabetic retinopathy (DR) and changes in preretinal oxygen tension. METHOD: This study involved 15 patients with type 2 diabetes without hypertension, who were divided into a diabetic retinopathy (DR) group (n = 10 eyes) and a diabetic non-retinopathy (NDR) group (n = 20 eyes), according to the results of a fundus photography test. Another healthy control group (n = 14 eyes) also participated in the study. The preretinal vitreous optic disc area, nasal side, and temporal side signal intensity of the eyes was assessed before and after oxygen inhalation with the use of 3D-SPGR echo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The signal acquisition time was 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 min after oxygen inhalation. RESULTS: The results showed that, in the DR and NDR groups, the preretinal vitreous oxygen tension increased rapidly at 10 min after oxygen inhalation and peaked at 30-40 min, and the increased slope of the DR group was higher than that of the NDR group. The oxygen tension of the preretinal vitreous gradually increased after oxygen inhalation, and the difference between the DR and NDR groups and the control group was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The preretinal vitreous oxygen tension was higher in the optic disc, temporal side, and nasal side in the NDR group than in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The maximum slope ratios of the optic disc and the temporal side of the DR group were greater than those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Three-dimensional-SPGR echo MRI sequencing technology is useful for detecting preretinal oxygen tension levels in patients with diabetes. It can be used as one of the functional and imaging observation indicators for the early diagnosis of DR.

PDK1 Regulates the Maintenance of Cell Body and the Development of Dendrites of Purkinje Cells by pS6 and PKCγ.

3-Phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 (PDK1) plays a critical role in the development of mammalian brain. Here, we investigated the role of PDK1 in Purkinje cells (PCs) by generating the PDK1-conditional knock-out mice (cKO) through crossing PV-cre or Pcp2-cre mice with Pdk1fl/fl mice. The male mice were used in the behavioral testing, and the other experiments were performed on mice of both sexes. These PDK1-cKO mice displayed decreased cerebellar size and impaired motor balance and coordination. By the electrophysiological recording, we observed the reduced spontaneous firing of PCs from the cerebellar slices of the PDK1-cKO mice. Moreover, the cell body size of PCs in the PDK1-cKO mice was time dependently reduced compared with that in the control mice. And the morphologic complexity of PCs was also decreased after PDK1 deletion. These effects may have contributed to the reduction of the rpS6 (reduced ribosomal protein S6) phosphorylation and the PKCγ expression in PDK1-cKO mice since the upregulation of pS6 by treatment of 3-benzyl-5-((2-nitrophenoxy) methyl)-dihydrofuran-2(3H)-1, the agonist of mTOR1, partly rescued the reduction in the cell body size of the PCs, and the delivery of recombinant adeno-associated virus-PKCγ through cerebellar injection rescued the reduced complexity of the dendritic arbor in PDK1-cKO mice. Together, our data suggest that PDK1, by regulating rpS6 phosphorylation and PKCγ expression, controls the cell body maintenance and the dendritic development in PCs and is critical for cerebellar motor coordination.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Here, we show the role of 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 (PDK1) in Purkinje cells (PCs). The ablation of PDK1 in PCs resulted in a reduction of cell body size, and dendritic complexity and abnormal spontaneous firing, which attributes to the motor defects in PDK1-conditional knock-out (cKO) mice. Moreover, the ribosomal protein S6 (rpS6) phosphorylation and the expression of PKCγ are downregulated after the ablation of PDK1. Additionally, upregulation of rpS6 phosphorylation by3-benzyl-5-((2-nitrophenoxy) methyl)-dihydrofuran-2(3H)-1 partly rescued the reduction in cell body size of PCs, and the overexpression of PKCγ in PDK1-KO PCs rescued the reduction in the dendritic complexity. These findings indicate that PDK1 contributes to the maintenance of the cell body and the dendritic development of PCs by regulating rpS6 phosphorylation and PKCγ expression.

