RESUMO
Bronchial asthma is a chronic airway inflammatory disease that involves various immune cells. As the main roles in asthma immune mechanism, T lymphocytes [T helper type 1(Th1) cells, Th2 cells, Th17 cells, regulatory T cells (Tregs), T follicular helper (Tfh) cells and cytotoxic T (Tc) cells], innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), B cells, granulocytes (mast cells, eosinophils, basophils, neutrophils), macrophages as well as dendritic cells (DC) are activated by allergens and secrete their own specific cytokines. They interact with each other in function and form a complex asthma-related immune cell interaction network system. Asthma-related immune cells participate in the pathogenesis of asthma by conducting multi-target and multi-link dynamic regulation of immune mechanism through the innate and acquired immunity, cellular and humoral immunity. It needs to be further studied that the immunosuppressive effects of Tregs, Bregs, macrophages and dendritic cells, which are expected to become important targets for the treatment of asthma and development of new drugs.