The smartphone as a tool to screen for scoliosis, applicable by everyone.

PURPOSE (MAIN PURPOSES AND RESEARCH QUESTION): The purpose of this study is to assess the accuracy and precision of the smartphone with application and casing (Scolioscreen) compared to the Scoliometer. METHODS: The Axial Trunk Rotation (ATR) was measured in adolescent scoliosis patients visiting the outpatient clinic while performing the Adam Forward Bending Test. The Scolioscreen measurements were performed by the orthopedic surgeon and a parent. They were compared to the measurement with the Scoliometer by the orthopedic surgeon, the gold standard. The accuracy was determined with the Pearson's correlation coefficient, and precision was determined by assessing the intra- and inter-variability with the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). RESULTS: Fifty patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (44 girls) were included with a mean age of 14.1 years and a mean Cobb angle of 38.5°. The accuracy of both the parents and orthopedic surgeon was excellent with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.92 and 0.97, respectively. All the ICC's, both intra- and inter-observer, were over 0.92 demonstrating excellent precision. CONCLUSION: This study confirms the accuracy and precision of the Scolioscreen when measuring the ATR on patients with AIS. Therefore, the Scoliometer can be replaced by the more easily available Scolioscreen which can be used by both physician and parents.

Acetabular dysplasia and the risk of developing hip osteoarthritis at 2,5,8, and 10 years follow-up in a prospective nationwide cohort study (CHECK).

OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship between acetabular dysplasia (AD) and the risk of incident and end-stage radiographic hip osteoarthritis (RHOA) over 2,5,8 and 10 years. DESIGN: Individuals (n = 1002) aged between 45 and 65 from the prospective Cohort Hip and Cohort Knee (CHECK) were studied. Anteroposterior pelvic radiographs were obtained at baseline and 2,5,8, and 10-years follow-up. False profile radiographs were obtained at baseline. AD was defined as a lateral center edge angle, an anterior center edge angle, or both <25° at baseline. The risk of developing RHOA was determined at each follow-up moment. Incident RHOA was defined by Kellgren & Lawrence (KL) grade ≥2 or total hip replacement (THR), end-stage RHOA by a KL grade ≥3 or THR. Associations were expressed in odds ratios (OR) using logistic regression with generalized estimating equations. RESULTS: AD was associated with the development of incident RHOA at 2 years follow-up (OR 2.46, 95% CI 1.00-6.04), 5 years follow-up (OR 2.28, 95% CI 1.20-4.31), and 8 years follow-up (OR 1.86, 95%CI 1.22-2.83). AD was only associated with end-stage RHOA at 5 years follow-up (OR 3.75, 95% CI 1.02-13.77). No statistically significant associations were observed between AD and RHOA at 10-years follow-up. CONCLUSION: Baseline AD in individuals between 45 and 65 years is associated with an increased risk of developing RHOA within 2- and 5 years. However, this association seems to weaken after 8 years and disappears after 10 years.