[What we know about men who commit violence against their intimate partners: a systematic review]. / O que se sabe sobre o homem autor de violência contra a parceira íntima: uma revisão sistemática.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the profile of men who commit violence against their female intimate partners. METHODS: A systematic review of the international literature published between 2000 and 2010 was conducted in the LILACS, MEDLINE, and SciELO databases. The search retrieved 3 452 articles, 33 of which were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The selected articles were analyzed for bibliometric data and socioeconomic characteristics of the men accused of committing violence against their partners. RESULTS: Most articles were published between 2000 and 2010, in English, based on data reported by the victims. Some variables were associated with domestic violence, such as educational attainment and employment status of the offender. These variables did not include the duration of the relationships. CONCLUSIONS: There is a significant gap in literature regarding the study of motivations and conditioning factors behind perpetrators of domestic violence. Investigating these factors is important in order to establish measures against this type of violence.

Completeness, consistency and non-duplicity of records of child sexual abuse on the Notifiable Health Conditions Information System in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, 2009-2019. / Completitude, consistência e não duplicidade dos registros de violência sexual infantil no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação em Santa Catarina, 2009-2019.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the completeness, consistency and duplicity of records of child sexual abuse on the Notifiable Health Conditions Information System (SINAN) in Santa Catarina, Brazil, between 2009 and 2019. METHODS: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study aimed to assess the quality of SINAN data regarding completeness, consistency and non-duplicity. RESULTS: 3,489 cases of violence were reported, with a 662.5% increase in the number of notifications in the period studied, with the increase in the number of referral centers for the care of people in situations of sexual violence in the state, explaining 46.7% of the variation in the number of cases, between the years studied. Consistency was excellent in 90.0% of the records; and completeness ranged between excellent and good in 92.3% of them. There was an increased trend in completeness for 14 variables in the period. There were no duplicate records. CONCLUSION: Data from the sexual violence against children surveillance system were considered adequate regarding the questions that were assessed in the study.

Characterization of suicide attempts and self-harm by adolescents and adults notified in Santa Catarina, Brazil, 2014-2018. / Caracterização das tentativas de suicídio e automutilações por adolescentes e adultos notificadas em Santa Catarina, 2014-2018.

OBJECTIVE: To characterize adolescent and adult suicide attempts and self-harm reported in Santa Catarina, Brazil, from 2014 to 2018. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study with data from the Notifiable Health Conditions Information System. The sociodemographic, clinical and type of self-inflicted violence characteristics among adolescents and adults were compared. RESULTS: Among the 8,859 notifications analyzed, suicide attempts predominated in relation to self-mutilation; self-inflected violence was more frequent in females, those of white skin color and with mental disorders; it occurred more at home, in both age groups. Among adolescents, repeated self-mutilation (83.3%) stood out, while among adults, repeated suicide attempts (50.6%) and suspected alcohol use (18.3%) at the time of violence stood out. CONCLUSION: We identified high prevalence of attempted suicide among adolescents and adults; the characteristics of violence were similar between the age groups analyzed.

Victimization and perpetration of intimate partner violence among elderly people: a cross-sectional study, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil, 2013/2014. / Vitimização e perpetração da violência por parceiro íntimo em idosos: estudo transversal, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 2013/2014.

OBJECTIVE: VTo verify prevalence of intimate partner violence among elderly people and to identify associated factors. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional population-based study using data from the EpiFloripa Idoso Study, with elderly people living in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil, between 2013 and 2014. Prevalence rates were described and factors associated using Poisson regression were analyzed, for violence suffered and perpetrated, stratified by sex. RESULTS: Among 651 elderly people, 48.3% of males and 46.4% of females suffered intimate partner violence. Psychological violence suffered (48.3% and 44.8%) and perpetrated (49.8% and 44.5%) predominated in males and females, respectively. Perpetrated violence was associated with poor/very poor self-perceived health (PR=1.74) among males, and with regular self-perceived health (PR=1.53) and separated/divorced marital status (PR=1.86) among females. CONCLUSION: Symmetry was found between the sexes for prevalence of intimate partner violence, for all directionalities of violence analyzed.

[Profile of studies about intimate partner violence against women: 2003 to 2007]. / Perfil dos estudos sobre violência contra a mulher por parceiro íntimo: 2003 a 2007.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the studies about intimate partner violence against women in terms of field of knowledge to which they belong, sex of authors, country where they were conducted, language of publication, study design, participants, and place where data were collected. METHODS: A systematic review of Medline, PsycINFO, LILACS, and SciELO databases was conducted from January to May 2008 for articles published between 2003 and 2007. The search using Portuguese terms was conducted only in LILACS and SciELO. RESULTS: A total of 176 studies about intimate partner violence against women was selected for analysis. Of these, 84.7% were in published in English; 49.4% were published in biomedical journals; and 86.4% had a quantitative design. The studies were carried out in a variety of countries, particularly in North America (42.1%). Participants were mostly married women aged 20 to 39 years (72.2%) who were victims of violence by a current partner (97.2%). Most subjects were recruited in healthcare services (30.7%) or through household sampling (30.1%). Study authors were mostly women (57.7%). CONCLUSIONS: Future studies should combine different methodological approaches and select and describe victims and perpetrators to ensure comparability. This is necessary to advance this field of knowledge and to enable the establishment of effective policies to eradicate violence against women.

