RESUMO
The increase in single-parent families, step-families, maternal employment, and young children in substitute care are among several important changes in the American family in recent decades. Although it is not clear that these changes necessarily lead to negative outcomes in children, it is apparent that a variety of potential risks and challenges confront many families today. Pediatricians can play a valuable role by helping families to adjust and cope with certain difficulties, such as divorce. However, in other areas such as child care, changes in public policies and programs are needed to better support families to optimally nurture their children.
Assuntos
Desenvolvimento Infantil , Família , Adolescente , Criança , Educação Infantil , Divórcio , Características da Família , Feminino , Pessoas Mal Alojadas/psicologia , Humanos , Pobreza , Gravidez , Gravidez na Adolescência , Fatores de Risco , Pais Solteiros/psicologiaRESUMO
A conceptualization of coping and adaptation following victimization is presented from a life-span developmental perspective. Recovery is characterized as an evolving process of interaction among three dimensions: social cognition, environmental sensitivity, and emotional-behavioral functioning. The model is illustrated through an individual case study and through an approach to research on outcomes of sexual victimization.
Assuntos
Adaptação Psicológica , Abuso Sexual na Infância/psicologia , Desenvolvimento da Personalidade , Meio Social , Transtornos de Adaptação/psicologia , Adolescente , Feminino , Identidade de Gênero , HumanosRESUMO
A cognitive-developmental analysis of parental reasoning on child-rearing issues is presented and applied in two controlled studies of parents of abused or neglected children. Significant differences in parental awareness were found between urban parents and their controls; this relationship is sustained in a rural sample, controlling for child handicap as well as for other familial characteristics.
Assuntos
Conscientização , Maus-Tratos Infantis , Cognição , Pais/psicologia , Adolescente , Criança , Educação Infantil , Feminino , Humanos , Entrevista Psicológica , Lógica , Masculino , Psicologia da Criança , População Rural , Pensamento , População UrbanaRESUMO
Mothers whose children had been sexually abused reported experiencing serious psychological symptoms following disclosure of the abuse. Over a one-year period, their emotional status improved. Strong relationships between mothers' reports of their own and their children's symptoms were accompanied by persistent discrepancies between maternal and direct assessments of the children's emotional states. Findings suggest that addressing maternal distress is important to the study and treatment of child sexual abuse.