Effects of LED photobiomodulation therapy on the subcutaneous fatty tissue of obese individuals - histological and immunohistochemical analysis.

Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) has become an adjuvant therapeutic possibility in body remodeling procedures. Given this scenario, this study was proposed with the aim of evaluating the effects of PBMT to Light Emitting Diode (LED) associating the red (630 nm) and infrared (850 nm) wavelengths in the subcutaneous fatty tissue. This controlled study of comparative intervention that evaluated a sample of subcutaneous fatty tissue from women with grade II obesity. The participants received the LED PBMT treatment with associated red and infrared wavelengths sequentially on the left side of the abdomen and the right side was considered as control, with the collection of biological material performed at the time of bariatric surgery. For histological and immunohistochemical evaluation, Caspase 3, Cleaved Caspase 3, CD68+, HSL and adipophilin markers were used. The participants showed positivity in the expression of Caspase 3 and Cleaved Caspase (p < .0001), CD68+ macrophages (p < .0001), HSL (p < .0001) and adipophilin (p < .0013) in the intervention sample when compared to the control. PBMT and LED associating red and infrared wavelengths were able to promote autophagic lipolysis induced by adipocyte cell apoptosis in the subcutaneous tissue of obese individuals.

Effectiveness and Safety of Contrast Cryolipolysis for Subcutaneous-Fat Reduction.

Cryolipolysis is the noninvasive treatment of localized fat through cold-induced panniculitis. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of contrast cryolipolysis for subcutaneous-fat reduction. Contrast cryolipolysis mixes the principles of conventional cryolipolysis and periods of heating in accordance with the contrast lipocryolysis process. Twenty-one subjects aged 34 ± 9 years were treated with contrast cryolipolysis in the regions of abdomen and flanks through the Polarys® device. Anthropometry, standardized photographs, measurements with a skinfold caliper, and diagnostic ultrasounds were performed at the baseline and during follow-ups at 30, 60, and 90 days after the treatment. The safety assessments included laboratory testing and monitoring of the adverse events. The level of significance for all tests was set at P < 0.05. No significant differences in weight and body mass index were found. The waist measurements at the baseline and 30-day follow-up had significant differences, as did the measurements at the 30-day and 60-day follow-ups. The skinfold and ultrasound measurements were significantly reduced in the treated areas in all the time points compared to the baseline. The laboratory results showed no significant changes from baseline. Temporary adverse effects were resolved spontaneously. This study confirmed that contrast cryolipolysis is safe and effective in reducing the fat layer and improving body contouring.