Posterior semicircular canal cupulolithiasis during acute pontomedullary demyelination.

Positional vertigo poses a diagnostic challenge in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). The characteristics of positional nystagmus and its response to repositioning manoeuvres are usually sufficient to diagnose benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). However, certain BPPV variants respond poorly to repositioning manoeuvres and their nystagmus pattern can resemble that of central positional vertigo caused by infratentorial demyelination. This diagnostic difficulty is particularly challenging if positional vertigo occurs during an MS relapse. We describe a woman with MS who developed a sixth nerve palsy and gaze-evoked nystagmus, caused by demyelination near or within areas classically involved in central positional vertigo. However, she also had positional vertigo from coincident BPPV (and not central positional vertigo). This was initially a treatment resistant-posterior semicircular canal cupulolithiasis but it later progressed to a posterior semicircular canal canalolithiasis, with symptoms promptly resolving after a repositioning manoeuvre.

X-chromosome STR markers data in a Cabo Verde immigrant population of Lisboa.

Population genetic data of 12 X chromosomal short tandem repeats markers (DXS10074, DXS10079, DXS10101, DXS10103, DXS10134, DXS10135, DXS10146, DXS10148, DXS7132, DXS7423, DXS8378 and HPRTB) were analysed in 54 females and 95 males of an immigrant population from Cabo Verde living in Lisboa. The obtained results for forensic statistical parameters such as observed heterozigosity, polymorphism information content, power of discrimination and mean exclusion chance, based on single allele frequencies, reveal that this multiplex system is highly informative and can represent an important tool for genetic identification purposes in the immigrant population of Cabo Verde. Since the studied short tandem repeats genetic markers are distributed on four linkage groups, that can provide independent genotype information, we studied those groups as haploytes. The forensic efficiency parameters for the linked groups were all higher than 0.97, with linkage group I being the most polymorphic and linkage group III the less informative.

Unlocking the potential of low-molecular-weight (Poly)phenol metabolites: Protectors at the blood-brain barrier frontier.

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are an increasing group of chronic and progressive neurological disorders that ultimately lead to neuronal cell failure and death. Despite all efforts throughout decades, their burden on individuals and society still casts one of the most massive socioeconomic problems worldwide. The neuronal failure observed in NDDs results from an intricacy of events, mirroring disease complexity, ranging from protein aggregation, oxidative stress, (neuro)inflammation, and even blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction, ultimately leading to cognitive and motor symptoms in patients. As a result of such complex pathobiology, to date, there are still no effective treatments to treat/halt NDDs progression. Fortunately, interest in the bioavailable low molecular weight (LMW) phenolic metabolites derived from the metabolism of dietary (poly)phenols has been rising due to their multitargeted potential in attenuating multiple NDDs hallmarks. Even if not highly BBB permeant, their relatively high concentrations in the bloodstream arising from the intake of (poly)phenol-rich diets make them ideal candidates to act within the vasculature and particularly at the level of BBB. In this review, we highlight the most recent - though still scarce - studies demonstrating LMW phenolic metabolites' ability to modulate BBB homeostasis, including the improvement of tight and adherens junctional proteins, as well as their power to decrease pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion and oxidative stress levels in vitro and in vivo. Specific BBB-permeant LMW phenolic metabolites, such as simple phenolic sulfates, have been emerging as strong BBB properties boosters, pleiotropic compounds capable of improving cell fitness under oxidative and pro-inflammatory conditions. Nevertheless, further studies should be pursued to obtain a holistic overview of the promising role of LMW phenolic metabolites in NDDs prevention and management to fully harness their true therapeutic potential.

Cervical Whiplash Syndrome: A Case Report of a Work Accident.

Cervical whiplash syndrome (CWS) or whiplash syndrome is a highly debated concept because there is still no consensus on its definition -- symptoms are usually very severe but the pain's root cause is typically uncertain. Clinical investigation and detailed radiology seldom identify a specific pathology. Thus, soft tissue injury is generally considered the most likely explanation for the symptoms, although it is difficult to confirm, even by MRI. We describe the clinical case of a physical education teacher who suffers an accident in one of her classes. The following day she is assessed at the emergency department and, after undergoing a radiological study of the cervical spine, she is diagnosed with straight cervical spine (kyphosis). She is observed again seven days later due to persistent pain but sent home with unchanged indications for rest and medication. After that her cervicobrachialgia progressively worsens, limiting her left shoulder active mobility and leading to associated muscle atrophy (in addition to a burnout syndrome). Several years after she is considered to have a total permanent disability. Finally, the authors propose that CWS should be approached according to the post-traumatic bodily injury evaluation methodology, suggesting some interventions.