VIOLENCE AGAINST CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS: NOTIFICATION AND ALERT IN TIMES OF PANDEMIC.

OBJECTIVE: Social isolation is currently identified as the best way to prevent the infection by the new coronavirus. However, for some social groups, such as children and adolescents, this measure carries a contradiction: the home, which should be the safest place for them, is also a frequent environment of a sad aggravation: domestic violence. This study aims to evaluate the notifications of interpersonal/self-inflicted violence available in the Information System for Notifiable Diseases in the State of Santa Catarina (southern Brazil), for the juvenile age group, before and during the new coronavirus pandemics. METHODS: Cross-sectional, descriptive study of violence against children and adolescents (from 0 to 19 years) notified by health professionals by completing and entering the occurrence in the Information System for Notifiable Diseases of the State of Santa Catarina in 11 weeks in which the social isolation measure was instituted as mandatory, comparing with the same period before this measure. RESULTS: During the study period, 136 municipalities in Santa Catarina made 1,851 notifications. There was a decrease of 55.3% of them in the isolation period, and the difficulties encountered in seeking protection and assistance institutions were listed. CONCLUSIONS: The society needs to be aware of possible cases of violence in the children and adolescent population. It is important to provide accessible, effective, and safe ways for complaints and notifications, as well as a quick response to the cases, aiming at protecting victims and minimizing damages to prevent the perpetuation of the violence.

Nursing care for individuals with overweight and obesity: contributions of a remote specialization course / Atención de enfermería provista a personas con sobrepeso y obesidad: aportes de un curso de especialización a distancia / Enfermagem no cuidado de pessoas com sobrepeso e obesidade: contribuições de uma especialização a distância

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the contributions of a specialization course in qualifying nurses for the prevention and care of individuals with overweight and obesity. Method: an evaluative research employing a mixed-methods approach, incorporating both qualitative and quantitative methodologies, conducted with 289 nurses enrolled in a distance specialization course focusing on the care of individuals with overweight and obesity. Pre-course (2021) and post-course (2022) questionnaires were administered to assess the outcomes of the training regarding knowledge, practices, and perceptions related to the topic, with results being compared between the two time points. The statistical Mann-Whitney test was applied to compare the means. For qualitative data analysis, content analysis was employed. Results: the majority of participants were female, aged between 30 and 39 years, working in Primary Health Care (PHC), and with a status of statutory civil servants. When comparing the means obtained pre and post-course, the majority showed a statistically significant increase, indicating enhanced knowledge regarding the topic, improved qualification in food and nutritional surveillance practices, individual and collective approach, intersectoral interventions, and implementation of the care pathway. There was an improvement in the perception regarding the adequacy of both individual and team fitness in the care, prevention, and control of overweight and obesity. Conclusion: the specialization course contributed to enhancing nurses' performance in the care of individuals with overweight in primary care settings. There was an acquisition of knowledge, sensitization, and broadening of perspectives regarding disease management. The nurses were equipped with the necessary tools for food and nutritional surveillance practice, utilization of health information systems, and implementation of individual, collective, and intersectoral activities.

RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar los aportes de un curso de especialización en la calificación de los enfermeros con fines preventivos y para la atención de personas con sobrepeso y obesidad. Método: investigación evaluativa con enfoque cualitativo y cuantitativo, realizada con 289 enfermeros que asistieron a un curso de especialización a distancia para la atención de personas con sobrepeso y obesidad. Se aplicaron cuestionarios antes (2021) y después (2022) del curso sobre los resultados de la capacitación acerca de los conocimientos, las prácticas y las percepciones sobre la temática, además de contrastarse los resultados. Para comparar los valores medios se aplicó la prueba estadística de Mann Whitney. Para analizar los datos cualitativos se aplicó análisis de contenido. Resultados: hubo predominio de participantes del sexo femenino, de entre 30 y 39 años de edad, activos en APS y con vínculos laborales estatutarios. Al comparar los valores medios obtenidos antes y después del curso, la mayoría presentó un aumento estadísticamente significativo, representando una mejora en el conocimiento acerca del tema, de la calificación de las prácticas de vigilancia alimentaria y nutricional, del enfoque individual, colectivo e intersectorial y de la implementación de la línea de cuidado. Se registró una mayor percepción sobre la aptitud propia y del equipo, tanto en la atención y la prevención del sobrepeso y la obesidad como en su control. Conclusión: el curso de especialización contribuyó a perfeccionar el accionar de los enfermeros en la atención provista a personas con exceso de peso en el nivel de Atención Primaria de la Salud. Los participantes adquirieron conocimientos, se sensibilizaron con respecto al tema y expandieron su perspectiva sobre cómo abordar la enfermedad. Se equipó a los enfermeros para que pongan en práctica la vigilancia alimentaria y nutricional, utilicen los sistemas de información en salud y realicen actividades individuales, colectivas e intersectoriales.

