Validation of living with chronic illness scale in a type 2 diabetes mellitus population.

BACKGROUND: Worldwide, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases and one of those producing greatest impact on patients' day-to-day quality of life. Our study aim is to validate the "Living with Chronic Illness Scale" for a Spanish-speaking T2DM population. METHODS: In this observational, international, cross-sectional study, 582 persons with T2DM were recruited in primary care and outpatient hospital consultations, in Spain and Colombia, during the period from May 2018 to June 2019. The properties analysed were feasibility/acceptability, internal consistency, reliability, precision and (structural) content-construct validity including confirmatory factor analysis. The COSMIN checklist was used to assess the methodological/psychometric quality of the instrument. RESULTS: The scale had an adequate internal consistency and test retest reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.90; intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.96, respectively). In addition, the instrument is precise (standard error of measurement = 3.34, with values < ½SD = 8.52) and correlates positively with social support (DUFSS) (rs = 0.56), quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF) (rs = 0.51-0.30) and ssatisfaction with life (SLS-6) (rs = 0.50-0.38). The original 26-items version of the scale did not support totally the confirmatory factor analysis. The COSMIN checklist is favourable for all the properties analysed, although weaknesses are detected for structural validity. CONCLUSIONS: The LW-CI-T2DM is a valid, reliable and accurate instrument for use in clinical practice to determine how a person's life is affected by the presence of diabetes. This instrument correlates well with the associated constructs of social support, quality of life and satisfaction. Additional research is needed to determine how well the questionnaire structure performs when robust factor analysis methods are applied.

Effects of the discharge plan on the caregiving load of people with chronic disease: Quasi-experimental study.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of an anticipated care plan, structured around hospital discharge (PC-AH-US), regarding the caregiving load of people with NTCD residing in Colombia, 2019-2021. METHOD: This is a quasi-experimental study with pre- and post-intervention measurements. It includes 1170 participants who represented 585 chronic disease patient-caregiver pairs. We compared the PC-AH-US intervention, to the regular intervention. RESULTS: The PC-AH-US intervention group showed better results in all dimensions when compared to the regular intervention group: Awareness 8.7 (SD: 0.7) and 6.8 (SD: 1.7); Acknowledgement of their unique conditions 11.3 (SD: 1.0) and 9.4 (SD: 1.8); Capacity to fulfill care tasks 8.8 (SD: 0.7) and 7.5 (SD: 1.5); Wellbeing 11.4 (SD: 0.90) and 8.87 (SD: 2.3); Anticipation 5.88 (SD: 0.4) and 4.7 (SD: 1.1) and Support Network 11.4 (SD: 0.8) and 9.9 (SD: 2.5). CONCLUSION: The PC-AH-US intervention group showed a statistically significant decrease in the caregiving load for people with NTCD (p < 00). There were no significant institutional differences in readmissions or deaths. The PC-AH-US intervention backs institutional policies meant to care for people with NTCD.

Preliminary Effectiveness of a Strategy to Promote Healthy Lifestyle Habits in Schoolchildren.

PURPOSE: To measure the preliminary effectiveness of a strategy to promote healthy lifestyle habits in schoolchildren, aged 6 to 12 years, living in the Andean region of Colombia, 2018-2021. DESIGN AND METHODS: This is a Nursing Methodological Research, developed in phases: (1) Context and schoolchildren characterization; (2) Strategy design guided by the Whittemore and Grey criteria and the Bronfenbrenner ecological conceptual model; (3) Strategy validation with 11 experts; (4) Trial to evaluate preliminary effectiveness. We applied the strategy in seven different schools with the educational community including 955 schoolchildren between 6 and 12 years of age, 551 parents, 130 teachers and 7 members of the food staff. RESULTS: Our health promotion strategy "Prosalud" has five components: citizenship feeding and nutrition, physical activity, and rest; environment protection, and directing one's own life. It includes all the participants of the educational community. CONCLUSIONS: According to experts, the health promotion strategy "Prosalud" is valid to help promoting healthy lifestyle habits among schoolchildren. This strategy demonstrates its preliminary effectiveness in a group of school children from 6 to 12 years of age, their parents, teachers, and school food staff, in the Andean region of Colombia.

Psychometric Validation of the Living with Chronic Illness Scale in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure.

It is necessary to develop self-reported instruments that evaluate the process of living with chronic heart failure (HF) holistically. The Living with Chronic Illness Scale-HF (LW-CI-HF) is the only available tool to evaluate how patients are living with HF. The aim is to analyse the psychometric properties of the LW-CI scale in the HF population. An international, cross-sectional validation study was carried out in 603 patients living with HF from Spain and Colombia. The variables measured were living with HF, perceived social support, satisfaction with life, quality of life and global impression of severity. The LW-CI-HF scale presented good data quality and acceptability. All domains showed high internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha coefficient ≥ 0.7. The intraclass correlation coefficient for the total score was satisfactory (0.9) in test-retest reliability. The LW-CI-HF correlated 0.7 with social support and quality of life measures. Standard error of measurement was 6.5 for total scale. The LW-CI-HF scale is feasible, reliable and valid. However, results should be taken with caution in order to be used in clinical practice to evaluate the complex process of living with HF. Further research is proposed.

