RESUMO
Poor sexual and reproductive health outcomes among youth are reflective of the many barriers members of this group face in accessing health services. This study provides an in-depth account of the unique challenges that young people face in accessing sexual healthcare services in Vietnam. We surveyed 130 men and women aged 18-24 years at two major reproductive health sites in Ho Chi Minh City. We identified and explored seven domains: health insurance status, modern contraception use, HIV/STI testing, cervical cancer screening, unintended pregnancy, reproductive coercion and the patient-provider relationship. Attitudes towards the national health insurance system suggest that it does not facilitate access to healthcare. Despite widespread and affordable services, fears, fallacies and fixed social mores created formidable barriers for unmarried youth to access sexual and reproductive health services in Vietnam.
Assuntos
Comportamento Contraceptivo/psicologia , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde , Serviços de Saúde Reprodutiva , Comportamento Sexual , Adulto , Detecção Precoce de Câncer , Feminino , Humanos , Entrevistas como Assunto , Masculino , Gravidez , Inquéritos e Questionários , Migrantes/estatística & dados numéricos , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/prevenção & controle , Vietnã , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Four Cu-Mg-Al mixed metal oxides (MMO) were synthesized through the calcination of layered double hydroxides (LDHs). These catalysts were fully characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area (BET), and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES). The catalytic efficiency of porous metal oxides derived from LDHs has been tested successfully for the synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes via the Friedel-Crafts alkylation of indoles with aromatic aldehydes under solvent-free microwave irradiation. The Cu-Al MMO showed the best catalytic activity to produce the expected products up to 98% yield and 100% selectivity for only 20 min under solvent-free microwave irradiation. Moreover, the catalyst can be recovered quickly from the reaction mixture by ï¬ltration and reused several times without signiï¬cant loss of the reactivity.