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar as contribuições de um curso de especialização na qualificação dos enfermeiros para a prevenção e o cuidado de pessoas com sobrepeso e obesidade. Método: pesquisa avaliativa, de abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa, realizada com 289 enfermeiros de curso de especialização à distância para atenção de pessoas com sobrepeso e obesidade. Foram aplicados questionários pré-curso (2021) e pós-curso (2022) sobre os resultados da formação acerca dos conhecimentos, das práticas e das percepções sobre a temática, e comparados os resultados. Para comparação das médias foi aplicado teste estatístico de Mann Whitney. Para análise de dados qualitativos, aplicou-se a análise de conteúdo. Resultados: predominaram participantes do sexo feminino, com idade entre 30 e 39 anos, atuantes na APS e com vínculo de servidor estatutário. Ao comparar as médias obtidas pré e pós-curso, a maioria apresentou aumento com significância estatística, representando aumento do conhecimento acerca do tema, qualificação das práticas de vigilância alimentar e nutricional, da abordagem individual, coletiva, intersetorial e da implementação da linha de cuidado. Houve melhoria na percepção sobre a aptidão própria e da equipe, no cuidado, na prevenção e no controle do sobrepeso e da obesidade. Conclusão: o curso de especialização contribuiu para atuação dos enfermeiros no cuidado de pessoas com excesso de peso na atenção primária. Houve aquisição de conhecimento, sensibilização e ampliação do olhar sobre a abordagem da doença. Os enfermeiros foram instrumentalizados para prática de vigilância alimentar e nutricional, uso dos sistemas de informação em saúde, realização de atividades individuais, coletivas e intersetoriais.

Sexual violence against women and care in the health sector in Santa Catarina - Brazil. / Violência sexual contra a mulher e o atendimento no setor saúde em Santa Catarina ­ Brasil.

This is a study on sexual violence against women in the Brazilian State of Santa Catarina notified to the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) in the period 20082013. It aimed to estimate pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) resulting from sexual violence and to test the association between pregnancy, STIs and care provided in health services. In total, 1,230 pregnancy notifications and 1.316 STI notifications were analyzed. Variables were age, schooling, time to receive care, STI prophylaxis, emergency contraception, number of perpetrators and recurrent violence, which were analyzed using proportions and 95% confidence intervals. Associations were tested by adjusted and non-adjusted logistic regression with values expressed in odds ratio. The occurrence of pregnancy was 7.6%. Receiving care within 72 hours and emergency contraception were protective factors. The occurrence of STIs was 3.5%. Care within 72 hours and prophylaxis did not result in lower proportions of STIs. Further studies are required regarding this issue.

Estudo da violência sexual contra a mulher em Santa Catarina, notificada no Sistema de Informações de Agravos de Notificação entre 2008 e 2013. O objetivo foi estimar a ocorrência de gravidez e infecção sexualmente transmissível (IST) decorrente da violência sexual e testar associação entre gravidez, IST e o atendimento nos serviços de saúde. Para a gravidez foram analisadas 1.230 notificações e para IST 1.316 notificações. As variáveis foram idade, escolaridade, tempo de atendimento, profilaxias para IST, contracepção de emergência, número de agressores e violência de repetição. As variáveis foram analisadas por meio de proporções e intervalos de confiança de 95%. As associações foram testadas por regressão logística não ajustada e ajustada com os valores expressos em razão de chance. A ocorrência de gravidez foi de 7,6%. Ser atendida em 72 horas e receber a contracepção de emergência foram fatores de proteção. A ocorrência de IST foi de 3,5%. Ser atendida em 72 horas e receber profilaxias não resultou em menor proporção de IST, são necessários estudos que aprofundem esta questão.

Gender asymmetry and symmetry in Brazilian intimate partner violence research. / Assimetria e simetria de gênero na violência por parceiro íntimo em pesquisas realizadas no Brasil.

This study aims to analyze intimate partner violence from the gender symmetry and asymmetry concepts. Seventy-nine papers were selected for analysis, and most were published in the 2006-2014 period (78.5%). The fields of journals that addressed the subject were psychology (32.9%) followed by public health (27.9%) and nursing (27.6%). Of the researchers, 46.8% work with the feminist theoretical line discourse, whose gender approach is asymmetrical. They mostly produce qualitative research with a sample consisting of women only (81.1%), and 78.3% collected data from violence victims' support services. When looking at the characteristics of the studies conducted by researchers from the theoretical line of family sociologists who advocate gender symmetry (25.3%), qualitative and quantitative approaches were used in similar proportions. Bidirectional violence was identified in 80% of this research. We noted a strong leadership of the feminist theoretical line, which was identified in the discourses of the researchers. We stress the relevance of the discussion of the data with different theoretical frameworks, since analysis in isolation, regardless of the field, runs the risk of being biased and thus weaken the results.

