[Punctal stenosis: etiology, diagnosis, treatment]. / Stenoz sleznoi tochki: etiologiya, diagnostika, lechenie.

This article reviews etiological factors in the development of lacrimal punctal stenosis, modern diagnostic techniques, as well as both conservative and surgical treatment methods. The presented analysis is based on data from 67 literary sources, which provide information on conventional and high-tech examination and treatment methods of patients with lacrimal punctal stenosis. Particular attention is paid to various aspects of punctoplasty - the most common surgical intervention used to treat this pathology.

[Optical coherence tomography in the diagnosis of pathologies of the horizontal portion of the lacrimal drainage system]. / Opticheskaya kogerentnaya tomografiya v diagnostike patologii gorizontal'nogo otdela slezootvodyashchikh putei.

This article reviews literature on the use of optical coherence tomography in studying the anatomical structure of the proximal lacrimal drainage system, as well as in diagnosing its pathological changes. Determining the reference values of the parameters of the lacrimal punctum and the lacrimal canaliculus remains an important issue. The review describes the advantages and disadvantages of this method, as well as the prospects for its application in clinical practice.

[Modern methods in diagnostics of lacrimal system vertical part obliteration]. / Sovremennye metody diagnostiki obliteratsii slezootvodyashchikh putei.

A review of the literature is devoted to the description of modern diagnostic methods that are directed at detecting lacrimal pathway obstruction. The presented analysis is based on the study of data from Russian and foreign literary sources on both routine and high-tech lacrimal system examination methods, as well as on authors' experience in studying the diagnostic efficiency of imaging methods such as lacrimal scintigraphy, computed tomography with lacrimal pathway contrasting, and also single photon emission computed tomography. The article gives information about the advantages and disadvantages of the presented methods, highlights the questions of the prospects of their usage in practical dacryology.

[Modern methods in treatment of lacrimal system vertical part obliteration]. / Sovremennye metody lecheniya obliteratsii vertikal'nogo otdela slezootvodyashchikh putei.

A review of the literature is devoted to the description of modern methods in treatment of lacrimal system vertical part obliteration. Particular attention is paid to various aspects of the most common surgical intervention - endonasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy.

[The development of posttraumatic maxillary sinusitis due to transconjunctival penetration of a foreign body with a fracture of the lower wall of the orbit]. / Razvitie posttravmaticheskogo verkhnechelyustnogo sinusita vsledstvie transkon"yunktival'nogo proniknoveniya inorodnogo tela s perelomom nizhnei stenki orbity.

The article presents a clinical example of the course of posttraumatic acute purulent sinusitis with reactive soft tissue phenomena due to the previous injury of the orbit by a foreign body, the introduction of the latter into orbit and the maxillary sinus result in a fracture of the lower wall of the orbit. A feature of the injury is the penetration of a foreign body through the conjunctiva of the lower eyelid and lower conjunctival fornix, without damaging the skin. This case is professionally interesting for both young doctors and experienced specialists in otolaryngology, ophthalmology, maxillofacial surgery and neurosurgery. Experts, analyzing this clinical example, will be able to correctly diagnose, effectively eliminate the inflammatory process in the maxillary sinus.