Site-Selective Acceptorless Dehydrogenation of Aliphatics Enabled by Organophotoredox/Cobalt Dual Catalysis.

The value of catalytic dehydrogenation of aliphatics (CDA) in organic synthesis has remained largely underexplored. Known homogeneous CDA systems often require the use of sacrificial hydrogen acceptors (or oxidants), precious metal catalysts, and harsh reaction conditions, thus limiting most existing methods to dehydrogenation of non- or low-functionalized alkanes. Here we describe a visible-light-driven, dual-catalyst system consisting of inexpensive organophotoredox and base-metal catalysts for room-temperature, acceptorless-CDA (Al-CDA). Initiated by photoexited 2-chloroanthraquinone, the process involves H atom transfer (HAT) of aliphatics to form alkyl radicals, which then react with cobaloxime to produce olefins and H2. This operationally simple method enables direct dehydrogenation of readily available chemical feedstocks to diversely functionalized olefins. For example, we demonstrate, for the first time, the oxidant-free desaturation of thioethers and amides to alkenyl sulfides and enamides, respectively. Moreover, the system's exceptional site selectivity and functional group tolerance are illustrated by late-stage dehydrogenation and synthesis of 14 biologically relevant molecules and pharmaceutical ingredients. Mechanistic studies have revealed a dual HAT process and provided insights into the origin of reactivity and site selectivity.

On-Site Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Antigen by Deep Learning-Based Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy and Its Biochemical Foundations.

A rapid, on-site, and accurate SARS-CoV-2 detection method is crucial for the prevention and control of the COVID-19 epidemic. However, such an ideal screening technology has not yet been developed for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2. Here, we have developed a deep learning-based surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy technique for the sensitive, rapid, and on-site detection of the SARS-CoV-2 antigen in the throat swabs or sputum from 30 confirmed COVID-19 patients. A Raman database based on the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 was established from experiments and theoretical calculations. The corresponding biochemical foundation for this method is also discussed. The deep learning model could predict the SARS-CoV-2 antigen with an identification accuracy of 87.7%. These results suggested that this method has great potential for the diagnosis, monitoring, and control of SARS-CoV-2 worldwide.

Use of 3D Printing to Guide Creation of Fenestrations in Physician-Modified Stent-Grafts for Treatment of Thoracoabdominal Aortic Disease.

Purpose: To summarize the experience and outcomes of total endovascular repair of thoracoabdominal aortic disease using 3-dimensional (3D) printed models to guide on-site creation of fenestrations in aortic stent-grafts. Materials and Methods: From April 2018 to March 2019, 34 patients (mean age 58±14 years; 24 men) with thoracoabdominal aortic disease were treated in our department. Nineteen patients had thoracoabdominal aortic dissection and 15 had thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm. Preoperatively, a 3D printed model of the aorta was made according to computed tomography images. In the operating room, the main aortic stent-graft was completely released in the 3D printed model, and the position of each fenestration or branch was marked on the stent-graft. The fenestrations were then made using an electric pen. Wires were sewn to the edge of the fenestrations using nonabsorbable sutures. After customization, the aortic stent-graft was reloaded into the delivery sheath and deployed. Results: The printing process took ~5 hours (1 hour for image reconstruction, 3 hours for printing, and 1 hour for postprocessing). The physician-modified stent-grafts had a total of 107 fenestrations secured by 102 bridging stent-grafts, including 73 covered stents and 29 bare stents. The average procedure time was 5.6±1.2 hours, including a mean 1.3 hours for stent-graft customization. No renal insufficiency or paraplegia occurred. Two branch arteries were lost during the operation. One patient (3%) died 1 week after surgery from a retrograde dissection rupture. One patient developed a minor cerebral infarction postoperatively. The mean follow-up time was 8.5 months. There was 1 endoleak from a fenestration (coil embolized) and 4 distal ruptures of the aortic dissection (3 treated and 1 observed). Conclusion: Three-dimensional printing can be used to guide creation of fenestrated stent-grafts for the treatment of thoracoabdominal aortic diseases involving crucial branches. This technique appears to be more accurate than the traditional measurement method, with short-term follow-up demonstrating the safety and reliability of the method. However, further research and development are needed.