International psychometric validation of the Living with Chronic Illness Scale in Spanish-speaking patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

OBJECTIVES: To validate the Living with Chronic Illness (LW-CI) Scale in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). DESIGN: Observational, cross-sectional validation study with retest. Acceptability, reliability, precision and construct validity were tested. SETTING: The study took place in primary and secondary specialised units of public and private hospitals of Spain and Colombia. PARTICIPANTS: The study included 612 patients with COPD assessed from May 2018 to May 2019. A consecutive cases sampling was done. Inclusion criteria included: (A) patients with a diagnosis of COPD; (B) native Spanish speaking; (C) able to read and understand questionnaires; and (D) able to provide informed consent. Exclusion criteria included: (A) cognitive deterioration and (B) pharmacological effect or disorder that could disrupt the assessment. RESULTS: The LW-CI-COPD presented satisfactory data quality, with no missing data or floor/ceiling effects, showing high internal consistency for all the domains (Cronbach's alpha for the total score 0.92). Test-retest reliability was satisfactory (intraclass correlation coefficient=0.92). The LW-CI-COPD correlated 0.52-0.64 with quality of life and social support measures. The scale demonstrated satisfactory known-groups validity, yielding significantly different scores in patients grouped according to COPD severity levels. CONCLUSIONS: This has been the first validation study of the LW-CI-COPD. It is a feasible, reliable, valid and precise self-reported scale to measure living with COPD in the Spanish-speaking population. Therefore, it could be recommended for research and clinical practice to measure this concept and evaluate the impact of centred-care interdisciplinary interventions based on the patients' perspective, focused on providing holistic and comprehensive care to patients with COPD.

Preparation for Motherhood during Pregnancy: a Concept Analysis.

OBJECTIVES: This work sought to identify the attributes of the concept of preparation for motherhood during pregnancy. METHODS: Concept analysis with the method by Walker and Avant, which conducted a literature review in databases and other sources. Inclusion criteria were defined and a database was created with the articles included for the analysis. The information was integrated, responding to the eight steps proposed in the method. RESULTS: The concept of preparation for motherhood during pregnancy is defined as an intermediate process of active and conscious participation defined by the cultural, social, and historical contexts, which favor lifestyle changes to optimize health and whose attributes are classified into physical and psychological preparation. CONCLUSIONS: The attributes identified contribute to understanding the preparation for motherhood during gestation as a multidimensional concept. These results could be used to design care actions to evaluate pregnant women and prescribe nursing care beyond purely biomedical issues.

Investigación en el Grupo de Cuidado de Enfermería ­ UniSabana y Aquichan: trayectoria y retos / Research in the Nursing Care Group - UniSabana and Aquichan: Track Record and Challenges / Pesquisa no Grupo de Cuidado de Enfermagem ­ UniSabana e Aquichan: trajetória e desafios

El Grupo de Cuidado de Enfermería - UniSabana busca generar conocimiento científico que, alineado con las prioridades nacionales y mundiales de atención e investigación, favorezca la comprensión de las condiciones que afectan la salud de la población y el desarrollo de intervenciones de enfermería simples y complejas. Así mismo, en el marco del trabajo interdisciplinario, internacional e intersectorial, el grupo se orienta a transferir dicho conocimiento con el objeto de fundamentar la práctica en los diferentes escenarios del ejercicio profesional y transformar la experiencia del cuidado de la salud de las personas en favor de su bienestar y calidad de vida. Así mismo, la revista Aquichan, como publicación científica, garantiza la calidad de sus procesos editoriales con el fin de aportar a la visibilidad del conocimiento de la enfermería y con la ilusión de que este sea replicado a fin de promover el desarrollo teórico e investigativo de la disciplina.

The Nursing Care Group - UniSabana seeks to produce scientific knowledge that, aligned with national and global care and research priorities, favors the understanding of the conditions that adversely affect the population's health and the development of simple and complex nursing interventions. In the framework of interdisciplinary, international, and intersectoral endeavors, the group aims to transfer this knowledge to base professional practice in multiple settings and transform people's health care experience for their well-being and quality of life. Aquichan Journal, as a scientific publication, guarantees the quality of its editorial processes to contribute to the visibility of nursing knowledge in the hope that it will be replicated to promote the discipline's theoretical and research evolution.

O Grupo de Cuidado de Enfermagem ­ UniSabana procura gerar conhecimento científico que, alinhado com as prioridades nacionais e mundiais de atenção e pesquisa, favoreça a compreensão das condições que afetam a saúde da população e o desenvolvimento de intervenções de enfermagem simples e complexas. Além disso, no âmbito do trabalho interdisciplinar, internacional e intersetorial, o grupo se orienta a transferir esse conhecimento com o objetivo de fundamentar a prática nos diferentes cenários do exercício profissional e transformar a experiência do cuidado da saúde das pessoas a favor do bem-estar e da qualidade de vida. Ainda, a revista Aquichan, como publicação científica, garante a qualidade de seus processos editoriais a fim de contribuir para a visibilidade do conhecimento da enfermagem e com a ilusão de que este seja divulgado e reproduzido com o intuito de promover o desenvolvimento teórico e investigativo da disciplina.