O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar a violência por parceiro íntimo a partir das concepções de simetria e assimetria de gênero. Foram selecionadas para análise 79 publicações, com maior predominância entre os anos de 2006 a 2014 (78,5%). As áreas de revistas que abordaram o tema foram a psicologia (32,9%), seguida pela saúde pública (27,9%) e enfermagem (27,6%). Dos pesquisadores, 46,8% trabalham com o discurso da linha teórica feminista, cuja abordagem de gênero é considerada assimétrica. Produzem em sua maioria pesquisas qualitativas com amostra composta apenas de mulheres (81,1%), enquanto que 78,3% coletaram os dados a partir dos serviços de apoio à vítima de violência. Quando se observam as características dos estudos realizados por pesquisadores da linha teórica dos sociólogos da família que defendem a simetria de gêneros (25,3%), as abordagens qualitativas e quantitativas foram utilizadas em semelhantes proporções. A violência bidirecional foi apontada em 80% destas pesquisas. Constatamos forte liderança da linha teórica feminista nos discursos dos pesquisadores. Destaca-se a importância da discussão dos dados com diversos referenciais teóricos, pois a análise isolada, por qualquer que seja a área, corre o risco de ser tendenciosa e, assim, fragilizar os resultados.

Quality of records on sexual violence against women in the Information System for Notifiable Diseases (Sinan) in Santa Catarina, Brazil, 2008-2013. / Qualidade dos registros de violência sexual contra a mulher no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (Sinan) em Santa Catarina, 2008-2013.

OBJECTIVE: to describe the quality of records on cases of sexual violence against women, reported in the Information System for Notifiable Diseases (Sinan), in Santa Catarina State, Brazil, from 2008 to 2013. METHODS: normative assessment with data from records of sexual violence cases against women (≥10 years old); data quality was described according to the dimensions 'non-duplicity' (acceptable when >95%), 'completeness' (good when >75%), and 'consistency' (excellent when >90.0%) of information. RESULTS: 2,010 cases of sexual violence against women were studied, after the exclusion of four duplicate records; the percentage of non-duplicity was 99.9% (acceptable); of completeness was 93.3% (good) and of consistency was 98.9% (excellent). CONCLUSION: the results presented point out the usefulness of Sinan as a source of information for the surveillance of sexual violence against women and for planning actions to tackle this type of aggression.

[Approaching knowledge and experiences at a distance: report of the tutoring of a specialization course]. / Aproximando saberes e experiências à distância: relato da tutoria de um curso de especialização.

This report aims to describe the experience of tutoring process in distance learning of the Multidisciplinary Specialization Course in Primary Care in Brazil, in the states of Santa Catarina and Paraná. Course participants were physicians, dentists and nurses included in the "Program for the Valorization of Primary Health Care" and the "More Doctors Program in Brazil", a total of 1 600 professionals. The course was structured from three theoretical axes and pedagogical mediation conducted by a team of tutoring. . It was adopted problematization methodology, developed from a critical view of reality in the teaching and learning process. The tutors worked in pedagogical orientation, supporting use of media and technology and evaluation of educational activities in the course. The students evaluated positively the didactic and the course design and performance of the tutors. One hopes that this experience can be seen as a possibility to boost other experiences in health education.

Este relato busca descrever a experiência do processo de tutoria a distância do Curso de Especialização Multiprofissional na Atenção Básica no Brasil, realizado nos estados de Santa Catarina e Paraná. O curso teve como público profissionais de saúde, entre esses: médicos, enfermeiros e dentistas, vinculados ao "Programa de Valorização da Atenção Básica" e ao "Programa Mais Médicos no Brasil", totalizando 1 600 profissionais. O curso foi estruturado a partir de três eixos teóricos e com mediação pedagógica realizada por uma equipe de tutoria. A metodologia adotada foi a problematizadora, desenvolvida a partir de uma postura crítica sobre a realidade, no processo de ensino aprendizagem. Os tutores realizaram orientação pedagógica, apoio ao uso das mídias e tecnologias e avaliação das atividades didáticas realizadas no curso. Os alunos avaliaram positivamente, a didática e conteúdo programático do curso e o desempenho dos tutores. Almeja-se que esta experiência possa ser vista como possibilidade de impulsionar outras experiências na formação em saúde.

