Evaluation of mechanical, optical, and fluoride-releasing properties of a translucent bulk fill glass hybrid restorative dental material.

OBJECTIVE: Measure and compare the mechanical properties, translucency, and fluoride-releasing capabilities of EQUIA Forte HT against Fuji IX GP and ChemFil Rock. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten specimens of each material were fabricated for compressive strength (CS), flexural strength (FS), and surface hardness analysis at 24 h and 7 days. The L*a*b* values were measured against a black-and-white background using a spectrophotometer to analyze the translucency parameter (TP). Fluoride release was recorded after 2 months of immersion in distilled water. The mean data was analyzed by 1- and 2-way ANOVA (α = 0.5). RESULTS: EQUIA Forte HT showed higher CS, surface hardness, and FS values (p < 0.05) compared with Fuji IX GIC, while no significant difference was found in FS values between EQUIA Forte HT and Chemfil Rock (p > 0.05). The EQUIA Forte HT exhibited significantly higher translucency in comparison to both ChemFil Rock (p < 0.001) and Fuji IX GICs (p < 0.05). An increase (p > 0.05) of fluoride release was observed for EQUIA Forte HT. CONCLUSION: The EQUIA Forte HT Glass-ionomer cements (GIC) offers enhanced translucency, improved strength, and enhanced fluoride-releasing properties compared to the traditionally used Fuji IX GIC and ChemFil Rock GICs. This material might have a wide range of clinical applications due to its improved strength and optical properties. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Glass-ionomer dental restorative materials possess unique advantageous characteristics. However, its poor mechanical and optical properties have typically limited its clinical applications. Efforts to improve these properties have resulted in enhanced GICs. EQUIA Forte HT GIC offers enhanced mechanical and optical properties with potential applications in posterior and anterior restorative procedures.

Noncarious cervical lesions in the aging population analyzed through digital scanning: occlusal risk factors, dimensions, and morphology.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate noncarious cervical lesions (NCCL) in older adults by analyzing each lesion's morphology, dimension, and occlusal risk factors using intraoral scanning and clinical evaluation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Individuals over 60 treated at the School of Dentistry in Minas Gerais, Brazil, were invited to participate in this cross-sectional study. We clinically evaluated 1245 teeth for the presence of NCCL and dentin hypersensitivity (DH) in 53 individuals. Three-dimensional models were obtained using Omnicam, and occlusal risk factors were evaluated through the presence of wear facets, intense occlusal contacts, and interferences. The 3Shape 3DViewer software was used to classify NCCL morphology and to measure their height. NCCL depth, width, and area measurements were determined using ImageJ. Descriptive analyses were performed. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test showed that quantitative data exhibited non-normal distribution. For bivariate analyses of quantitative data, the Mann-Whitney test was employed. The results were reported with mean, standard deviation, median, minimum, and maximum. For bivariate analyses of categorical data, the Pearson chi-square test was used. The results were reported with frequencies (counts) and percentages. A regression model evaluating the association between occlusal risk factors and the absence/presence of NCCL was built. RESULTS: Most participants were female (58.5%), with a mean age of 66. The frequency of NCCL was 28.27%, corresponding to 352 teeth. Of these, 68.18% exhibited saucer morphology and 31.82% wedge-shaped morphology. The frequency of DH was 13.92% in teeth with NCCL. Saucer NCCL exhibited significantly greater height (p = 0.02), while wedge-shaped lesions showed greater depth (p < 0.001). Also, teeth with NCCL had a higher proportion of wear facets (66.8%; p < 0.001), intense occlusal contacts (39.8%; p = 0.008), and occlusal interferences (21.9%; p = 0.05). The regression model showed that teeth with wear facets were 1.50 times more likely to exhibit NCCL than teeth without wear facets (p < 0.001). Teeth with intense occlusal contact were 1.22 times more likely to exhibit NCCL than teeth without intense occlusal contact (p = 0.031). CONCLUSIONS: NCCL is a common dental condition in the older adults evaluated in this study. Wedge-shaped NCCL exhibited greater depth, while saucer NCCL had more expressive height. Occlusal risk factors may represent a crucial mechanism for the occurrence of NCCL in this population. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Understanding the mechanisms involved in developing NCCL is helpful in diagnostic and preventive practices. The study showed the importance of dental occlusion and characteristics of different NCCL morphologies that help the clinician in decision-making.