Escala de Convivencia con un Proceso Crónico: validación en pacientes de habla hispana con hipertensión arterial / Living with Chronic Illness Scale: validation in Spanish-speaking population with hypertension

Objetivo principal: Presentar los resultados psicométricos del estudio de validación de la Escala de Convivencia con un proceso crónico en pacientes con Hipertensión arterial (EC-HTA) en Colombia. Metodología: Estudio observacional, transversal con retest en una fracción de la muestra. Se analizaron los aspectos psicométricos de viabilidad/aceptabilidad, fiabilidad, precisión y validez de constructo. Resultados principales: Se incluyeron un total de 341 pacientes de los cuales el 68% eran mujeres con una edad media de 65 años. El 100% de los datos fueron computables. La EC-HTA presentó un valor alfa de Cronbach de 0,76. Respecto a la validez interna, para el total de la escala fue de 0,90. Conclusión principal: La EC-HTA es una escala válida y fiable para evaluar el grado de convivencia en pacientes con HTA en Colombia, siendo un instrumento clínico de gran utilidad para favorecer un cuidado centrado en la persona y no en la enfermedad. (AU)

Objective: To present the psychometric results of the validation study of the Living with Chronic illness scale in patients with hypertension (LW-hypertension) in Colombia. Methods: Observational, cross-sectional study with retest. There psychometric properties of feasibility/acceptability, reliability, precision, and construct validity were analyzed. Results: A total sample of 341 patients was included, where the 68% were female with an average age of 65 years old. The 100% of the data were computable. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the total scale was 0.76. Regarding internal validity for the total scale was 0.90. Conclusions: The LW-hypertension scale is a valid and reliable instrument to evaluate the living with hypertension degree in Colombia, becoming a clinical and easy instrument to facilitate a person centered care and not centered just on the disease. (AU)

Effects of a Healthy Habit Promotion Strategy on Colombian Schoolchildren / Efectos de una estrategia de promoción de hábitos de vida saludable en niños colombianos en edad escolar / Efeitos de uma estratégia de promoção de hábitos de vida saudável em crianças colombianas em idade escolar

Chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCD) show an increasing tendency, especially in low- and medium-income countries. It is necessary to develop and evaluate strategies to strengthen healthy habits at an early age in these countries. Objective: To determine the effect of the health promotion strategy "United for Healthier Kids" (U4HK) on health lifestyle habits of a group of Colombian schoolchildren for the 2018-2020 period. Materials and methods: This quasi-experimental study features treatment and control groups and pre- and post-intervention measurements. The study involved 1,011 schoolchildren between six and twelve years old from seven rural and urban schools of the Sabana Centro region of Colombia. We used the Healthy Habits Measurement Tool, previously validated in Colombia. Results: When comparing within and between groups, the UHK strategy showed statistically significant differences in healthy habits (p < 0.05) related to nutrition and physical activity in schoolchildren. Conclusions: The U4HK strategy had a positive effect and impact on the schoolchildren' healthy habits, especially in the 'chooses to drink water' and 'moves more' components. There were statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) between groups in four out of the five categories: drinks more water, chooses nutritios and varied options, eats and cooks as a family, and moves more. The U4HK strategy responds to current and future health problems in schoolchildren and helps prevent chronic diseases. It could be replicated in similar populations.

Las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles (ECNT) muestran una tendencia creciente, en especial en los países de ingresos bajos y medios. Es necesario desarrollar y evaluar estrategias para fortalecer hábitos de vida saludable en edades tempranas en estos países. Objetivo: determinar el efecto de la estrategia de promoción de la salud "Unidos por niños más sanos" (U4HK, por sus siglas en inglés) en un grupo de estudiantes colombianos para el período 2018-2020. Materiales y métodos: este estudio cuasiexperimental cuenta con grupos de tratamiento y control y con mediciones previas y posteriores a la intervención. En el estudio participaron 1011 estudiantes de entre seis y doce años de siete instituciones educativas de Colombia. Se utilizó la Herramienta de medición de hábitos de vida saludable, previamente validada en Colombia. Resultados: al comparar dentro de los grupos y entre ellos, la estrategia U4HK mostró diferencias estadísticamente significativas en los hábitos saludables relacionados con la nutrición y la actividad física en niños en edad escolar. Conclusiones: la estrategia U4HK tuvo un efecto y un impacto positivo en los hábitos saludables de los estudiantes, en particular en los componentes "beber más agua" y "moverse más". Hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p < 0.05) entre los grupos en cuatro de las cinco categorías: beber más agua, variedad y nutrición, comer y cocinar en familia y moverse más. La estrategia U4HK responde a los problemas de salud actuales y futuros de los estudiantes y ayuda a prevenir enfermedades crónicas. Además, podría replicarse en poblaciones similares.