Este relato busca describir la experiencia del proceso de tutoría a distancia del Curso de Especialización Multiprofesional en la Atención Básica en Brasil, realizado en los Estados de Santa Catarina y Paraná. El curso tuvo como público a profesionales de salud médicos, enfermeros y odontólogos; todos vinculados al "Programa de Valorización de la Atención Básica" y al "Programa Más Médicos en Brasil", 1 600 profesionales en total. El curso fue estructurado a partir de tres ejes teóricos y con mediación pedagógica realizada por un equipo de tutoría. La metodología adoptada fue la problematizadora, desarrollada a partir de una postura crítica sobre la realidad, en el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje. Los tutores realizaron orientación pedagógica, apoyo al uso de los medios y tecnologías, y evaluación de las actividades didácticas realizadas en el curso. Los alumnos evaluaron positivamente la didáctica y el contenido programático del curso y el desempeño de los tutores. Se anhela que esta experiencia pueda ser vista como una posibilidad para impulsar otras experiencias en la formación en salud.

Intimate partner violence prevalence in the elderly and associated factors: systematic review. / Prevalência de violência por parceiro íntimo em idosos e fatores associados: revisão sistemática.

This article aims to identify the prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV) in the elderly and its associated factors. A systematic review of cross-sectional population-based studies was conducted in PubMed, Lilacs and PsycInfo databases, without restrictions with respect to the period and language of publication. Two independent reviewers conducted the selection, data extraction and the methodological quality analysis. Nineteen papers were selected for the analysis. There was a variation in the type of violence, gender of respondents and tools used. Most studies had a moderate or high methodological quality. IPV occurred in elderly men and women, with greater prevalence of psychological violence and economic abuse. The most frequent associated factors were alcohol use, depression, low income, functional impairment and previous exposure to violence.

Completitude, consistência e não duplicidade dos registros de violência sexual infantil no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação em Santa Catarina, 2009-2019 / Completitud, consistencia y no duplicación de registros de violencia sexual infantil en el Sistema de Información de Enfermedades de Declaración Obligatoria en Santa Catarina, Brasil, 2009-2019 / Completeness, consistency and non-duplicity of records of child sexual abuse on the Notifiable Health Conditions Information System in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, 2009-2019

Objetivo: Avaliar a completitude, consistência e duplicidade de registros de violência sexual infantil no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (Sinan) em Santa Catarina, Brasil, no período de 2009 a 2019. Métodos: Estudo transversal descritivo e analítico, para avaliar a qualidade dos dados do Sinan quanto à completitude, consistência e não duplicidade. Resultados: Foram notificados 3.489 casos de violência, observando-se aumento de 662,5% no número de notificações no período estudado, tendo o aumento do número de centros de referência ao atendimento das pessoas em situação de violência sexual no estado, explicado 46,7% da variação no número de casos, entre os anos estudados. A consistência foi excelente em 90,0% dos registros; e a completitude, entre excelente e boa em 92,3% deles. Para 14 variáveis, observou-se tendência de aumento da completitude no período. Não houve registro de duplicidades. Conclusão: Os dados do sistema de vigilância da violência sexual contra crianças foram considerados adequados nos quesitos avaliados.

Objetivo: Evaluar la completitud, consistencia y duplicidad de los registros de violencia sexual infantil reportados en el Sistema de Información de Enfermedades de Notificación (Sinan), en Santa Catarina, Brasil, de 2009 a 2019. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal descriptivo y analítico, para evaluar la calidad de los datos del Sinan. Resultados: Se reportaron 3.489 casos de violencia, observándose un aumento del 662,5% en el número de notificaciones, lo que se puede relacionar en el 46,7% de las veces, con el aumento del número de centros de referencia para la atención de personas en situación de violencia sexual en el estado. La consistencia fue excelente en 90,0%, la completitud se consideró de excelente a buena un 92,3%. Para 14 variables, la tendencia temporal de completitud aumentó. No hubo registros de duplicidad. Conclusión: Los datos del sistema de vigilancia de la violencia sexual contra la niñez se consideraron adecuados en las preguntas estudiadas.

Objective To evaluate the completeness, consistency and duplicity of records of child sexual abuse on the Notifiable Health Conditions Information System (SINAN) in Santa Catarina, Brazil, between 2009 and 2019. Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study aimed to assess the quality of SINAN data regarding completeness, consistency and non-duplicity. Results: 3,489 cases of violence were reported, with a 662.5% increase in the number of notifications in the period studied, with the increase in the number of referral centers for the care of people in situations of sexual violence in the state, explaining 46.7% of the variation in the number of cases, between the years studied. Consistency was excellent in 90.0% of the records; and completeness ranged between excellent and good in 92.3% of them. There was an increased trend in completeness for 14 variables in the period. There were no duplicate records. Conclusion: Data from the sexual violence against children surveillance system were considered adequate regarding the questions that were assessed in the study.

[Characteristics of sexual violence against adolescent and adult women reported by the public health services in Santa Catarina State, Brazil]. / Características dos casos de violência sexual contra mulheres adolescentes e adultas notificados pelos serviços públicos de saúde em Santa Catarina, Brasil.

