The inferior petrosal sinus: a comprehensive review with emphasis on clinical implications.

INTRODUCTION: The inferior petrosal sinus is an important component of the cerebral venous system with implications in diagnosis and treatment of a variety of diseases such as Cushing's disease, carotid cavernous, and dural arteriovenous fistulas. METHODS: This manuscript will review the anatomy, embryology, and clinical implications of the inferior petrosal sinus. CONCLUSIONS: Knowledge of the inferior petrosal sinus is of great importance for open surgical approaches to the skull base and endovascular access to the cavernous sinus and sellar region.

Anillo vaginal anticonceptivo como factor de riesgo de tromboembolia pulmonar / No disponible

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[Substitution of the superior sagittal sinus by the Gore-Tex artificial prosthesis in experimental animals]. / Sinus sagittalis superior-Ersatz mittels Gore-Tex-Prothese im Tierversuch (2. Mitteilung).

The first animal experiments for substituting the superior sagittal sinus by Gore-Tex prosthesis were carried out. The sufficiency of the prosthesis was documented in two pigs after overcoming technical and anesthesiological problems.

A study of the junction between the straight sinus and the great cerebral vein.

In the present study 20 human brains were used to verify the presence of a small body projecting into the floor of the straight sinus at its junction with the great cerebral vein. The elevation could be identified at the anterior end of the floor of the straight sinus with an empty cavity underlying it. Histologically, the elevation was found to consist of interwoven bundles of collagen fibres covered by vascular endothelium continuous with that of the straight sinus. The importance of such an elevation in the regulation of blood flow from the great cerebral vein to the straight sinus is discussed from a hydrodynamic point of view.

Endocranial traits. Prevalence and distribution in a recent human population

A recent human population from Italy was analysed for the prevalence and expression of endocranial characters, as well as for the presence of some ectocranial epigenetic traits. The purpose was to provide a supplementary database for the characterisation of some features used to compare the variability of extant and extinct human groups. Many differences between males and females are the result of allometric trajectories, with males shifted to a larger size. In contrast, other features may be unrelated to size and thus interpreted as real sexual characters. The cranial base angle is slightly but significantly related to size, particularly to the vertical skull development. The digital impressions are more expressed in males but there is no evidence of a correlation with size. Arachnoid granulations show no relationship with sex, age or size. The middle meningeal vessels are extremely variable but with a general dominance of the anterior branch providing the parietal supply, and with the left system slightly more developed than the right. The middle meningeal pattern is not related to the venous sinuses pattern. Some further aspects of the expression of these features are discussed, and data for the prevalence of epigenetic traits are reported (AU)

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