As doenças crônicas não transmissíveis mostram uma tendência crescente, em especial nos países de rendas baixa e média. É necessário desenvolver e avaliar estratégias para fortalecer hábitos de vida saudável de forma precoce nesses países. Objetivo: determinar o efeito da estratégia de promoção de saúde "Unidos por crianças mais saudáveis" (U4HK, por sua sigla em inglês) num grupo de estudantes colombianos para o período 2018-2020. Materiais e métodos: este estudo quase experimental conta com grupos de tratamento e controle, e com avaliações prévias e posteriores à intervenção. Do estudo, participaram 1 011 estudantes de entre 6 e 12 anos de sete instituições educacionais da Colômbia. Foi utilizada a Ferramenta de avaliação de hábitos de vida saudável, previamente validada na Colômbia. Resultados: ao comparar dentro dos grupos e entre eles, a estratégia U4HK mostrou diferenças estatisticamente significativas nos hábitos saudáveis relacionados com a nutrição e a atividade física em crianças em idade escolar. Conclusões: a estratégia U4HK teve efeito e impacto positivos nos hábitos saudáveis dos estudantes, em particular nos componentes "beber mais água" e "se movimentar mais". Houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas (p < 0,05) entre os grupos em quatro das cinco categorias: beber mais água, variedade e nutrição, comer e cozinhar em família, e se movimentar mais. A estratégia U4HK responde aos problemas de saúde atuais e futuros dos estudantes e ajuda a prevenir doenças crônicas. Além disso, poderia ser reproduzida em populações semelhantes.

Apego materno-fetal: un análisis de concepto / Maternal-fetal bonding: a concept analysis

Introducción: El apego materno-fetal es un proceso relacional que construye la mujer gestante. Objetivo: Identificar los atributos del concepto de apego materno-fetal. Material y métodos: Se utilizó la metodología de análisis de concepto propuesta por Walker y Avant. Se realizó búsqueda de artículos en las bases de datos Lilacs/BIREME, CUIDEN, EBSCO, Science Direct, Ovid, EMBASE, Pubmed/Medline y Google Scholar. Se diseñó una base de datos para consolidar la información proveniente de los artículos. La integración de la información se hizo a través de los pasos propuestos para el análisis de concepto de Walker y Avant. Desarrollo: El apego materno-fetal es un proceso que requiere la representación mental del feto como persona, puede ser manifestado en comportamientos de interacción con el feto y cuidado hacia sí misma y requiere de una red de apoyo. Son antecedentes del apego materno-fetal, las formas de vinculación de la mujer gestante con su madre y su pareja, y, como consecuencias, la intención de lactar, la sensación de competencia materna y el vínculo materno-infantil. Los atributos de este concepto se pueden agrupar en cuatro dimensiones: cognitiva, afectiva, altruista y personal/relacional. Son varios los instrumentos que se han desarrollado para medirlas, entre los que se cuentan el de Cranley, Muller y el de Condon. Conclusiones: Se concluye que el apego materno-fetal es un concepto de trascedencia para la teoría y la práctica de la enfermería materno-infantil y el cuidado prenatal, pues es pilar fundamental en la transición hacia la maternidad(AU)

Introduction: Maternal-fetal bonding is a relational process built by the pregnant woman. Objective: To identify the attributes of the concept of maternal-fetal bonding. Material and methods: The conceptual analysis approached by Walker and Avant´s was used. A detailed searched for articles in several databases such as Lilacs/BIREME, CUIDEN, EBSCO, Science Direct, Ovid, EMBASE, PubMed/Medline y Google Scholar was carried out. A database was designed to gather information from different articles. The integration of information was carried out following the steps proposed for the concept analysis outlined by Walker and Avant. Development: Maternal-fetal bonding is a process that requires the mental representation of the fetus as a person. It can be expressed as interactions with the fetus and self-care behavior, and it requires network support. Some antecedents of maternal-fetal bonding are the relation of the pregnant woman with her mother and her partner and consequently, the intention to breastfeed, the sensation of maternal competence, and maternal-infant attachment. The attributes of this concept can be grouped into four dimensions: cognitive, affective, altruistic, and personal/relational. Several instruments have been developed to carry out its measurement, including Cranley´s, Muller´s and Condon´s. Conclusions: It is concluded that maternal-fetal bonding is a concept of transcendence combining theory and practice of maternal and child nursing care and prenatal care; as it is a fundamental pillar in the transition to motherhood(AU)

Preparación para la maternidad durante la gestación: un análisis de concepto / Preparação para a maternidade durante a gestação: uma análise de conceito / Preparation for motherhood during Pregnancy: a Concept Analysis

Objective. This work sought to identify the attributes of the concept of preparation for motherhood during pregnancy. Methods. Concept analysis with the method by Walker and Avant, which conducted a literature review in databases and other sources. Inclusion criteria were defined and a database was created with the articles included for the analysis. The information was integrated, responding to the eight steps proposed in the method. Results. The concept of preparation for motherhood during pregnancy is defined as an intermediate process of active and conscious participation defined by the cultural, social, and historical contexts, which favor lifestyle changes to optimize health and whose attributes are classified into physical and psychological preparation. Conclusion. The attributes identified contribute to understanding the preparation for motherhood during gestation as a multidimensional concept. These results could be used to design care actions to evaluate pregnant women and prescribe nursing care beyond purely biomedical issues. (AU)