Sexual violence against women is a form of gender violence and both a severe human rights violation and public health problem. This ecological, descriptive, and temporal series study aims to analyze sexual violence against pre-adolescent, adolescent, and adult females in Santa Catarina State, Brazil, based on data from the Information System for Notifiable Diseases, in order to describe the characteristics of cases of sexual violence perpetrated against women, reported by health professionals from 2008 a 2013. A total of 15,508 cases of violence were reported, including 2,010 cases of sexual violence (12.9%). Cases of violence totaled 950 reports in the 10 to 14 year bracket (47.3%), 450 in the 15 to 19 year bracket (22.4%), and 610 (30.3%) in women 20 years or older (adults). Adolescent females suffered violence by a single aggressor, at home, at night, with vaginal penetration, and with greater tendency to repeated assault and pregnancy as a result. For females 10 to 14 and 15 to 19 years of age, the aggressors were unknown in 32.9% and 33.1% of the reports, respectively. Adult women were sexually assaulted either at home or on public byways, at night or in the early morning hours, by a single aggressor, with vaginal penetration in more than half of the cases, with more physical injuries, and with more subsequent suicide attempts. The information should contribute to awareness-raising of policymakers, health professionals, researchers, and health field professors concerning the importance of reporting violence in order to help develop interventions to prevent such violence against women.

Violence against children and adolescents: notification and alert in times of pandemic / Violência contra crianças e adolescentes: notificações e alerta em tempos de pandemia

ABSTRACT Objective: Social isolation is currently identified as the best way to prevent the infection by the new coronavirus. However, for some social groups, such as children and adolescents, this measure carries a contradiction: the home, which should be the safest place for them, is also a frequent environment of a sad aggravation: domestic violence. This study aims to evaluate the notifications of interpersonal/self-inflicted violence available in the Information System for Notifiable Diseases in the State of Santa Catarina (southern Brazil), for the juvenile age group, before and during the new coronavirus pandemics. Methods: Cross-sectional, descriptive study of violence against children and adolescents (from 0 to 19 years) notified by health professionals by completing and entering the occurrence in the Information System for Notifiable Diseases of the State of Santa Catarina in 11 weeks in which the social isolation measure was instituted as mandatory, comparing with the same period before this measure. Results: During the study period, 136 municipalities in Santa Catarina made 1,851 notifications. There was a decrease of 55.3% of them in the isolation period, and the difficulties encountered in seeking protection and assistance institutions were listed. Conclusions: The society needs to be aware of possible cases of violence in the children and adolescent population. It is important to provide accessible, effective, and safe ways for complaints and notifications, as well as a quick response to the cases, aiming at protecting victims and minimizing damages to prevent the perpetuation of the violence.

RESUMO Objetivo: O isolamento social é identificado, no momento, como a melhor forma para evitar o contágio pelo novo coronavírus. Porém, para alguns grupos sociais, como crianças e adolescentes, essa medida carrega uma contradição: o lar, que deveria ser o local mais seguro para eles, é também um ambiente frequente de um triste agravo, a violência doméstica. Este estudo visou avaliar e comparar as notificações compulsórias de violências interpessoais/autoprovocadas disponíveis no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação do Estado de Santa Catarina, pré e pós-pandemia do novo coronavírus. Métodos: Estudo transversal, descritivo e analítico das violências contra crianças e adolescentes (de 0 a 19 anos de idade completos) notificadas pelos profissionais de saúde mediante o preenchimento e a inserção das ocorrências no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação do Estado de Santa Catarina, no período de 11 semanas em que foi instituída como obrigatória a medida de isolamento social, comparando tais eventos com os de igual período anterior a essa medida. Resultados: No período estudado, 136 municípios catarinenses realizaram 1.851 notificações. Houve diminuição de 55,3% destas no período de isolamento, listando-se possíveis dificuldades encontradas para a procura de instituições de proteção e assistência. Conclusões: Alerta-se para a necessidade de a sociedade estar atenta para a suspeita e evidência dos casos de violência na população infantojuvenil, e ressalta-se a importância de que sejam propiciadas formas acessíveis, eficazes e seguras, como incentivo para as denúncias, a notificação e o rápido atendimento dos casos, visando à proteção das vítimas, à minimização dos danos e, assim, ao impedimento da perpetuação da violência.

Vitimização e perpetração da violência por parceiro íntimo em idosos: estudo transversal, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 2013/2014 / Victimización y perpetración de violencia por pareja íntima en ancianos: estudio transversal, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil, 2013/2014 / Victimization and perpetration of intimate partner violence among elderly people: a cross-sectional study, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil, 2013/2014

Objetivo: Verificar a prevalência de violência por parceiro íntimo em idosos e identificar os fatores associados. Métodos: Estudo transversal de base populacional, oriundo do estudo EpiFloripa Idoso, com idosos residentes em Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil, entre 2013 e 2014. Foram descritas as prevalências e analisados os fatores associados por regressão de Poisson, para violência sofrida e perpetrada, estratificada por sexo. Resultados: Entre 651 idosos, 48,3% do sexo masculino e 46,4% do feminino sofreram violência por parceiro íntimo. A violência psicológica sofrida (48,3% e 44,8%) e perpetrada (49,8% e 44,5%) predominou nos sexos masculino e feminino, respectivamente. A violência perpetrada foi associada à autopercepção de saúde ruim/muito ruim (RP=1,74) para idosos homens, e à autopercepção de saúde regular (RP=1,53) e estado civil 'separada/divorciada' (RP=1,86) entre as idosas. Conclusão: Constatou-se uma simetria entre os sexos na prevalência de violência por parceiro íntimo, em todas as direcionalidades da violência analisadas.