Privacy and data protection in the surveillance society: The case of the Prüm system.

The simultaneous localisation and globalisation of 'terrorist threats' and cross-border criminality have led to increased expansion of surveillance activities and greater cross-border police and judicial cooperation, placing a greater priority on these activities within the political agenda of the EU. In this scenario, the expansion of technological systems for surveillance and monitoring, and the large-scale exchange of citizens' personal data play a pivotal role in the "fight against crime". This paper explores the multiplicity of data protection regimes in different EU Member States within the framework of the Prüm system. While EU regulations establish minimum standards for personal data flows at the transnational level, local and domestic practices are extremely heterogeneous. Based on analysis of 37 interviews conducted with professionals involved in the automated exchange of forensic genetic profiles, this paper provides empirical data that highlights the tensions between the local and the global within DNA data exchanges across the EU. These tensions relate to differentiated sociotechnical imaginaries regarding the protection of personal data flowing between Member-States. In sum, this paper analyses the potential threats to human rights created by the exchange of personal data with regards to issues of privacy and data protection.

A efetividade de ações de educação em saúde na adoção de hábitos saudáveis: revisão integrativa / The effectiveness of health education actions in adopting healthy habits: integrative review / La efetividad de la educación en salud para adopción de hábitos saludables: revisión integradora

Mudanças no estilo de vida, principalmente nos dois últimos séculos, vêm favorecendo um desbalanço entre o aporte calórico ingerido e a prática de atividades físicas, resultando em alta prevalência de sobrepeso, obesidade e alta morbimortalidade por doenças crônicas não transmissíveis. Promover a adesão a um estilo de vida mais saudável é um desafio para os profissionais de saúde. Dessa forma, decidimos analisar o que a literatura sugere sobre a efetividade das ações de educação em saúde na adesão a hábitos de vida saudáveis, especialmente relativos à dieta e à prática de atividades físicas. Este estudo trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada em formato interpares, nas bases de dados Pubmed, Medline, BVS, Lilacs e Scielo. Para tanto, foram selecionados 11 estudos publicados entre 2008 e 2019. Entre esses, dois correspondem a estudos transversais, nove ensaios clínicos controlados e randomizados, e, desses, um controlado por cluster. A intensidade e duração da adesão às mudanças variaram entre os estudos. De modo geral, foram mais efetivas as intervenções em grupo com combinação de estratégias, naquelas com corresponsabilização dos participantes e nas intervenções de longo prazo. A literatura aponta que as intervenções educacionais são efetivas, com grande potencial para promover melhoria na qualidade de vida da população. A variedade metodológica nos estudos inviabilizou análises comparativas e suscitou a realização de mais estudos sobre o tema.

Changes in lifestyle in the last two centuries have been favoring an imbalance between caloric intake and the practice of physical activities, resulting in a high prevalence of overweight, obesity, morbidity and mortality by chronic, non-transmissible diseases. Promoting a healthier lifestyle is a challenge for healthcare professionals. To analyze what academic literature points to regarding the effectivity of health education measures in the adherence to healthier habits, especially those related to diets and the practice of physical activities. This is an integrative review of literature, done in peer format, based on the Pubmed, Medline, BVS, Lilacs, and Scielo databases. Eleven studies published between 2008 and 2019 were selected, of which two are cross-sectional studies. The remaining nine were controlled and randomized clinical studies, of which one was a cluster-controlled study. The intensity and duration of adherence to changes varied between the studies. In general, a strategy combining group interventions was more effective, primarily when using strategies aiming participants co-responsibilities and long-term interventions. The literature points to educational interventions being effective, with great potential to promote a positive change in the population's quality of life. The methodological variety in the studies made unfeasible to perform comparative analysis and highlights the need for more studies about the topic.