Objetivo. Identificar los atributos del concepto de preparación para la maternidad durante la gestación. Métodos. Análisis de concepto con el método de Walker y Avant en el que se realizó una revisión de la literatura en bases de datos y otras fuentes. Se definieron criterios de inclusión y se creó una base de datos con los artículos incluidos para el análisis. Se integró la información dando respuesta a los ocho propuestos en el método. Resultados. El concepto de preparación para la maternidad durante la gestación se define como un proceso intermedio de participación activa y consciente delimitado por el contexto cultural, social e histórico de la mujer, que favorece cambios en el estilo de vida para optimizar la salud y cuyos atributos se clasifican en preparación física y psicológica. Conclusión. Los atributos identificados contribuyen a la comprensión de la preparación para la maternidad durante la gestación como un concepto multidimensional. Estos resultados podrían ser empleados para el diseño de acciones de cuidado tanto para la valoración de la gestante como para la prescripción de cuidados de enfermería más allá de los asuntos puramente biomédicos. (AU)

Objetivo. Identificar os atributos do conceito de preparação para a maternidade durante a gestação. Métodos. Análise de conceito com o método de Walker e Avant no que se realizou uma revisão da literatura em bases de dados e outras fontes. Se definiram critérios de inclusão e se criou uma base de dados com os artigos incluídos para a análise. Se integrou a informação dando resposta aos oito propostos no método. Resultados. O conceito de preparação para a maternidade durante a gestação se define como um processo intermédio de participação ativa e consciente delimitado pelo contexto cultural, social e histórico da mulher, que favorece mudanças no estilo de vida para otimizar a saúde e cujos atributos se classificam em preparação física e psicológica. Conclusão. Os atributos identificados contribuem à compreensão da preparação para a maternidade durante a gestação como um conceito multidimensional. Estes resultados poderiam ser empregados para o desenho de ações de cuidado tanto para a valorização da gestante como para a prescrição de cuidados de enfermagem mais além dos assuntos puramente biomédicos.(AU)

Rol independiente y ambiente de la práctica de enfermería / Independent role and nursing practice environment

RESUMEN Introducción: las enfermeras desempeñan los roles independiente, dependiente e interdependiente para cuidar, el ambiente de la práctica afecta directamente el desempeño de dichos roles y así los resultados del cuidado. Objetivo: comparar el desempeño del rol independiente de las enfermeras y el ambiente de la práctica en un grupo de servicios de hospitalización de instituciones clínicas públicas y privadas de segundo y tercer nivel de atención de dos ciudades de Colombia. Métodos: estudio descriptivo comparativo, muestra intencionada de 210 enfermeras. Para la recolección de la información se utilizó la Encuesta Multinacional sobre la Relación entre el Rol Profesional de la Enfermera (o) y su lugar de trabajo y para el análisis se emplearon estrategias de análisis univariado y bivariado. Resultados: el 72 por ciento de las enfermeras refirió que su rol principal es supervisar la atención de otros. Sin diferir de manera significativa según carácter de la institución, las enfermeras dedican gran parte de su tiempo a realizar acciones no relacionadas directamente con su rol profesional limitando el tiempo para el cuidado directo. Existe diferencia entre las instituciones clínicas públicas y las privadas con respecto a la calificación que las enfermeras otorgan al ambiente de la práctica de su institución (valor p: 0.000). Conclusión: se identificó la necesidad de evaluar la ejecución del rol independiente y los factores del ambiente de la práctica para implementar medidas que contribuyan a mejorar la calidad y seguridad del cuidado(AU)

ABSTRACT Introduction: Nurses play the independent, dependent and interdependent roles to care; the practice environment directly affects the performance of these roles and thus the outcomes of care. Objective: To compare the performance of the independent role of nurses and the practice environment in a group of inpatient services in both private and public clinic institutions. Methods: Descriptive comparative study, purposive sample of 210 nurses. Data was collected through the Multinational Survey on the Relationship between the Professional Role of the Nurse and his/her workplace, and the analysis was made through strategies of univariate and bivariate analysis. Results: 72 percent of nurses reported that their main role is to oversee the care of others. Not differing significantly according to the nature of the institution, nurses spend much of their time performing actions not directly related to their professional role by limiting the time for direct care. There is a difference between public and private clinic institutions regarding the score given by nurses to the practice environment of their institution (p-value: 0.000). Conclusions: It is identified a need to assess the achievement of the independent role and the practice environmental factors to implement measures that foster the quality and safety of care(AU)

Convertirse en madre durante la gestación: validación de un nuevo instrumento para su medición / Becoming a mother during pregnancy: validation of a new instrument for its measurement