Objetivo: Verificar la prevalencia de violencia por pareja íntima en ancianos e identificar factores asociados. Métodos: Estudio poblacional transversal, del estudio EpiFloripa Idoso, con ancianos residentes en Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil, entre 2013 y 2014. Se describieron las prevalencias y se analizaron los factores asociados por la regresión de Poisson, para la violencia sufrida y perpetrada (cometida por los ancianos), estratificada por sexo. Resultados: Entre 651 ancianos, 48,3% hombres y 46,4% mujeres sufrieron violencia cometida por la pareja. La violencia psicológica sufrida (48,3% y 44,8%) y perpetrada (49,8% y 44,5%) predominó en hombres y mujeres, respectivamente. La violencia perpetrada se asoció con la autopercepción de mala/ muy mala salud (RP=1,74) en los ancianos, autopercepción de salud regular (RP=1,53) y el estado civil separado / divorciado (RP=1,86) en las ancianas. Conclusión: Existió una simetría entre los sexos en la prevalencia de la violencia por pareja íntima, en todas las direcciones analizadas.

Objective: VTo verify prevalence of intimate partner violence among elderly people and to identify associated factors. Methods: This was a cross-sectional population-based study using data from the EpiFloripa Idoso Study, with elderly people living in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil, between 2013 and 2014. Prevalence rates were described and factors associated using Poisson regression were analyzed, for violence suffered and perpetrated, stratified by sex. Results: Among 651 elderly people, 48.3% of males and 46.4% of females suffered intimate partner violence. Psychological violence suffered (48.3% and 44.8%) and perpetrated (49.8% and 44.5%) predominated in males and females, respectively. Perpetrated violence was associated with poor/very poor self-perceived health (PR=1.74) among males, and with regular self-perceived health (PR=1.53) and separated/divorced marital status (PR=1.86) among females. Conclusion: Symmetry was found between the sexes for prevalence of intimate partner violence, for all directionalities of violence analyzed.

Caracterização das tentativas de suicídio e automutilações por adolescentes e adultos notificadas em Santa Catarina, 2014-2018 / Caracterización de intentos de suicidio y automutilación por adolescentes y adultos notificados en Santa Catarina, Brasil, 2014-2018 / Characterization of suicide attempts and self-harm by adolescents and adults notified in Santa Catarina, Brazil, 2014-2018

Objetivo: Caracterizar as tentativas de suicídio e automutilações por adolescentes e adultos, notificadas em Santa Catarina, Brasil, de 2014 a 2018. Métodos: Estudo transversal descritivo, com dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação. Compararam-se características sociodemográficas, clínicas e do tipo de violência autoprovocada, entre adolescentes e adultos. Resultados: Nas 8.859 notificações analisadas, as tentativas de suicídio predominaram em relação à automutilação; as violências autoprovocadas foram mais frequentes no sexo feminino, raça/cor da pele branca e presença de transtorno mental; e sua ocorrência foi maior na residência, para ambas as idades. Nos adolescentes, destacou-se a automutilação de repetição (83,3%); e nos adultos, as tentativas de suicídio de repetição (50,6%) e a suspeita de uso de álcool no momento da violência (18,3%). Conclusão: Identificou-se altas prevalências de tentativa de suicídio entre adolescentes e adultos; as características das violências foram semelhantes entre as faixas etárias analisadas.

Objetivo: Caracterizar los intentos de suicidio y automutilaciones por adolescentes y adultos, reportados en Santa Catarina, Brasil, de 2014 a 2018. Métodos: Estudio transversal descriptivo con datos del Sistema de Información de Agravamientos de Notificación. Se compararon las características sociodemográficas, clínicas y del tipo de violencia autoinfligida entre adolescentes y adultos. Resultados: Entre las 8.859 notificaciones, predominaron los intentos de suicidio en relación a la automutilación; la autolesión fue más frecuente en mujeres, de piel blanca, con trastornos mentales y ocurrieron en domicilio, en ambas edades. En los adolescentes se destacó la automutilación repetida (83,3%) y en los adultos, los intentos de suicidio repetidos (50,6%) y la sospecha de consumo de alcohol (18,3%) en el momento de la violencia. Conclusión: Se identificó una alta prevalencia de intento de suicidio entre adolescentes y adultos, las características de la violencia fueron similares entre los grupos de edad.