Cambios en el estilo de vida, principalmente en los dos últimos siglos, vienen favoreciendo a un desequilibrio entre el aporte calórico ingerido y la practica de actividades físicas, resultando en la alta prevalencia de sobrepeso, obesidad y alta morbimortalidad por enfermedades crónicas no trasmisibles. Promover la adhesión a un estilo de vida más saludable es un desafío para los profesionales de salud. Analizar lo que la literatura apunta sobre la efectividad de acciones de educación en salud en la adhesión a hábitos de vida saludables, especialmente los relativos a la dieta y a la practica de actividades físicas. Tratase de una revisión integrativa de la literatura, hecha en forma inter-pares, en las bases de datos Pubmed, Medline, BVS, Lilacs y Scielo. Fueran seleccionados 11 estudios publicados entre 2008 y 2019. Entre esos, 2 fueran estudios trasversales, 9 ensayos clínicos controlados y aleatorios, y, de estos, 1 fue controlado por cluster. La intensidad y duración de la adhesión a los cambios variaran entre los estudios. De manera general, fueran más efectivas las intervenciones en grupo con combinación de estrategias, en aquellas con corresponsabilización de los participantes y en las intervenciones de largo plazo. La literatura apunta que las intervenciones educacionales son efectivas, con grande potencial para promover la mejora de la cualidad de vida de la población. La variedad metodológica en los estudios inviabilizó a análisis comparativos y resalta a la realización de más estudios sobre el tema.

Cyclodextrin-Based Ionic Liquids as Enantioselective Stationary Phases in Gas Chromatography.

New permethylated mono-6-deoxy-6-pyridin-1-ium and mono-6-deoxy-6-(1-vinyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium)-α- and -ß-cyclodextrin trifluoromethanesulfonate ionic liquids were synthesized from the corresponding permethylated mono-6-hydroxycyclodextrins in a one-pot reaction and solvent-free procedure. Regioselective transformation of native α- and ß-cyclodextrins with the use of a bulky tert-butyldiphenylsilyl protecting group afforded the desired 6-monosubstituted permethylated cyclodextrin derivatives in moderate yields. The new ionic liquids were tested as stationary phases in capillary GC columns towards chiral discrimination in enantio-GC analysis of racemic mixtures. The permethylated 6-deoxy-6-pyridin-1-ium-α-cyclodextrin trifluoromethanesulfonate displayed good enantiomeric separations for some racemic esters and lactones, as well as epoxides. In particular, for both the racemic whiskey lactone and the high boiling point menthyl laurate, not successfully separated in a commercial cyclodextrin phase, the enantiomeric separations were achieved isothermally at 140 °C.

Seguimiento de cinco años de la leucoplasia de la mucosa bucal en pacientes de Holguín / Oral Mucous Leukoplakia Follow up of Five Years in Patients of Holguín

Introducción: la leucoplasia de la mucosa bucal es una lesión predominantemente blanca de la mucosa bucal que no puede ser caracterizada como ninguna otra lesión bien definida y se puede transformar en cáncer.Objetivo: determinar la relación entre la edad, el sexo, el alcoholismo y el tabaquismo como factores de riesgo en la evolución de la leucoplasia de la mucosa bucal.Métodos: se realizó un estudio de cohorte con 129 pacientes cuyo diagnóstico histopatológico definitivo fue la leucoplasia de la mucosa bucal en el período comprendido entre enero 2009-diciembre 2014 en las clínicas estomatológicas de los municipios Holguín, Urbano Noris y Moa. Se revisaron las tarjetas de control y las historias clínicas, se citaron a los cinco años a 88 pacientes que permanecieron en el área de salud para reexaminarlos. Resultados: en la reexaminación había 16 pacientes con recidiva de la lesión, el grupo de edad de 60 años y más fue el más afectado con 11 individuos y el sexo masculino con 13 pacientes. Hubo asociación significativa entre el hábito de tabaquismo, de alcoholismo y la reaparición de la leucoplasia de la mucosa bucal. El riesgo relativo de padecer la enfermedad es de 3,44 (IC= 2,13 5,55) en los pacientes con hábito de tabaquismo y 3,9 (IC = 2,34 - 6,48) con hábito de alcoholismo.Conclusiones: el mayor número de pacientes pertenecieron al grupo de edad de 60 y más años y al sexo masculino. Existió relación significativa entre los hábitos de tabaquismo y alcoholismo, así como, una mayor probabilidad de recidiva de la leucoplasia de la mucosa bucal en presencia de estos hábitos.(AU)