Objetivo: Diseñar y validar un nuevo instrumento para la evaluación del compromiso con la maternidad, el apego maternofetal y la preparación para la maternidad durante el periodo de la gestación a partir de la teoría de Ramona Mercer. Metodología: Estudio metodológico psicométrico realizado con 200 mujeres gestantes de la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia, durante los años 2018 y 2019, en 3 fases: revisión de la literatura, diseño y validación de un instrumento. Se diseñó un instrumento a partir de los atributos identificados en la fase de revisión de la literatura, y se realizaron la validación de contenido con expertos, la validación facial a través de una prueba piloto, y para la validez de constructo se utilizó el análisis factorial exploratorio (AFE). Adicionalmente, se calculó la consistencia interna del instrumento. Resultados: La mediana de la edad y de las semanas de gestación de las mujeres participantes fue de 26 años y 26 semanas, respectivamente. En la validación de contenido, el 100% de los ítems obtuvieron una V de Aiken >0,7 y un intervalo de confianza del 95% >0,7. El modelo final del AFE obtuvo un índice de Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) de 0,88 y mostró 3 factores que explicaron el 68,1% de la varianza y un total de 21 ítems: apoyo y presencia del compañero (11), preparación altruista (6) y apego cognitivo (4). La consistencia interna global obtenida a través del índice alfa de Cronbach fue de 0,90. Conclusiones: El instrumento «Convertirse en Madre» durante la gestación mostró ser válido y confiable, y permitió que emergiera la dimensión «apoyo y presencia del compañero», no contemplada por Mercer en su teoría, y que desapareciera la dimensión «compromiso con la maternidad». (AU)

Objective: To design and validate a new instrument to assess the commitment with the motherhood, the maternal-fetal bonding and the preparation for motherhood during pregnancy from Ramona Mercer’s theory. Methodology: Methodological psychometric study carried out with 200 pregnant women from the city of Medellín (Colombia) during the years 2018 and 2019 in three phases: literature review, design and validation of an instrument. An instrument was designed based on the attributes identified in the literature review phase and content validation was carried out with experts, facial validation through a pilot test and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used for the construct validity. Additionally, the calculation of the internal consistency of the instrument. Results: The median age and gestation weeks of the participating women was 26 years and 26 weeks respectively. In the content validation, 100% of the items obtained an Aiken V greater than 0.7 and a CI95% above 0.7. The final model of EFA obtained a Kaiser Meyer-Olkin of 0.88 and showed three factors that explained 68.1% of the variance and a total of 21 items: support and presence of the partner (11), altruistic preparation (6) and cognitive bondin (4). The overall internal consistency obtained through Cronbach’s alpha was 0.90. Conclusions: The instrument becoming a mother during pregnancy proved to be valid and reliable and allowed the dimension of support and presence of the partner not contemplated by Mercer to emerge in her theory and the commitment to motherhood to disappear. (AU)

Ambiente de la práctica de enfermería y resultados del cuidado / Nursing practice environment and nursing outcomes

Objetivo: comparar el ambiente de la práctica de enfermería y los resultados del cuidado en un grupo de servicios de hospitalización de instituciones clínicas públicas y privadas de segundo y tercer nivel de atención. Metodología: estudio descriptivo comparativo. Muestra intencionada de 210 enfermeras y aleatoria simple de 1576 pacientes. Para la recolección de la información se utilizó el PES-NWI, un registro de datos sociodemográficos y clínicos de los pacientes y un registro de los indicadores de resultado de cuidado. Resultados: se encontró que las instituciones clínicas mostraron ambientes de la práctica de enfermería favorables y mixtos para el desempeño del rol profesional de enfermería. Se observaron diferencias significativas por carácter de la institución (privada/pública) en la muestra de pacientes hospitalizados respecto a presencia de complicaciones, conocimiento de la enfermedad y el tratamiento y satisfacción con el cuidado. Conclusión: es importante la implementación de medidas de mejoramiento de los entornos del ambiente de la práctica que promuevan la calidad del cuidado, la satisfacción de los usuarios y de los profesionales de enfermería

Aim: to compare the nursing practice environment and nursing care outcomes in a group of inpatient services from public and private clinical institutions of secondary and tertiary care. Methodology: comparative descriptive study with a purposive sample of 210 nurses and patients, and simple random of 1576 patients. In order to get data collection PES-NWI, a record of socio demographic and clinical data of patients and a record of care outcome indicators was used. Results: It was found that clinical institutions showed favorable and mixed clinical practice environments for the performance of the professional nursing role. Significant differences were observed depending on the institution (private / public) in the sample of hospitalized patients regarding presence of complications, knowledge of the disease and treatment and satisfaction with care. Conclusion: It is important to implement improvement measures in the surroundings of the practice environment that foster the quality of care and the satisfaction of users and nurses

Higiene: cuidado básico que promueve la comodidad en pacientes críticos / Hygiene: basic care that promotes comfort in critically ill patients

