Autologous Fat Transfer for Breast Augmentation: A Review.

BACKGROUND: The use of autologous fat transfer for breast augmentation is still controversial due to ongoing concerns regarding its efficacy and safety, most notably, concerns about breast cancer risk and detection. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the current knowledge on the safety and efficacy of autologous fat transfer for breast augmentation with focus on clinical techniques, outcome, and complications. METHODS: A thorough search of the literature was conducted using the terms autologous fat transfer, autologous fat grafting, and breast augmentation in the Medline and Embase databases, and relevant English and German language articles were included. RESULTS: Findings were categorized in a step-by-step approach to the fat grafting procedure divided into technique (harvesting, processing, and injection), postoperative care, graft viability enhancement, outcome, complications, and breast cancer risk. CONCLUSION: Autologous fat transfer for breast augmentation is not yet standardized. Therefore, outcomes vary widely depending on the surgeon's expertise. The majority of reported complications are of low morbidity, and based on available data, the procedure has a good long-term safety profile. Although there is no evidence that fat grafting increases breast malignancy risk, long-term follow-up is required.

Laser safety in isotretinoin use: online survey of public perception.

BACKGROUND: The safety of laser therapy in patients taking isotretinoin is controversial. Recent evidence suggests that laser during isotretinoin treatment is safe. Our study aims to assess public perception and willingness to undergo laser intervention while receiving isotretinoin. METHODS: An online-based cross-sectional survey was conducted between November 2019 and March 2020. Information on participants knowledge about isotretinoin precautions with laser therapy and their willingness to undergo laser intervention while on isotretinoin therapy was collected. RESULTS: Out of 509 respondents, almost one-third used laser therapy while on isotretinoin treatment. Those who did not use laser therapy most commonly attributed to isotretinoin treatment (43%). Forty-two percent of participants thought that laser therapy while on isotretinoin is harmful. Almost half of the participants were aware that current guidelines recommend waiting for six months after isotretinoin. Nearly, half of the participants decided to postpone laser therapy for acne scars even after knowing that recent studies reported the safety of laser therapy for acne scars while on isotretinoin. CONCLUSION: Even with the knowledge of recent safety data of laser during isotretinoin therapy, a significant proportion of patients are still concerned about potential complications. Increasing awareness regarding the safety of laser skin therapy during isotretinoin treatment might be needed.

Purpura induced by laser hair removal: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Laser hair removal is an effective and safe method for the permanent reduction of unwanted hair. Common side effects include temporary pain, transient erythema, and perifollicular edema. Purpuric eruption is a rare adverse event. CASE PRESENTATION: To the best of our knowledge, this is the second case report of purpura induced by laser hair removal. Our patient is a 50-year-old woman of Arab origin. Her positive reaction to a laser hair removal provocation test helped in the diagnosis; her condition was managed with an orally administered corticosteroid, leading to complete resolution within 5 days. CONCLUSION: Purpura induced by laser hair removal is a self-limiting and unusual side effect; physicians' awareness of such adverse events can help them to avoid unnecessary investigations and provide guidance for better management.

A sporadic case of unilateral acrokeratoelastoidosis in Saudi Arabia: a case report.

INTRODUCTION: Acrokeratoelastoidosis is a rare condition characterized by bilateral multiple hyperkeratotic papules on the palms, soles, and dorsum of the hands and feet. To the best of our knowledge, only around 40 cases of acrokeratoelastoidosis have been reported worldwide, which are mostly familial. CASE PRESENTATION: We report the first case from Saudi Arabia in a 5-year-old Saudi girl of Arabian origin, who presented symptoms of acrokeratoelastoidosis with unilateral sporadic keratosis on her left hand and left foot. We also review the clinical and histopathologic features, etiology, differential diagnosis and its treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Given the rarity of acrokeratoelastoidosis, little is known about the disease. Further studies are required to understand the pathogenesis of the disease for better treatment options. Additional case reports of acrokeratoelastoidosis will help in recognizing risk factors, patient characteristics, environmental influences and possibly new etiological factors.

Sedative Drug Use among King Saud University Medical Students: A Cross-Sectional Sampling Study.

Introduction. Medical students experience significant psychological stress and are therefore at higher risk of using sedatives. There are currently no studies describing the prevalence of sedative drug use among medical students in Saudi Arabia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and factors associated with sedative drug use among medical students in Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods. A cross-sectional convenience sampling study gathered data by anonymous questionnaire from students enrolled at the King Saud University College of Medicine in 2011. The questionnaires collected data regarding social and demographic variables, sleep patterns, and the use of stimulant and sedative drugs since enrollment. Sedatives were defined as any pharmaceutical preparations that induce sleep. Results and Discussion. Of the 729 students who returned questionnaires, 17.0% reported sedative drug use at some time since enrollment. Higher academic year, lower grade point average, regular exercise, fewer hours of sleep per day, poorer quality of sleep, and the presence of sleeping disorders were found to be significantly associated with sedative drug use. Conclusions. Further study is required to increase our understanding of sedative drug use patterns in this relatively high-risk group, as such understanding will help in the development of early intervention programs.