Introduction: leukoplakia of the buccal mucosa is a predominantly white lesion that cannot be characterized as any other well defined lesion and can be turn into cancer.Objective: to determine the relationship between age, sex, alcoholism and smoking as risk factors in the leukoplakia development.Methods: a cohort study was carried out with 129 patients whose definitive histopathological diagnosis was oral mucosal leukoplakia. The study was done between January 2009 and December 2014 at dental clinics from Holguín, Urbano Noris and Moa municipalities. Control cards and clinical histories were reviewed. After five years, 88 patients were reexamined.Results: there were 16 patients with recurrent leukoplakia on oral examination. The most affected group of 60 years old and over (11 patients) and the male sex with 13 individuals. There was a significant relationship between smoking and alcoholism and recurrent leukoplakia. The average risk to suffer from the disease is 3.44 (CI= 2.13 5.55) related to smoking, and 3.9 (CI = 2.34 6.48) related to alcoholism.Conclusions: the majority of male patients were from the age group of 60 years and over. There was a relevant relationship between smoking and alcoholism, as well as, the probability to have a recurrent lesion in patients with these habits.(AU)

Seguimiento de cinco años de la leucoplasia de la mucosa bucal en pacientes de Holguín / Oral Mucous Leukoplakia Follow up of Five Years in Patients of Holguín

Introducción: la leucoplasia de la mucosa bucal es una lesión predominantemente blanca de la mucosa bucal que no puede ser caracterizada como ninguna otra lesión bien definida y se puede transformar en cáncer. Objetivo: determinar la relación entre la edad, el sexo, el alcoholismo y el tabaquismo como factores de riesgo en la evolución de la leucoplasia de la mucosa bucal. Métodos: se realizó un estudio de cohorte con 129 pacientes cuyo diagnóstico histopatológico definitivo fue la leucoplasia de la mucosa bucal en el período comprendido entre enero 2009-diciembre 2014 en las clínicas estomatológicas de los municipios Holguín, Urbano Noris y Moa. Se revisaron las tarjetas de control y las historias clínicas, se citaron a los cinco años a 88 pacientes que permanecieron en el área de salud para reexaminarlos. Resultados: en la reexaminación había 16 pacientes con recidiva de la lesión, el grupo de edad de 60 años y más fue el más afectado con 11 individuos y el sexo masculino con 13 pacientes. Hubo asociación significativa entre el hábito de tabaquismo, de alcoholismo y la reaparición de la leucoplasia de la mucosa bucal. El riesgo relativo de padecer la enfermedad es de 3,44 (IC= 2,13 - 5,55) en los pacientes con hábito de tabaquismo y 3,9 (IC = 2,34 - 6,48) con hábito de alcoholismo. Conclusiones: el mayor número de pacientes pertenecieron al grupo de edad de 60 y más años y al sexo masculino. Existió relación significativa entre los hábitos de tabaquismo y alcoholismo, así como, una mayor probabilidad de recidiva de la leucoplasia de la mucosa bucal en presencia de estos hábitos.

Introduction: leukoplakia of the buccal mucosa is a predominantly white lesion that cannot be characterized as any other well defined lesion and can be turn into cancer. Objective: to determine the relationship between age, sex, alcoholism and smoking as risk factors in the leukoplakia development. Methods: a cohort study was carried out with 129 patients whose definitive histopathological diagnosis was oral mucosal leukoplakia. The study was done between January 2009 and December 2014 at dental clinics from Holguín, Urbano Noris and Moa municipalities. Control cards and clinical histories were reviewed. After five years, 88 patients were reexamined. Results: there were 16 patients with recurrent leukoplakia on oral examination. The most affected group of 60 years old and over (11 patients) and the male sex with 13 individuals. There was a significant relationship between smoking and alcoholism and recurrent leukoplakia. The average risk to suffer from the disease is 3.44 (CI= 2.13 - 5.55) related to smoking, and 3.9 (CI = 2.34 - 6.48) related to alcoholism. Conclusions: the majority of male patients were from the age group of 60 years and over. There was a relevant relationship between smoking and alcoholism, as well as, the probability to have a recurrent lesion in patients with these habits.