Los pacientes hospitalizados en entornos críticos requieren la provisión de cuidados de enfermería para satisfacer sus necesidades básicas. Las intervenciones encaminadas a satisfacer las necesidades de higiene son cuidados de enfermería, inherentes al rol profesional y que actualmente se omiten o delegan por considerarlas de poco valor, sin tener en cuenta que constituyen indicadores de resultado en los pacientes y de la calidad de atención en las unidades de cuidado crítico. Objetivo: Analizar la importancia social, disciplinar y teórica de la higiene como un cuidado básico de enfermería requerido por los pacientes críticos y su relación con la comodidad a la luz de la teoría propuesta por Kolcaba. Método: Revisión de la literatura y selección de artículos en las bases de datos ISI -Web of Knowledge, Scopus, Science Direct, Proquest, Ebsco, Medline, Ovid, Scielo y de otras fuentes como documentos no publicados y páginas web. La revisión incluyó 3 estudios cualitativos, 27 cuantitativos, 1 estudio mixto, 40 piezas documentales y 4 editoriales publicados por profesionales de enfermería y otras áreas de la salud. Resultados: Los resultados se organizaron en 4 categorías así, cuidados básicos de enfermería en entornos críticos, higiene como cuidado básico para los pacientes críticos, higiene y comodidad y necesidades de investigación. Importancia clínica: Es indispensable que el profesional de enfermería asegure la satisfacción de las necesidades de higiene de los pacientes, así se proporciona seguridad, comodidad y bienestar. Durante la provisión de los cuidados de enfermería se presenta una oportunidad para que el profesional de enfermería se comunique con el paciente, evalúe el estado físico y psicológico, identifique posibles ansiedades y temores, planifique los cuidados y brinde una atención individualizada (AU)

Patients who are hospitalized in critical care settings require nursing care to meet their basic needs. These interventions are integrated as indicators of patient outcomes and quality of care in critical care units. Objective: To analyze the social relevance and disciplinary nature of hygiene, as basic nursing care required for critically ill patients. Method: A literature review and article selection from the ISI-Web of Knowledge, Scopus, Science Direct, Proquest, Ebsco, Medline, Ovid, and SciELO databases and other sources, such as unpublished documents and web pages. This review included 3 qualitative studies, 27 quantitative studies, 1 mixed study, 40 documentary works, and 4 editorials that were published by nursing professionals and health professionals in other areas. Results: The results were divided into the following 4 categories: basic nursing care in critical care settings, hygiene as basic care for critically ill patients, hygiene and comfort, and research recommendations. Clinical Relevance: It is essential that nursing professionals satisfy patients’ hygiene needs and thus provide for their safety, comfort, and welfare. There is an opportunity during the delivery of nursing care for nursing professionals to communicate with patients, assess physical and psychological states, identify potential anxieties and fears, plan patient care, and provide individual attention (AU)

Validez de constructo de la Escala de Medición del Proceso de Afrontamiento y Adaptación de Roy, versión modificada en español / Construct validity of the Scale of Measurement of the Process of Coping and Adaption of Roy, Spanish modified version

Introducción: Múltiples investigaciones reportan la utilidad de la Escala de Medición del Proceso de Afrontamiento y Adaptación versión en español (EsCAPs) como también sus limitaciones semánticas y metodológicas, aspecto que indica se requiere revisión. Objetivo: Determinar la validez de constructo de la Escala de Medición del Proceso de Afrontamiento y Adaptación de Roy versión modificada en español. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio metodológico. A través de un muestreo mixto se seleccionaron cuatro muestras para el desarrollo de un grupo focal, la validación facial, la validación de contenido, la validación de constructo y la confiabilidad. Se siguieron todas las consideraciones éticas para el desarrollo de investigaciones con seres humanos. Resultados: La versión modificada de la escala está compuesta por 33 ítems. Los resultados indican buena validez de apariencia (95%), contenido (0.83) y confiabilidad (0.70). A la luz de la acumulación de la varianza no fue posible definir una estructura factorial determinada. Se recomienda continuar con el refinamiento de la escala y del constructo teórico subyacente (AU)

Introduction: Many researchers reported the Utility of Scale's Process Measurement and Adaptation coping Spanish version (EsCAPs) as well as semantic and methodological limitations, this aspect indicating that require revision. Objective: To determine the construct validity of the Scale of Measurement Process Roy Coping Adaptation of Spanish version. Methods: Methodological study. Through a mixed sample we selected four samples of people, to develop a focus group and validation of appearance, content, construct and reliability. We followed all ethical considerations for the development of human research. Results: The modified version of the scale consists of 33 items. The results show good face validity (95%), content (0.83) and reliability (0.70). In light of the variance accumulation was not possible to define a particular factorial structure. To continue with the refinement of the scale and the underlying theoretical construct (AU)

Soledad en la adolescencia: análisis del concepto / Loneliness during adolescence: analysis of the concept

La soledad es una experiencia conocida por todos los seres humanos, inherente a la necesidad de pertenecer y que actualmente es considerada como una epidemia de la sociedad moderna, un problema de salud pública que por sus consecuencias físicas, mentales y sociales requiere un abordaje desde múltiples perspectivas. Así mismo, la adolescencia es una etapa especialmente vulnerable para experimentar sentimientos de soledad que son un factor significativo para la salud y la calidad de vida de los adolescentes y como tal es relevante para el cuidado de enfermería. Este articulo tiene como objetivo analizar el concepto de soledad en la adolescencia a través de la metodología propuesta por Walker y Avant, estrategia a través de la cual se examinan las características que definen un concepto y sus atributos. El conocimiento de este fenômeno permitirá proponer estrategias de prevención e intervención, y guiar la práctica de cuidado en este grupo de edad.