LncRNA MIAT Promotes Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Sepsis-Induced Cardiac Injury by Targeting miR-330-5p/TRAF6/NF-κB Axis.

Sepsis is a whole-body inflammation and main cause of death in intensive care units worldwide. We aimed to investigate the roles of lncRNA MIAT and miR-330-5p in modulating inflammatory responses and oxidative stress in lipopolysachariden (LPS)-induced septic cardiomyopathy. Serum and heart tissue were collected from in vivo septic mice model, ELISA and qRT-PCR were used to measure the expression of pro-inflammation cytokines, MIAT and miR-330-5p, respectively. The knockdown of MIAT and overexpression of miR-330-5p were conducted to assess their effects on regulating inflammation response and intracellular oxidative stress in LPS-stimulated HL-1 cells. The reactive oxygen (ROS) level, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), GSH/GSSH ratio, and lipid peroxidation assessment (MDA) were used to evaluate the intracellular oxidative stress. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to identify the association between MIAT and miR-330-5p, TRAF6 and miR-330-5p, respectively. In septic mice, the expression of MIAT and pro-inflammation cytokines was elevated while the expression of miR-330-5p decreased. Knockdown of MIAT or overexpression of miR-330-5p restrained inflammation and oxidative stress induced by LPS in vitro; MIAT directly targeted miR-330-5p to regulate NF-κB signaling, and miR-330-5p targeted against TRAF6 to suppress the activation of NF-κB signaling. We determined that lncRNA MIAT directly binds to miR-330-5p to activate TRAF6/NF-κB signaling axis and further promotes inflammation response as well as oxidative stress in LPS-induced septic cardiomyopathy. This finding suggests the potential therapeutic role of lncRNA MIAT and miR-330-5p in LPS-induced myocardial injury.

Unique Zigzag-Shaped Buckling Zn2C Monolayer with Strain-Tunable Band Gap and Negative Poisson Ratio.

Designing new materials with reduced dimensionality and distinguished properties has continuously attracted intense interest for materials innovation. Here we report a novel two-dimensional (2D) Zn2C monolayer nanomaterial with exceptional structure and properties by means of first-principles calculations. This new Zn2C monolayer is composed of quasi-tetrahedral tetracoordinate carbon and quasi-linear bicoordinate zinc, featuring a peculiar zigzag-shaped buckling configuration. The unique coordinate topology endows this natural 2D semiconducting monolayer with strongly strain tunable band gap and unusual negative Poisson ratios. The monolayer has good dynamic and thermal stabilities and is also the lowest-energy structure of 2D space indicated by the particle-swarm optimization (PSO) method, implying its synthetic feasibility. With these intriguing properties the material may find applications in nanoelectronics and micromechanics.

Suppression of magnetoresistance in PtSe2 microflakes with antidot arrays.

Suppression of magnetoresistance (MR) is meaningful for sensor applications to immure magnetic fields. Herein, we report the observation of suppressed MR in PtSe2 microflakes by introducing the antidot arrays (AAs). We have compared the magnetotransport properties of PtSe2 microflakes before and after milling of AAs. The enhanced resistivity and notable MR suppression were observed while the AAs are milled in the PtSe2 microflakes. Their physical mechanism has been ascribed to the enhanced electron scattering rate due to the additional electron-antidot interactions. This work gave an example to suppress MR in materials by introducing AAs, which may be useful for sensor applications in magnetic fields.

Metal-semiconductor transition of two-dimensional Mg2C monolayer induced by biaxial tensile strain.