Presentación de un paciente con perforación radicular como complicación del tratamiento endodóntico / Presentation of a Patient with Radicular Perforation as a Complication of Endodontic Treatment

Las perforaciones radiculares son una complicación indeseada del tratamiento endodóntico que provoca la pérdida de la integridad de la raíz y posterior destrucción del tejido periodontal adyacente. Se presentó el caso de una adolescente con perforaciones radiculares de 21 y 22 como complicación de un tratamiento endodóntico previo con fístulas a nivel de la encía adherida y con factores de riesgo de mal pronóstico para el tratamiento conservador. Se realizó un tratamiento combinado: tratamiento pulpo radicular convencional y abordaje quirúrgico de las perforaciones. Estas fueron obturadas con amalgama de plata y en un segundo tiempo, para mejorar la estética de la restauración, se retiró la obturación de amalgama que interesaba el tercio cervical del diente sustituyéndola por un compómero. El resultado del tratamiento realizado, tanto desde el punto de vista estético, como funcional, fue exitoso y la paciente conservó los dientes después de un año de seguimiento(AU)

Radicular perforations are undesired complications of endodontic treatment which causes the loss of integrity of the root and further destruction of the adjacent periodontal tissues. A teenager with root perforations at 21 and 22 levels as a complication of a previous endodontic treatment with fistulae to gingiva and risk factors of poor prognosis for conservative treatment as was reported. A combined treatment was performed: conventional endodontic treatment and surgical intervention of perforations. The perforations were sealed with silver amalgam and in a second time, to improve the aesthetics of the restoration, amalgam at cervical level was removed and filled with resin. The treatment was successful and after one year the patient preserved the teeth with good function and aesthetics(AU)

Presentación de un paciente con perforación radicular como complicación del tratamiento endodóntico / Presentation of a Patient with Radicular Perforation as a Complication of Endodontic Treatment

Las perforaciones radiculares son una complicación indeseada del tratamiento endodóntico que provoca la pérdida de la integridad de la raíz y posterior destrucción del tejido periodontal adyacente. Se presentó el caso de una adolescente con perforaciones radiculares de 21 y 22 como complicación de un tratamiento endodóntico previo con fístulas a nivel de la encía adherida y con factores de riesgo de mal pronóstico para el tratamiento conservador. Se realizó un tratamiento combinado: tratamiento pulpo radicular convencional y abordaje quirúrgico de las perforaciones. Estas fueron obturadas con amalgama de plata y en un segundo tiempo, para mejorar la estética de la restauración, se retiró la obturación de amalgama que interesaba el tercio cervical del diente sustituyéndola por un compómero. El resultado del tratamiento realizado, tanto desde el punto de vista estético, como funcional, fue exitoso y la paciente conservó los dientes después de un año de seguimiento.

Radicular perforations are undesired complications of endodontic treatment which causes the loss of integrity of the root and further destruction of the adjacent periodontal tissues. A teenager with root perforations at 21 and 22 levels as a complication of a previous endodontic treatment with fistulae to gingiva and risk factors of poor prognosis for conservative treatment as was reported. A combined treatment was performed: conventional endodontic treatment and surgical intervention of perforations. The perforations were sealed with silver amalgam and in a second time, to improve the aesthetics of the restoration, amalgam at cervical level was removed and filled with resin. The treatment was successful and after one year the patient preserved the teeth with good function and aesthetics.

Avaliação da função respiratória: comparação entre valores de referência percentuais fixos e o 5º percentil para diagnóstico de obstrução das vias aéreas / Lung function evaluation: comparing fixed percentage reference values vs. the 5th percentile in the diagnosis of airway obstruction