Loneliness is an experience known to all human beings. Inherent in the need to belong, it is regarded as an epidemic in modern society, a public health problem that needs to be addressed from a variety of perspectives, given its physical, mental and social consequences. Adolescence is a particularly vulnerable stage for experiencing feelings of loneliness, which are a significant factor for adolescent health and quality of life and, as such, it is relevant to nursing care. The purpose of this article is to analyze the concept of loneliness during adolescence through the method proposed by Walker and Avant, which is a strategy for examining the characteristics that define a conceptand its attributes. An understanding of this phenomenon will make it possible to propose strategies for prevention and intervention, and to guide care for this age group.

Ideación suicida en la adolescencia: soledad, desesperanza y salud familiar / Suicidal ideation in adolescence: loneliness, hopelessness and family health

factores que actualmente afectan a los adolescentes de Bogotá y determinar su relación con la presencia de ideación suicida. Se espera que el conocimiento generado sirva como insumo para la formulación de programas de promoción que favorezcan la salud mental de niños y jóvenes, como también programas preventivos que disminuyan la presentación de la conducta suicida y/o la incidencia y efectos de sus variables asociadas. Objetivo general. Determinar la relación y sinergismo entre desesperanza, soledad y grado de salud familiar en adolescentes escolarizados con y sin ideación suicida, para profundizar en el conocimiento del fenómeno desde la disciplina y plantear opciones de promoción y prevención en Bogotá, Colombia. Método. Estudio cuantitativo descriptivo correlacional comparativo de corte transversal. La muestra fue seleccionada a través de un muestreo mixto y estuvo constituida por 482 adolescentes escolarizados entre 14 y 17 años. Para la medición de las variables de interés se utilizaron instrumentos de amplio uso y con demostradas calidades psicométricas en el ámbito internacional. A través de la utilización de análisis estadísticos de tipo univariado, bivariado y multivariado se describió el comportamiento de cada una de las variables, se exploraron las relaciones y contrastes entre éstas y se estimó el efecto de las variables independientes en la presencia de ideación suicida. El estudio siguió todas las consideraciones éticas para el desarrollo de investigaciones con seres humanos. Resultados. El 20 % de la muestra de adolescentes investigados reportó presencia de pensamientos o deseos suicidas de variada intensidad. Todas las variables estudiadas influencian la presencia de ideación suicida en los adolescentes a excepción de edad, estrato socioeconómico, localidad y tipo de colegio. Sin embargo a partir de la construcción de modelos de regresión logística se observó que las variables que mejor explican la presencia de ideación suicida son: antecedente de intento de suicidio, baja autoestima, soledad y pertenecer a una familia poco saludable. Conclusiones. La ideación suicida es un fenómeno que afecta a los adolescentes escolarizados de Bogotá, razón por la cual padres, maestros y profesionales de enfermería que trabajen en las comunidades y las escuelas deben estar atentos para detectar las situaciones que causan dolor y/o aflicción psicológica a los adolescentes y que los llevan a pensar en el suicidio como una forma de escaper o resolver sus problemas. La utilización del Marco Teórico de la Organización Sistémica en la explicación del fenómeno permite entender la conducta suicida más que como un resultado, como un proceso que se origina y/ o potencia en la familia y brinda herramienta para su abordaje desde la disciplina y la interdisciplina. Finalmente, el tamizaje de grupos de escolares puede ser una aproximación preventiva y de intervención para esta conducta.

Introduction: This study strived to deepen the current knowledge about some of the factors that are affecting teenagers in Bogotá and to determine their relationship with suicidal ideation. The generated knowledge is expected to work as the raw material to draw up promotion programs to protect the mental health of children and adolescents, as well as prevention programs to decrease suicidal behavior and/or the impact and effects of suicide-related variables. General objective: to determine the relationship and synergy between hopelessness, loneliness and the level of family health in school-age adolescents with and without suicidal ideation to deepen in the knowledge of this phenomenon from a nursing point of view and to pose promotion and prevention options in Bogotá, Colombia. Method: This was a cross-sectional, comparative, correlational, descriptive and quantitative study. The sample was screened through mixed sampling and 482 school-attending 14-17 year-old adolescents were included. Widely recognized and highly qualified psychometric tools were used to measure the variables concerned. Univariate, bivariate and multivariate statistic analysis have been used to describe the behavior of each variable, to explore the relationships and contrasts between these variables and to estimate the effect of the independent variables on the presence of suicidal thoughts. This study has followed the ethical considerations necessary for research involving human beings. Results: 20% of the sample used reported the presence of suicidal thoughts or desires. All variables studied influence the presence of suicidal thoughts except age, socioeconomic strata, borough and type of school. However, with the use of logistic regression methods, the variables that best express the presence of suicidal thoughts are: previous suicide attempt, low self-esteem, loneliness and belonging to an unhealthy family. Conclusions: Having suicidal thoughts is a phenomenon affecting schoolattending adolescents in Bogota, reason why parents, teachers and nursing professionals working with communities and schools must pay attention to detect situations which cause psychological pain or affliction in adolescents and which make them think of suicide as a way to escape from or solve their problems. The use of the Framework of Systemic Organization to explain this phenomenon allows the understanding of the suicidal behavior, rather than as a result, as a process that is originated and/or fostered by the family, and offers the tools to be faced from nursing and from an interdisciplinary point of view. Finally, the screening of school groups can be a preventive and intervening approach to this behavior.