Factors affecting the results of analgesic therapy. Results of the Russian multicentre study of NOTE (NSAID: Open-label Trial of Efficacy).

AIM: To identify factors affecting the effectiveness of NSAIDs in patients with OA and LBP. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An observational study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a 2-week course of NSAIDs in OA and LBP in real clinical practice. The study group consisted of 3604 patients with OA and LBP (60.6% women and 39.4% men, mean age 55.0±13.4 years). According to the study design, aceclofenac (Airtal) and other NSAIDs used in the ratio 1:1. The main criterion of effectiveness was the frequency of complete pain relief after 2 weeks of therapy. In addition, the decrease of pain and general health were determined on a 10-point numerical rating scale (NRS). We compared the frequency of complete pain relief in patients who had and did not have the studied factors. The value of the studied factors was determined using OR (95% CI). RESULTS: Most patients received aceclofenac (54.9%), as well as diclofenac (2.0%), ketoprofen (1.9%), lornoxicam (2.2%), meloxicam (13.7%), naproxen (2.1%), nimesulide (5.8%), celecoxib (5.9%), ethicoxib (7.1%) and other NSAIDs (4.4%); 56.2% of patients received muscle relaxants, mainly tolperisone (74.7%), vitamin B (10.4%), and proton pump inhibitors (42.8%). Complete pain relief was achieved in 54.8% of patients. The pain decrease and general health improvement were (for NRS) 63.9±13.4% and 61.7±14.8%, respectively. The efficacy of aceclofenac was slightly higher than in the whole group: complete pain relief was in 59.9% of patients. Adverse events in aceclofenac use were observed in 2.3% of patients, other NSAIDs-from 2.4 to 14.1%. The frequency of complete pain relief was higher in men: OR 1,239 (95% CI 1.08-1.418; p=0.002), who had the first episode of pain - OR 3.341 (95% CI 2.873-3.875; p=0.000), a good" response " to NSAIDs in history - OR 1.656 (95% CI 1.385-1.980; p=0.000) and received NSAIDs in combination with muscle relaxants - OR 1.218 (95% CI 1.067-1.390; p=0.004). The effect of therapy is lower in patients 65 years and older-OR 0,378 (95% CI 0.324-0.442; p=0,000), with body mass index >30 kg/m² - OR 0.619 (95% CI 0.529-0.723; p=0.000), with severe pain (≥7 points NRS) - OR 0.662 (95% CI 0.580-0.756; p=0.002), with pain at rest, - OR 0.515 (95% CI 0.450-0,589; p=0.000), pain at night - OR 0.581 (95% CI 0.501-0.672; p=0.000) and the presence of stiffness - OR 0.501 (95% CI 0.438-0,573; p=0.000). Treatment results are significantly worse in the cases of combination of LBP and joint pain, as well as pain in the trochanter major and pes anserinus area (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: NSAIDs are the first-line medications for the pain treatment in LBP and OA. Aceclofenac is effective and safe in this conditions. When carrying out analgesic therapy should take into account factors that affect the effectiveness of treatment: old age, overweight, insufficient effect of NSAIDs in history, severe pain, signs of "inflammatory" pain, multiple sources of pain.

[Food and biological value of the adapted acidophilous mixtures, Maliutka and Malysh]. / Izuchenie pishchevoi i biologicheskoi tsennosti adaptirovannykh atsidofil'nykh smesei "Maliutka" i "Malysh".

The new acidophilus liquid mixtures "Malyutka" and "Malysh" manufactured under industrial conditions were subjected to comprehensive physicochemical, microbiological and biological studies. Amino acids and fatty acids contained by the mixtures as well as their biological value were also examined.

[A new kind of dietetic bread enriched with dietary fiber]. / Novyi vid dieticheskogo khleba, obogashchennogo pishchevymi voloknami.

A new sort of dietetic bread has been developed with a 4-fold higher content of food cellulose fibers and a 25% lower fuel value. Such effect was achieved due to the use of qualitatively different sources of food fibers--wheat bran and methyl cellulose (MLI-100). The chemical composition of the new sort of bread has been presented and certain categories of patients have been specified who can use this bread in their diet.

[Paste-like sour milk product for infant nutrition]. / Pstoobraznyi kislomolochnyi produkt dlia detskogo pitaniia.

A paste-like sour milk manufactured by means of souring the milk base (condensed or recovered skim milk containing 28-30% of dry substances) and various food constituents with the use of a ferment prepared on the basis of pure cultures of acidophilic bacillus maintains its properties of a temperature of 4-6 degrees C for 30 days. The product is manufactured ready for use, and as regards the composition, it approximates breast milk after dilution with water (1 : 3). It may be recommended for infant feeding.

[Development of dry acidophilic mixtures for feeding young infants]. / Razrabotka sukhikh atsidofil'nykh smesei dlia vskarmlivaniia detei rannego vozrasta.

A procedure for dry acidophilic mixtures for feeding infants has been devised. Two methods for drying the mixtures, atomization and sublimation, have been studied. Comparative characteristics of the acidophilic mixtures are presented and the time course of self-oxidation of their fatty components during 6-month storage is described.

[Specialized acidophilus products in the nutrition of athletes]. / Spetsializirovannye atsidofil'nye produkty dlia pitaniia sportsmenov.

The formula and technology of manufacturing 2 types of acidophilic dry products (ADP-1 and ADP-2) for nutrition of the athletes engaged in speed skating and weight lifting were designed. The authors examined the chemical composition and alterations in the content of nitrous fractions on ADP storage. Trials of the products in the athletes provided favourable results.

[Biologic value of the protein component of dairy products used in infant nutrition]. / Biologicheskaia tsennost' belkovogo komponenta molochnykh produktov, ispol'zuemykh v pitanii detei grudnogo vozrasta

Chemical and biological methods were used in determining the biological value of dairy products ("Malyutka", "Malysh", B-rice, kephir and "Bebiron-I") employed in the nutrition of infants kept on artificial feeding. The results of these methods are found to accord well with each other. The highest biological value were found to possess the new Soviet-made substituents o