Introdução: Têm sido utilizados critérios fixos para avaliação funcional de doentes com patologia respiratória. É atualmente recomendado pelas orientações internacionais a utilização preferencial do limite inferior do normal (LIN) e limite superior do normal (LSN) (inferior ou superior ao 5º percentil). Objetivo: Comparar os resultados das provas de função respiratória(PFR), utilizando os valores percentuais fixos versus 5º percentil (método de referência), como limites da normalidade, no diagnóstico funcional de obstrução das vias aéreas. Métodos: Análise retrospetiva dos registos de PFR (espirometria e pletismografia corporal) efetuados pelos autores em 2011. Foi avaliada a concordância entre os dois métodos na amostra global, sendoos doentes distribuídos por faixas etárias. Posteriormente foram selecionadas as PFR com razãoVEF1/CV < LIN. Nestas, foram analisados os parâmetros VEF1, CVF, CPT e VR quando considerados o 5º percentil versus valores percentuais fixos. A análise estatística for realizada utilizando-seo kappa de Cohen. Resultados: Em 2011, 1.358 indivíduos realizaram PFR. Foram excluídos 8por dados incompletos. De forma geral, o grau de concordância entre os dois critérios foi bom(valor de Kappa = 0,655±0,035). Entretanto, entre os 124 doentes que apresentavam obstrução pelo LIN, 32 (26%) tiveram um teste normal pelo cut-off de 0,70, pelo que seriam erroneamente sub diagnosticados. Este fato foi verificado apenas nas faixas etárias mais jovens, enquanto nos grupos etários mais idosos se observou uma elevada taxa de sobre diagnóstico (51 indivíduos,36%). Entre os doentes com obstrução, a concordância para os restantes parâmetros foi boa,exceto para a hiper insuflação diagnosticada por CPT. Conclusão: A utilização de valores percentuais fixos para diagnóstico de obstrução resulta em elevada taxa de subdiagnóstico em idades jovens e sobrediagnóstico em idade avançadas.

Introduction: Fixed criteria have been traditionally used in the functional characterization ofpatients with respiratory disease. International guidelines currently recommend the preferentialuse of the lower limit of normal (LLN) and the upper limit of normal (ULN) (below or above the5th percentile). Objective: To compare the results of lung function (LF) tests obtained in clinicalpractice for the diagnosis of airway obstruction using fixed percentage values vs. the 5th percentile(reference standard) as normality limit. Methods: LF tests (spirometry and body plethysmography)performed in 2011 by the authors were retrospectively analyzed. Concordance between bothmethods in the global sample was evaluated, and data were analyzed according to age group.Patients meeting criteria for airway obstruction (FEV1/VC ratio < LLN) were selected and had thefollowing variables analyzed considering the 5th percentile vs. fixed percentage values: FEV1/VC,FEV1, FVC, TLC, and RV. Statistical analysis was performed using Cohen’s kappa. Results: Over the year 2011, 1,358 subjects underwent LF tests; eight were excluded due to incomplete data.Overall, the concordance rate between the two criteria was good (kappa value = 0.655±0.035).However, of the 124 patients diagnosed with obstruction using the LLN, 32 (26%) showed a normaltest using the 0.70 cut-off, and would therefore be underdiagnosed. These results were foundonly in younger age groups, while in older patients a high rate of overdiagnosis was observed (51subjects, 36%). Among patients diagnosed with airway obstruction, concordance between the twocriteria was good for the remaining parameters, except for hyperinflation diagnosed with TLC.Conclusion: The use of fixed percentage values in the diagnosis of airway obstruction leads toa high rate of underdiagnosis in younger patients and overdiagnosis in older ones.

Enfermedades bucales en el adulto mayor / Oral Diseases in the Elderly

El número de adultos mayores, está incrementándose notablemente a nivel mundial, en nuestro país constituye un reto para las autoridades sanitarias y los sistemas de salud pública. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de las principales investigaciones procesadas en la base de datos Medline, con el objetivo de actualizar los conocimientos sobre las enfermedades bucales que con mayor frecuencia afectan al adulto mayor. Los ancianos tienen un riesgo mayor de desarrollar enfermedades crónicas de la boca y que incluyen las infeccionescaries, periodontitis, pérdida dentaria, lesiones benignas de la mucosa y cáncer bucal. Otras condiciones que aparecen con mayor frecuencia son la xerostomía generalmente secundaria a medicaciones y la candidiasis bucal. Es función del estomatólogo ayudar a estos pacientes a mantener una buena salud bucal mediante la identificación de los factores de riesgo, el reconocimiento y diferenciación de los cambios normales propios de la edad de los patológicos y la solución de los problemas de salud bucal que les afectan para ofrecerles una mayor calidad de vida(AU)...

The number of older persons all over the world is increasing and it is a challenge for public health systems. A literature review was performed by using Medline data base of with the objective of improving the knowledge about oral diseases that affect the elderly. They are at risk of chronic diseases of the mouth, including oral infections caries, periodontitis, tooth loss, benign mucosal lesions, and oral cancer. Xerostomia caused by medications and oral candidiasis represent other oral disorders that affect this population. The dentist may help these people to maintain good oral health by assessing risk, recognizing normal changes of this age, including different pathologies, and the solutions of oral problems for a better quality of life of this people(AU)...