Designing new two-dimensional (2D) materials with novel band topologies has continuously attracted intense interest in fundamental science and potential applications. Here, we report a unique 2D Mg2C monolayer featuring quasi-planar hexa-coordinate magnesium and hexa-coordinate carbon, which can be tuned from a metal to a semiconductor. The system has been studied using density functional theory, including electronic structure calculations and molecular dynamics simulations. In the freestanding state, the Mg2C monolayer behaves as a weak metal; however, by increasing the biaxial tensile strains, it can gradually be modulated to a gapless semimetal and then to a semiconductor. The Mg2C monolayer exhibits excellent dynamic and thermal stabilities and is also the global minimum of the 2D Mg2C system, implying the feasibility of its experimental synthesis. With unique band structures, the material may find applications in optoelectronics and electromechanics.

The effectiveness of long-needle acupuncture at acupoints BL30 and BL35 for CP/CPPS: a randomized controlled pilot study.

BACKGROUND: The chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is one of the commonest chronic inflammatory diseases in adult men, for which acupuncture has been used to relieve related symptoms. The present study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of the long-needle acupuncture on CP/CPPS. METHODS: A randomized traditional acupuncture-controlled single blind study was conducted on 77 patients who were randomized into long-needle acupuncture (LA) and traditional acupuncture (TA) groups. The patients received six sessions of acupuncture for 2 weeks and a follow-up was scheduled at week 24. The primary outcome was measured by the total National Institutes of Health-Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI) score at week 2. Four domains of the NIH-CPSI (urination, pain or discomfort, effects of symptoms, and quality of life) and the clinical efficacy score served as the secondary outcome. RESULTS: The total NIH-CPSI score at week 2 and week 24 was significantly improved in the LA group compared with the TA group. LA significantly improved urination, pain or discomfort, the effects of symptoms, and the quality of life at week 2 and week 24 and patients undergoing LA treatment had a higher clinical efficacy score. CONCLUSION: Needling at the BL30 and BL35 using LA benefits patients with CP/CPPS. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Register ( ChiCTR-ICR-15006138 ).

Nickel-Catalyzed Hydroacylation of Styrenes with Simple Aldehydes: Reaction Development and Mechanistic Insights.

The first nickel-catalyzed intermolecular hydroacylation reaction of alkenes with simple aldehydes has been developed. This reaction offers a new approach to the selective preparation of branched ketones in high yields (up to 99%) and branched selectivities (up to 99:1). Experimental data provide evidence for reversible formation of acyl-nickel-alkyl intermediate, and DFT calculations show that the aldehyde C-H bond transfer to a coordinated alkene without oxidative addition is involved. The origin of the reactivity and regioselectivity of this reaction was also investigated computationally, which are consistent with experimental observations.

Low energy conformations and gas-phase acidity and basicity of pyrrolysine.

The gas-phase conformational potential energy surfaces (PES) of the last, 22nd amino acid pyrrolysine and related derivatives (neutral, deprotonated, and protonated) were extensively searched for the first time. By considering all possible combinations of the single-bond rotational degrees of freedom with a semiempirical and ab initio combined computational approach, a large set of unique low-energy conformers was identified for each pyrrolysine species, and essential properties such as vibrational frequencies, dipole moments, rotational constants, and intramolecular hydrogen bonding configurations were presented and characterized. The conformational electronic energies and thermochemical properties of proton affinity/dissociation energy (PA/PDE) and gas-phase acidity/basicity (GA/GB) were determined by the density functional BHandHLYP, B3LYP, and M062X, and Møller-Plesset MP2 methods. The MP2 and DFT methods are found to predict disparate PES for neutral and protonated conformations and sufficiently different thermochemical data. The measurements of dipole moments and characteristic IR modes at low temperature as well as GA/GB are demonstrated to be feasible approaches to verify the theoretical predictions.

Recent Advances in Reversible Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier Systems: From Hydrogen Carriers to Catalysts.

Liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHCs) have gained significant attention for large-scale hydrogen storage due to their remarkable gravimetric hydrogen storage capacity (HSC) and compatibility with existing oil and gas transportation networks for long-distance transport. However, the practical application of reversible LOHC systems has been constrained by the intrinsic thermodynamic properties of hydrogen carriers and the performances of associated catalysts in the (de)hydrogenation cycles. To overcome these challenges, thermodynamically favored carriers, high-performance catalysts, and catalytic procedures need to be developed. Here, significant advances in recent years have been summarized, primarily centered on regular LOHC systems catalyzed by homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts, including dehydrogenative aromatization of cycloalkanes to arenes and N-heterocyclics to N-heteroarenes, as well as reverse hydrogenation processes. Furthermore, with the development of metal complexes for dehydrogenative coupling, a new family of reversible LOHC systems based on alcohols is described that can release H2 under relatively mild conditions. Finally, views on the next steps and challenges in the field of LOHC technology are provided, emphasizing new resources for low-cost hydrogen carriers, high-performance catalysts, catalytic technologies, and application scenarios.

Boron dopant- and nitrogen defect-decorated C3N5 porous nanostructure as an efficient sulfur host for lithium-sulfur batteries.

Active site implantation and morphology manipulation are efficient protocols for boosting the electrochemical performance of carbon nitrides. As a promising sulfur host for lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs), in this study, C3N5 porous nanostructure incorporated with both boron (B) atoms and nitrogen (N) defects was constructed (denoted as ND-B-C3N5) using a two-step strategy, i.e., pyrolysis of the mixture of 3-amino-1,2, 4-triazole and boric acid to obtain B-doped C3N5 porous nanostructure and then KOH etching under hydrothermal condition to generate N defects. The doped B atoms in the C3N5 porous nanostructure are in the form of B-N bonds and grafted B-O bonds. N defects are primarily created at the CN-C positions of the triazine unit, leaving behind some N vacancies and cyano groups. Benefiting from the involvement of B dopants and N defects, the optimized ND-B-C3N5-12 sample exhibits ameliorative conductivity, mass transport, lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) adsorption ability, diffusion of Li+ ions, Li2S deposition capacity, sulfur redox polarization, and a reversible solid-solid sulfur redox process. Consequently, the ND-B-C3N5-12/S cathode delivers accelerated redox performance of polysulfides for LSBs, revealing capacities of 1091 ± 44 and 753 ± 20 mAh/g at 0.2C for the initial and 300th cycles, respectively. The ND-B-C3N5-12/S cathode is also endowed with desired sulfur redox activity and stability at 2C for 1000 cycles, holding an initial discharging capacity of 788 ± 24 mAh/g and a low decay rate of 0.05 % per cycle.

An electron density clustering based adaptive segmentation method for protein Raman spectrum calculation.

Raman spectroscopy is a powerful technique for protein detection, but the calculation of Raman spectrum is a longstanding challenging problem due to the large sizes and complex structures of protein molecules. Dividing proteins into fragments can greatly accelerate the calculation, but this usually introduces large errors originating from ignored interactions between fragments into obtained spectra. In this paper, we proposed a new adaptive segmentation method based on the strength of interactions and molecular shapes and structures, i.e., electron density clustering, to divide proteins. It can reduce errors of obtained Raman spectra by about 20% compared to the uniform segmentation method without a significant increase in computational cost. This method can facilitate the validation and analysis of detected Raman spectra of proteins and promote the application of Raman spectroscopy in biological detection.

Efficient synthesis and anti-fungal activity of oleanolic acid oxime esters.

In order to develop potential glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase inhibitors and anti-fungal agents, twenty five oleanolic acid oxime esters were synthesized in an efficient way. The structures of the new compounds were confirmed by MS, HRMS, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. Preliminary studies based on means of the Elson-Morgan method indicated that many compounds exhibited some inhibitory activity of glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase (GlmS), and the original fungicidal activities results showed that some of the compounds exhibited good fungicidal activities towards Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary, Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn and Botrytis cinerea Pers at the concentration of 50 µg/mL. These compounds would thus merit further study and development as antifungal agents.