Longitudinal Microvascular Changes on Optical Coherence Tomographic Angiography after Macula-Off Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Repair Surgery.

PURPOSE: To investigate longitudinal changes and associated factors for microvascular parameters in macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) after repair surgery. METHODS: This is a retrospective study of 34 eyes with macula-off RRD. The foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area and parafoveal vessel density were recorded every 3 months for 1 year after surgery. We analyzed 3 × 3 mm and 6 × 6 mm swept-source optical coherence tomographic (OCT) angiography images to quantify microvascular parameters. Individual clinical factors and pre- and postoperative OCT images were analyzed to find factors associated with changes in the FAZ area and vessel density 12 months after surgery. RESULTS: The differences in FAZ area and vessel density between the operated and fellow eye at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months postoperatively were 0.127 ± 0.05, 0.111 ± 0.06, 0.108 ± 0.07, and 0.105 ± 0.06 mm2 and 4.33 ± 1.42, 3.56 ± 2.05, 2.73 ± 1.72, and 2.61 ± 1.71/mm. Preoperative sensory retina thickness and surgical methods significantly correlated with decreased vessel density at 12 months. Surgical method-based analysis found that postoperative vessel density damage in the pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) group was more prominent than in the buckling group. CONCLUSION: After macula-off RRD surgery, microvascular parameters were impaired after successful anatomical repair but recovered over 12 months. The PPV group exhibited significantly lower postoperative parafoveal vessel density than the buckling group.

Comparison of clinical outcomes between intense pulsed light therapy using two different filters in meibomian gland dysfunction: prospective randomized study.

Our study compared treatment efficacy between cut-off and notch filters in intense pulsed light (IPL) therapy for meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) through a prospective, randomized paired-eye trial. Additionally, the efficacy of IPL treatment alone was investigated by restricting other conventional treatments. One eye was randomly selected for an acne filter and the other for a 590-nm filter. Identical four regimens of IPL treatments were administered. The tear break-up time (TBUT), Oxford scale, Sjögren's International Clinical Collaborative Alliance (SICCA) staining score, tear matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) expression, tear osmolarity, and Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaires were evaluated before and after IPL. Meibomian gland (MG) parameters were measured. When combining the results from both filters, the TBUT, SICCA staining score, OSDI score, and upper and lower lid meibum expressibility were improved after IPL. No significant differences were found between the two filters in the TBUT, Oxford scale, SICCA staining score, MMP-9 expression, tear osmolarity, and MG parameters. Although not significant, the acne filter showed better treatment efficacy than that in the 590-nm filter. IPL alone is efficacious in terms of ocular surface parameters, MG function, and subjective symptoms. Regarding filter selection, both acne and 590-nm filters are promising options for MGD treatment.