Comportamiento de la atención estomatológica preventiva en pacientes de 10-14 años en la provincia Holguín / Preventive Dental Care Behaviour in Patients between 10 and 14 years Old in Holguín Province

Antecedentes: el estado de salud constituye un indicador excelente de la eficacia del sistema de salud, así como una herramienta para la demostración de la superioridad de la medicina preventiva sobre la puramente curativa. Es muy importante mantener una correcta salud bucal como parte integrante activa de la salud general del organismo. Objetivos: determinar el comportamiento de la atención estomatológica preventiva en pacientes con edades comprendidas entre los y los 14 años en la Clínica Estomatológica Docente Dr. Mario Pozo Ochoa, de Holguín, en el periodo 2008-2010. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo longitudinal retrospectivo que abarcó el período 2008-2010, donde se analizó el grupo de pacientes comprendidos entre 10 y 14 años de edad de la Provincia Holguín. Añadir información, esta información quedó comprendida en el objetivo casi toda. Resultados: en 2008, se realizaron 5,39 enjuagatorios por habitante en la provincia, en 2010, esta cifra ascendió a 7,81. Con respecto al control de placa dento-bacteriana se logró garantizar el alta a la totalidad de los pacientes examinados, y con relación a la cobertura en el trienio analizado, el año 2010 mostró los mejores resultados con el 80, por ciento. Conclusiones: En 2010 se realizó un mayor número de enjuagatorios de flúor por paciente, para el control de placa dento-bacteriana; se logró garantizar el alta a la totalidad de los pacientes examinados y en la cobertura, en el trienio analizado el año 2010 mostró los mejores resultados(AU)...

Backgrounds: health status is an excellent indicator of the effectiveness of the health system, as well as a tool for demonstrating the superiority of preventive medicine on curative one. It is very important to maintain proper oral health as an integral part of the overall health. Objectives: the aim of the study was to determine the behavior of dental care in these patients. Methods: a retrospective, longitudinal study covering the period 2008-2010, witch the group of patients between 10 and 14 years of Holguín province is realized. Results: in 2008, were performed (5.39) fluoride mouthwashes per capita in the province, in 2010, this figure rose to (7.81). With respect to plaque control was achieved dento-bacterial high to ensure all patients examined, and with regard to coverage in the period under review, the year 2010 showed the best results with (80.3) percent.Conclusions: in 2010 there was a higher prevalence of fluoride mouthwash per patient (7.81) that represented (48.8) percent; regarding the dental bacterial plaque control, the total of patients was discharged, the year 2010 showed the best results with (80.3)percent within the selected period of time(AU)...

Litiasis del conducto de Wharton en la glándula submaxilar derecha / Wharton's duct lithiasis in the right submaxillary gland

Se presenta una revisión bibliográfica actualizada sobre las características clínicas y radiográficas de las litiasis de las glándulas salivales mayores y especialmente de la submaxilar, así como también acerca de los criterios terapéuticos de esta afección. Como valor agregado se describe el caso de un paciente con litiasis múltiple en el conducto de la glándula submaxilar (cuadro clínico, tratamiento y evolución)

Antecedentes y perspectivas de la Estomatología en Cuba / Backgrounds and perspectives of the Odontology in Cuba

Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica con el objetivo de exponer los antecedentes de la estomatología en Cuba, la transformación que se ha venido operando en el transcurso de los años, en congruencia con los cambios políticos sociales realizado por el pueblo cubano. Se exponen cronológicamente los avances alcanzados hasta el momento actual, así como sus perspectivas futuras. La Estomatología en nuestro país tiene antecedentes que se remontan a nuestros aborígenes, pasando por diversos momentos históricos concretos enriqueciéndose hasta el día de hoy en que toma dimensiones cualitativamente superiores, que contribuyen a elevar la salud bucal y mejorar la calidad de vida de la población. A partir del triunfo de la revolución hasta nuestros días, ha crecido como ciencia y en estos momentos se encuentra en una etapa de florecimiento científico, se ha continuado un desarrollo acelerado apoyado por nuestro Comandante en Jefe, introduciendo tecnologías de avanzadas, perfeccionando la calidad de la docencia e incrementando la solidaridad e internacionalismo con pueblos hermanos. Al ser el trabajo una recopilación bibliográfica, ha sido necesario recurrir a información dispersa en documentos, revista, libros y en la red INFOMED