Objective: To characterize adolescent and adult suicide attempts and self-harm reported in Santa Catarina, Brazil, from 2014 to 2018. Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study with data from the Notifiable Health Conditions Information System. The sociodemographic, clinical and type of self-inflicted violence characteristics among adolescents and adults were compared. Results Among the 8,859 notifications analyzed, suicide attempts predominated in relation to self-mutilation; self-inflected violence was more frequent in females, those of white skin color and with mental disorders; it occurred more at home, in both age groups. Among adolescents, repeated self-mutilation (83.3%) stood out, while among adults, repeated suicide attempts (50.6%) and suspected alcohol use (18.3%) at the time of violence stood out. Conclusion: We identified high prevalence of attempted suicide among adolescents and adults; the characteristics of violence were similar between the age groups analyzed.

Qualidade de vida de mulheres e homens idosos em situação de violência por parceiro íntimo / Quality of life of older women and men in situations of intimate partner violence

Resumo Este artigo buscou investigar a associação entre a violência por parceiro íntimo (VPI) e os níveis de qualidade de vida (QV) e seus domínios (controle e autonomia; realização pessoal e prazer), em pessoas idosas. Realizou-se estudo transversal de base populacional da segunda onda (2013/2014) do Estudo EpiFloripa, com pessoas idosas (n=649), residentes em Florianópolis, SC, Sul do Brasil. As médias de QV e seus domínios foram descritas segundo as variáveis de ajuste (idade, renda, deficit cognitivo, sintomas depressivos e dependência de atividades de vida diária), estratificadas por sexo. Analisou-se a associação entre VPI e QV por meio de regressão linear múltipla, com significância estatística de 5%. Os escores médios de QV, bem como realização pessoal e prazer foram semelhantes entre os sexos, enquanto o controle e autonomia das mulheres foram significativamente inferiores em comparação aos homens (p=0,04). Observou- se menores escores de QV nas mulheres expostas à situação de violência, nas três direcionalidades analisadas: perpetrada (-3,15; IC95%: -4,84; -1,45), bidirecional (-2,59; IC95%: -4,10; -1,09) e sofrida (-1,62; IC95%: -3,06; -0,17) e as mais prejudicadas foram aquelas que cometeram agressões. O controle e autonomia foi afetado para as perpetradoras e envolvidas na violência bidirecional, enquanto menores escores de realização pessoal e prazer foram verificados entre as idosas, em quaisquer situações de violência. Os homens não tiveram sua QV prejudicada por estarem em situação de VPI, tanto vítimas como perpetradores dessa violência. Concluiu-se que a VPI possui impacto assimétrico sobre a QV de pessoas idosas em relação ao sexo, prejudicando com maior intensidade as mulheres.

Abstract The present paper sought to investigate the association between intimate partner violence (IPV) and the levels of quality of life (QoL) and its domains (control and autonomy; personal fulfillment and pleasure), in older people. A population-based cross-sectional study of the second wave (2013/2014) of the EpiFloripa Study was carried out with older people (n = 649) living in Florianópolis, SC, Southern Brazil. The average QoL score and their domains were described according to the adjustment variables (age, income, cognitive deficit, depressive symptoms, and dependence on activities of daily living) stratified by gender. The relation between IPV and QoL was analyzed using multiple linear regression with a statistical significance of 5%. The average scores of QoL, personal fulfillment, and pleasure were similar between genders, while control and women's autonomy were significantly lower compared to men (p= 0.04). Lower QoL scores were observed in women exposed to violence in the three directionalities analyzed: perpetrated (-3.15; 95%CI: -4.84; -1.45), bidirectional (-2.59; 95%CI: -4.10; -1.09), and suffered (-1,62; 95%CI: -3.06; -0.17); the most affected ones were those who were aggressive. The control and autonomy were affected for the perpetrators and those involved in bidirectional violence, while lower scores of personal fulfillment and pleasure were seen among the older women in any violent situation. Men did not have their QoL impaired due to IPV, neither as victims nor perpetrators of this violence. It was concluded that IPV has an asymmetric impact on the QoL of older people when it comes to gender with women being the most affected ones.

[Prevalence of intimate partner physical violence in men and women from Florianópolis, Santa Catarina State, Brazil: a population-based study]. / Prevalência de violência física por parceiro íntimo em homens e mulheres de Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil: estudo de base populacional.

This study investigated the association between gender and intimate partner physical violence. A random cluster sample was chosen as the baseline cohort population in a cross-sectional design. Lifetime prevalence rates were as follows: any physical violence (17%), moderate physical violence (16.6%), and severe physical violence (7.3%). There were no significant differences between genders in moderate physical violence, but women were more likely to suffer severe abuse. Logistic regression was used to identify associations between violence and gender, adjusting for exploratory variables. Women that were older, widowed/separated, had less schooling or lower income, and African-descendants were all more likely to have suffered intimate partner violence. Prevalence of severe physical violence experienced by men only changed significantly according to marital status. Alcohol abuse by women increased the odds of suffering physical violence.